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本试验采用鸡胚增殖培养鸡新城疫B95 株病毒。经对培养的尿囊液病毒价达EID50 107.75。无菌性检验和安全性检验均符合疫苗要求 ,将其选作试验用疫苗进行了试验。结果表明 ,该苗滴鼻点眼免疫的最小剂量为105.75,拌料免疫最小剂量为106.75。以B95 株疫苗滴鼻点眼免疫的鸡 ,在免疫后5天时就可产生坚强的免疫力 ,免疫期可达4个月。同居接触免疫鸡能获得了良好的免疫效果 ,攻毒总保护率与滴鼻点眼免疫差异不显著。拌料免疫效果良好 ,与NDV滴鼻点眼免疫差异不显著。B95 株苗在0～4℃条件下保存4个月 ,免疫攻毒保护率达80% ;在室温下保存2个月 ,免疫攻毒保护率达100%。 相似文献
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鸡新城疫病毒B95株免疫研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验采用鸡胚增殖培养鸡新城疫B95株病毒，经对培养的尿囊液病毒价达EID5010^7.75。无菌性检验和安全性检验均符合疫苗要求，将其选作试验用疫苗进行了试验，结果表明，该苗滴鼻点眼免疫的最小剂量为10^5.75，拌料免疫最小剂量为10^6.75，以B95株疫苗滴鼻点眼免疫的鸡，在免疫后5天时就可产生坚强的免疫力，免疫期可达4个月，同居接触免疫鸡能获得了良好的免疫效果，攻毒总保护率与滴鼻点眼免疫差异不显著，拌料免疫效果良好，与NDV滴鼻点眼免疫差异不显著，B95株苗在0－4℃条件下保存4个月，免疫攻毒保护率达80％，在室温下保存2个月，免疫攻毒保护率达100％。 相似文献
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利用Page A型、B型、C型副鸡禽杆菌和新城疫病毒La Sota株,研制鸡传染性鼻炎(三价)和新城疫二联油乳剂灭活疫苗。用3个批次疫苗进行单剂量(0.5mL/次)3次接种和大剂量(2.0mL)单次接种的安全性试验、SPF鸡的免疫效力试验、商品鸡的免疫持续期试验和疫苗的保存期试验。结果表明,3批疫苗对试验鸡安全无副作用;免疫接种SPF鸡只30d后对A、B、C型副鸡禽杆菌攻毒的保护率≥80%,用20μL/只疫苗免疫接种SPF鸡21d后新城疫的平均HI抗体24;商品鸡42日龄首免,110日龄二免,二免后9个月对A、B、C型副鸡禽杆菌攻毒的保护率≥70%,对新城疫病毒强毒100%保护;用4℃~8℃保存12个月和15个月的3批疫苗进行了SPF鸡的近期免疫效力试验,结果对A、B、C型副鸡禽杆菌攻毒的保护率≥70%,用20μL/只疫苗免疫SPF鸡,免疫接种后21d新城疫病毒的平均HI抗体24,对新城疫病毒强毒的攻毒保护率70%。说明研制的疫苗安全有效。 相似文献
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猪传染性胸膜肺炎三价灭活疫苗的研究——效力、最小免疫量、免疫持续期和保存期试验 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所研制的8批猪传染性胸膜肺炎三价灭活疫苗进行了效力试验，并对其中的3批疫苗进行了最小免疫量，免疫持续期和保存期试验。结果表明，免疫猪对APP（Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae)1,3,7血清型强毒攻击的近期保护率分别为91．6％，91．6％ 95．8％；免疫剂量为1mL时，对APP1，3，7血清型强毒攻击的保护率分别为33．3％，33．3％和50．0％；免疫剂量为2mL时，保护率分别为88．9％，88．9％和100％；免疫剂量为3mL或4mL时，保护率均为100％，免疫后120d和180d时，攻毒保护率分别为100％，88．9％，100％和88．9％，77．8％，100．％；疫苗经4－8℃保存180d和360d后，攻毒保护率分别为88．9％，100％，100％和100％，77．8％，88．9％。 相似文献
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鸡传染性法氏囊病免疫复合物疫苗的安全性和免疫效力试验 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
用鸡法氏囊病免疫复合疫苗(IBDV-Icx)和常规IBD活疫苗分别免疫1日龄商品鸡和SPF鸡,进行疫苗的安全性及免疫效力比较.免疫后8d检测,IBDV-Icx免疫组鸡的法氏囊未见明显萎缩,而传统弱毒疫苗免疫组鸡的法氏囊萎缩明显;免疫后28d各组用IBDV标准强毒株进行攻击,IBDV-Icx免疫组鸡的攻毒保护率均为10/10,常规IBD活疫苗对照组分别为8/10及9/10.免疫后3个月,IBDV-Icx免疫组血清抗体可达AGP1∶32,攻击强毒仍为10/10保护,而常规IBD活疫苗免疫后2个月抗体AGP为0,攻毒保护率为1/10,免疫后3个月时攻毒10/10发病. 相似文献
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猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失灭活疫苗（LA-A株）的最小免疫剂量和制品保存期的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究将伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)变异株(PRV AH02LA株)的gE基因缺失株(LA-A株)接种BHK-21细胞,经纯悬浮培养制备抗原,甲醛灭活后制备油乳剂灭活疫苗,并确定该灭活疫苗的最小免疫剂量和效力检验方法,以及在2~8℃保存期。结果显示:猪伪狂犬病病毒基因缺失灭活疫苗(LA-A株)的效力检验方法为以2.0 mL(抗原含量108.20TCID50)接种4~5周龄PRV阴性健康仔猪,颈部肌肉注射,间隔28 d以相同剂量和方法加强免疫,加强免疫后第21 d,免疫猪血清PRV抗体中和指数应不低于10000,攻毒保护率应不低于80%;最小免疫剂量为1.0 mL(抗原含量107.90 TCID50);制品保存期:在2~8℃保存期为18个月。该研究结果为新型疫苗的研制提供了重要的试验依据。 相似文献
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为检测牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)弱毒活疫苗在免疫牛体内抗体产生及其消长规律,评价弱毒疫苗的保护效力,并确定免疫持续期,本试验对免疫试验牛每头颈部肌肉接种BVDV SM株弱毒疫苗104.5TCID50,监测血清抗体效价,进行免疫持续期的确定。在疫苗免疫后的6个月、9个月和12个月,分别抽取5头免疫组和5头对照组牛,采用BVDV-JL强毒株进行攻毒试验,每头牛攻毒剂量为6×107.0TCID50/mL。结果显示疫苗免疫后12个月时血清中和抗体效价仍维持在1∶1048以上。攻毒结果显示,在3个不同时间点进行强毒攻击后,免疫组所有动物白细胞数量都没有下降也没有分离到病毒,而对照组动物白细胞数下降均超过30%,6个月和9个月时动物血清中均能分离到病毒,而12个月对照组动物由于年龄大,没有分离到病毒,因此暂定此疫苗的免疫持续期为9个月。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献