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试验黄芪多糖对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫后T淋巴细胞的影响。结果显示,试验组鸡的抗体效价均优于对照组。同时,鸡免疫接种新城疫疫苗免疫后,注射黄芪多糖注射液T淋巴细胞CD4+/CD8+的比值变化均高于对照组,试验1组和试验2组之间的差异性不显著。黄芪多糖对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫后T淋巴细胞的分泌具有正向促进作用,能够提高鸡新城疫免疫效果,在今后临床防治中值得推广应用。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2015,(10)
为研究车前草多糖对雏鸡新城疫疫苗免疫效果的影响,将350只雏鸡随机分为7组,于8日龄、22日龄进行新城疫疫苗首免和二免,同时给予车前草多糖,并以黄芪多糖和铝胶盐佐剂作为对照,分别在首免后第7、14天,二免后第7、14、21天进行血清抗体效价和淋巴细胞增殖率的测定,于二免后第21天用新城疫病毒进行攻毒,连续观察10d内鸡的发病及死亡情况。结果显示,车前草多糖能显著提高雏鸡新城疫疫苗的免疫抗体效价、增强雏鸡的淋巴细胞增值率,与黄芪多糖的作用无显著性差异(P0.05),但车前草多糖提高抗体效价作用较黄芪多糖、铝胶盐佐剂的维持时间长;在新城疫病毒攻毒后10 d,未免疫组雏鸡全部死亡,车前草多糖高、中剂量组的攻毒保护率为100%,车前草多糖低剂量和黄芪多糖的保护率为90%,而铝胶佐剂和ND疫苗免疫组的保护率仅为70%。试验结果表明,车前草多糖能提高新城疫疫苗的抗体效价水平和增强T淋巴细胞的增殖率。 相似文献
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为了探究不同剂量的黄芪多糖粉对绵羊口蹄疫疫苗免疫效果的影响,试验将40只健康乌珠穆沁羊随机分为4组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组和黄芪多糖低(200 g/t)、中(400 g/t)、高剂量(800 g/t)组。黄芪多糖组于免疫前7天开始每天用添加相应剂量黄芪多糖的精料饲喂,给药第8天以口蹄疫疫苗2 m L肌肉注射免疫,于试验第8,38,68,98,128天,测定绵羊口蹄疫疫苗的抗体效价,取100只乌珠穆沁羊进行免疫效果扩大临床研究试验。结果表明:第38天以前黄芪多糖粉对口蹄疫O型和亚洲Ⅰ型免疫效价差异不显著(P0.05);第68天后,黄芪多糖各剂量组与对照组相比,抗体效价较高,差异显著(P0.05);第128天时,中、高剂量组黄芪多糖的抗体效价高于低剂量组。临床研究试验结果也表明在饲料中添加400 g/t黄芪多糖粉在免疫68天、128天时,可显著提高疫苗的抗体效价。说明在400 g/t的剂量配比上,黄芪多糖粉可以显著提高口蹄疫疫苗免疫效果。 相似文献
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将新城疫特异性转移因子(Newcastle disease-specific transfer factor,ND-STF)1 mL单独或与La Sota弱毒疫苗一起,分别口服和注射试验鸡,然后用MTT法检测各组鸡外周血淋巴细胞转化率;用La Sota疫苗免疫鸡,同时口服或注射0.1、0.5、1 mL 3种不同剂量的ND-STF,然后检测血清中新城疫病毒HI抗体效价.在使用ND-STF后第5天,试验组鸡的淋巴细胞转化率达到高峰,刺激指数(stimulation index,SI)可达1.68～1.71,对照组的SI值为1.24～1.34,试验组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05),各试验组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);鸡的HI抗体效价(log2X)在免疫后第28天达到高峰,口服或注射ND-STF 3种不同剂量组HI抗体效价分别为10、9.25、10和6.3、9、8.3,使用ND-STF各组与未使用组相比较差异显著(P<0.05),且口服的效果更好.表明ND-STF能够增强鸡的细胞免疫和体液免疫能力. 相似文献
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黄芪、岩藻和油菜3种植物提取多糖对新城疫弱毒疫苗免疫效果的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
180只1日龄北京白鸡,饲养至21日龄随机分组进行新城疫弱毒疫苗的免疫,每组分别添加黄芪、岩藻和油菜3种植物提取多糖成分作为免疫增强剂,添加剂量为10 mg/只,每种成分又分为滴鼻点眼和肌肉注射两种免疫途径.首免和二免后定期采血检测新城疫血凝抑制抗体效价和外周血淋巴细胞体外转化率.结果表明:黄芪和岩藻多糖能显著提高新城疫的血凝抑制抗体水平,三种多糖都能显著提高淋巴细胞体外转化率,这三种植物多糖能增强新城疫弱毒疫苗的免疫效果. 相似文献
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中药提取物对鸡免疫器官发育和新城疫抗体水平的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
将246只粤黄鸡分笼饲养3周,挑选160只大小适中小鸡,用鸡新城疫Ⅱ系弱毒疫苗滴眼免疫,后随机分为8个组,其中7个实验组免疫后4周内在饲料中按0.2%剂量分别添加中药提取浓缩粉(1:5)火炭母、旱莲草、淫羊藿、穿心莲、黄芪、女贞子、生大黄,对照组8组饲料中不添加任何药物;在免疫后14、28天时,通过心脏采血后分离血清,检测鸡新城疫HI抗体效价,并取5只小鸡的脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊,计算三种免疫器官指数.结果显示,大多数实验组鸡的抗体效价与免疫器官指数都显著高于空白对照组,其中黄芪组与淫羊藿组效果最显著. 相似文献
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本研究采用从武汉地区分离的Ⅰ型鸭疫里默氏杆菌,分别研制了油乳剂、蜂胶及黄芪多糖灭活疫苗,并从安全、效果等方面对这三种疫苗进行了比较.结果表明,三种疫苗的最佳免疫剂量分别为0.3、0.5、0.3mL/只;攻毒平均保护率为92%、84%、96%;免疫后3～21 d,三种疫苗产生的特异性抗体效价均逐步升高,免疫后10d抗体效价均显著高于免疫后7d(P<0.01),并且此时APS苗的血清抗体水平显著高于蜂胶苗(P<0.05).三种疫苗均具有良好的安全性和免疫原性,其中黄芪多糖灭活苗的效果较为突出. 相似文献
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复方中药成分对新城疫疫苗免疫雏鸡外周血T淋巴细胞转化和血清抗体效价的影响 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
选择4种中药成分（黄芪多糖、淫羊藿多糖、峰胶黄酮、人参皂甙）组成2个复方，各按3个剂量水平与新城疫疫苗混合后免疫雏鸡，以无佐剂苗和油乳苗为对照，分别于免疫后7、14、21、28、35、42d采血，用MTT法和微量血凝法测定T淋巴细胞转化和血清抗体效价的动态变化。结果表明。中药佐剂能显著促进淋巴细胞转化。提高血清抗体效价，多数时间点与油佐剂的效果相当，部分时间点显著强于油佐剂。综合判定方1高剂量和方2中剂量的效果最好。 相似文献
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文章旨在探讨玉屏风多糖脂质体(Yupingfeng polysaccharide Liposomes,YPF-PL)的免疫活性,研究其对脾淋巴细胞亚群和脾组织学变化的影响。180只13日龄麻黄鸡随机分为6组,每组30只,即YPF-PL组(100、200、400 mg/kg)、玉屏风多糖(YPF-P)对照组(200 mg/kg)、免疫对照组(仅免疫不给药)和空白对照组,连续两次给药,每次持续7 d,期间进行H5N1亚型禽流感灭活疫苗首免和二免,42 d每组随机选10只剖杀。每周采血获得血清,采用HI法检测各组雏鸡抗体水平变化,MTT法比较YPF-P和不同浓度YPF-PL对鸡脾淋巴细胞的增殖活性,流式细胞术法检测鸡脾T、B淋巴细胞亚群变化,脾组织H.E染色后光镜观察组织学变化。结果显示:高剂量YPF-PL效果最显著,可增强禽流感疫苗免疫效果,能较长时间维持高水平抗体效价;低、中和高剂量YPF-PL能促进脾淋巴细胞增殖(P<0.01);协同ConA作用时,中、高剂量YPF-PL能显著提高鸡脾淋巴细胞刺激指数(P<0.01);YPF-P和低、中、高剂量YPF-PL能够升高CD3+T淋巴细胞和Bu-1+淋巴细胞的比例(P<0.01),显著提高CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值(P<0.01)以及促进脾白髓淋巴细胞增殖发育。结果提示高剂量YPF-PL能够促进雏鸡禽流感疫苗免疫效果,增强机体脾脏免疫功能,作用效果优于YPF-P。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2019,(24)
为了研究三种免疫增效剂对禽4型腺病毒(FAV-4)TJ1607株灭活苗免疫效果的影响,试验将40只健康雏鸡随机分成4组,分别为鸡转移因子组、黄芪多糖组、枸杞多糖组和对照组,注射FAV-4 TJ1607株灭活疫苗后,鸡转移因子组、黄芪多糖组、枸杞多糖组鸡分别口服鸡转移因子、黄芪多糖和枸杞多糖各1 mL,对照组给予等量的生理盐水,在注射完免疫增效剂后的第1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,22天采集血样用于FAV Ab检测。结果表明:鸡转移因子组与对照组比较在第13天时抗体效价出现显著升高(P0.05),黄芪多糖组在第17天时抗体效价出现显著升高(P0.05),枸杞多糖组在第19天时抗体效价出现显著升高(P0.05),且一直保持增长趋势。说明鸡转移因子的免疫增效作用最优,可在临床应用上优先使用,其次是黄芪多糖,枸杞多糖酌情使用。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献