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《中国兽医学报》2020,(5)
探讨高铜对肉鸡心肌氧化损伤和内质网应激的影响,将48羽1日龄白羽肉鸡随机平均分为4组,分别饲喂对照日粮(Cu 11 mg/kg,对照组)和高铜日粮(Cu 110 mg/kg,高铜I组;Cu 220 mg/kg,高铜Ⅱ组;Cu 330 mg/kg,高铜Ⅲ组)。49日龄时进行心脏采集,制备切片观察心脏组织病理学变化,检测心肌总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化,实时荧光定量PCR检测内质网应激相关基因GRP78、GRP94、eIF2α、ATF6、XBP1、CHOP的mRNA转录水平,Western blot检测GRP78蛋白表达水平。结果显示,与对照组相比,高铜组心肌纤维间隙增宽;随着日粮中铜含量的增加,心脏组织中T-AOC、SOD、CAT和GR活力下降,MDA含量显著升高(P0.05),GRP78、GRP94、eIF2α、ATF6、XBP1和CHOP mRNA表达量升高,GRP78蛋白表达显著上调(P0.05)。结果表明,高铜可以诱导心肌氧化损伤和内质网应激。 相似文献
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旨在研究布鲁氏菌IV型分泌系统效应分子VceC对山羊滋养层细胞(GTC)内质网应激及性腺激素分泌的影响,为揭示其在布鲁氏菌感染宿主细胞中的作用,阐明布鲁氏菌胞内生存和引起动物流产的机制提供重要依据。本研究通过构建VceC的真核表达载体pEGFP-C1-VceC并转染GTC,Western blot检测内质网应激标志性分子GRP78和CHOP蛋白表达量变化,qRT-PCR和Western blot进一步检测未折叠蛋白反应(UPR)信号通路相关分子;ELISA检测细胞培养上清液的孕酮和雌激素的浓度变化。结果表明,成功构建了VceC真核表达载体pEGFP-C1-VceC,转染GTC后,12和24 h GRP78蛋白表达均显著升高(P<0.01),24 h后CHOP蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05);qRT-PCR检测IRE1和XBP-1的mRNA表达量在24 h均显著升高(P<0.05),而PERK、ATF6和ATF4 mRNA的表达未发生显著变化(P>0.05),Western blot检测IRE1蛋白的表达在转染12 h后显著升高(P<0.01);VceC转染... 相似文献
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旨在探讨猪肠道钠氢交换载体（NHE3）mRNA表达的肠段特异性和发育模式,为NHE在养猪生产中的应用提供理论依据。选取遗传背景相同的1、7、26、30、60、90和150 d蓝塘和长白公猪各5头,测体质量后屠宰,取十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠组织样品;以18S rRNA为内标基因,用实时荧光定量PCR法检测NHE3 mRNA在60 d长白猪表达的肠段特异性及其在蓝塘和长白猪肠道表达的发育模式。结果显示：长白猪肠道NHE3 mRNA的表达丰度为结肠、十二指肠、空肠和回肠依次降低,且结肠显著高于空肠和回肠（P〈0.05）。不同猪种NHE3mRNA在十二指肠和空肠的表达模式相似;蓝塘和长白猪NHE3 mRNA的表达丰度分别在7和30 d（十二指肠）、7和26 d（空肠）达最高水平（P〈0.05）。不同猪种结肠NHE3 mRNA的表达模式不同,分别与其在十二指肠和空肠的发育呈现不同的模式;蓝塘猪结肠NHE3 mRNA的表达丰度在26、90和150 d时显著低于长白猪（P〈0.05）。以上结果说明,猪肠道NHE3 mRNA的表达受到发育阶段、品种和肠段的调控,且在十二指肠和空肠间具有品种稳定性。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2016,(3):513-517
通过体外添加一定浓度的非酯化脂肪酸(nonestesterifiedfatty acid,NEFAs)(1.8 mmol/L)处理犊牛原代肝细胞不同时间,运用Western blot和实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)方法,测定NEFAs对内质网应激(ER stress)标志分子IRE1α磷酸化水平和GRP78、CHOP、XBP-1的mRNA表达水平的影响。结果显示,随着NEFAs作用时间的增加,与0.5h组相比,IRE1α磷酸化水平逐渐升高,NEFAs处理小于5h时,IRE1α磷酸化水平呈时间依赖性增加。并在5h达到最高水平,极显著高于0.5h组(P0.01),此后,磷酸化水平降低。与0.5h组相比,GRP78、CHOP、XBP-1的mRNA的表达水平整体逐渐升高,NEFAs处理9h时极显著高于0.5h时组(P0.01)并达到最高水平。结果表明,一定浓度的NEFAs可诱导奶牛肝细胞发生内质网应激。 相似文献
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将5周龄体质量为23～25 g的C57BL/6型雄性小鼠随机分为室温对照组和冷暴露组。室温对照组小鼠刺激条件为温度(24±2)℃,湿度40%;冷暴露组小鼠饲养于人工智能气候室内,刺激条件为温度(4±1)℃,湿度40%,每天冷暴露3 h,连续暴露3周。通过HE染色、Masson染色、透射电镜观察肝脏组织的生理结构;Western blot技术检测肝脏组织内质网应激标志蛋白CHOP、GRP78、XBP1的表达,以及内源性凋亡标志蛋白Caspase-3、Cyt C、Bax、Bcl-2的表达水平。结果显示,与对照组相比,冷暴露组小鼠肝细胞发生轻微水样变性,可见炎性细胞浸润,肝小叶结构异常;细胞间质可见轻微的胶原纤维沉积;内质网、线粒体发生轻微损伤;GRP78、XBP1、CHOP表达水平显著升高(P<0.05);Cyt C表达水平、Bax/Bcl-2的比值、活化的Caspase-3与其Caspase-3前体的比值显著升高(P<0.01)。结果表明,冷暴露能够诱导小鼠肝脏组织发生内质网应激,导致内源性凋亡的发生。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2020,(2)
本文旨在探讨黄芩水提液对肠炎模型小鼠空肠损伤的作用机理。将30只小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和黄芩水提液低、中、高剂量组,每组6只小鼠。通过连续3 d给小鼠灌胃0.4 mL·d~(-1)产肠毒大肠杆菌(3×10~8 CFU·mL~(-1))建立肠炎模型,黄芩水提液组每只小鼠在攻菌前预灌服0.2 mL黄芩水提液(低剂量组0.3 g·d~(-1),中剂量组0.6 g·d~(-1),高剂量组1.2 g·d~(-1)),连续灌胃6 d。结果显示,相比于对照组,模型组小鼠空肠炎性因子IL-6 mRNA表达量极显著升高(P0.01),空肠绒毛结构受到严重破坏,但参与肠道损伤修复的MAPK mRNA表达量未发生显著变化;相比于模型组,黄芩水提液各剂量组的小鼠空肠IL-6 mRNA表达量极显著下降(P0.01),空肠JNK/ERK mRNA表达量显著下降(P0.05),且绒毛结构得到显著改善。综上所述,在小鼠肠炎模型中,黄芩水提液可通过降低炎症反应和下调JNK/ERK mRNA的方式促进空肠的损伤修复。 相似文献
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将90只海蓝褐雏鸡随机分为对照组、毒害艾美耳球虫(E.necatrix)一次感染组和毒害艾美耳球虫两次感染组,应用二重PCR方法,通过对肠道组织热休克蛋白-90 (HSP-90) mRNA表达的检测,较全面系统地研究了毒害艾美耳球虫感染对雏鸡肠道组织HSP-90 mRNA表达的影响。结果发现,14日龄雏鸡经口第一次感染毒害艾美耳球虫后0~14 d,其肠道组织HSP-90 mRNA表达虽然不同程度的低于对照雏鸡,但总体呈上升趋势;上述雏鸡于28日龄时再次攻击性感染毒害艾美耳球虫,其十二指肠、空肠和回肠HSP-90 mRNA表达均呈先下降后上升,而盲肠HSP-90 mRNA表达始终呈下降趋势。28日龄雏鸡一次性大剂量感染毒害艾美耳球虫后,其十二指肠、空肠、盲肠HSP-90 mRNA表达均下降,而回肠HSP-90 mRNA表达先下降后上升。结果表明毒害艾美耳球虫感染雏鸡初期,肠道组织HSP-90 mRNA表达受到一定抑制,其表达量与肠道组织细胞损伤程度密切相关。 相似文献
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猪肠道碱性氨基酸转运载体(CAT1)mRNA表达的组织特异性和发育性变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究旨在探讨不同品种猪肠道碱性氨基酸转运载体（CAT1）mRNA表达的组织特异性和发育规律。试验选取1、7、26、30、60、90和150日龄长白和蓝塘公猪各5头（同一品种同一日龄且体重接近）,共70头,测体重后屠宰,采集十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠组织样品。以18S基因为内标,用实时荧光定量RT-PCR法（SYBR Green Ⅰ试剂盒）检测CAT mRNA在60日龄长白猪十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠表达的组织特异性,以及在长白和蓝塘猪不同日龄其十二指肠、空肠、回肠表达的发育性变化。结果显示：60日龄长白猪CAT1 mRNA的表达丰度从十二指肠到回肠呈逐渐升高的趋势,到结肠开始下降,回肠极显著高于其他3个肠段（P〈0．01）,十二指肠最低;十二指肠和空肠CAT mRNA的表达在1～26d（即哺乳期）都呈上升的趋势,随后都开始有所下降;蓝塘猪十二指肠CAT1 mRNA的表达丰度在150d时显著低于其他各个阶段（P〈0．05）,而长白猪90和150d都显著低于其他各阶段（P〈0．05）;空肠CAT1 mRNA的表达在26～150d各阶段都差异不显著,而26d显著高于1和7d（P〈0．05）;1～60d长白和蓝塘猪回肠CAT1 mRNA的表达都呈逐渐上升的趋势,60d后都显著下降（P〈0．05）。两品种猪不同日龄时十二指肠和空肠CAT1 mRNA的表达量都没有显著差异（P〉0．05）;长白猪回肠CAT mRNA表达在26d时显著高于蓝塘猪（P〈0．05）;在90和150d时,长白猪都显著低于蓝塘猪（P〈0．05）,其他各阶段没有显著差异。结果说明,CAT mRNA在不同肠段及不同发育阶段的表达存在明显的差异,这可能与肠腔中氨基酸的浓度和氨基酸的需要水平及相关激素水平有关。 相似文献
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肉鸡肠道PepT1 mRNA表达的肠段差异性与发育性变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用遗传背景相同的1日龄父母代雄性Arbor Acre(AA)鸡和父母代雄性岭南黄肉雏鸡各120羽,采用相对定量RT-PCR方法,以30 d时岭南黄鸡肠道样品为模板,研究肉鸡肠道寡肽转运载体1(Peptide transporter 1,PepT1)mRNA表达的肠段差异性;以AA肉鸡和岭南黄鸡十二指肠和空肠样品为模板,研究不同品种肉鸡肠道PepT1 mRNA表达的发育性变化。结果显示:(1)岭南黄肉鸡肠道PepT1 mRNA的表达丰度从十二指肠、空肠、回肠到结直肠依次降低,其中十二指肠显著高于结直肠(P<0.05);(2)AA鸡和岭南黄肉鸡PepT1 mRNA在十二指肠及空肠中的表达具有相同的发育模式,16 d表达丰度最高,16~44 d逐渐下降,58 d略微回升;不同基因型之间PepT1 mRNA丰度比较,AA鸡和岭南黄肉鸡两品种间PepT1 mRNA的表达没有显著差异(P>0.05)。以上结果说明:(1)随着肠道空间位置的后移,岭南黄肉鸡肠道PepT1 mRNA的表达丰度逐渐降低,其中十二指肠的表达丰度显著高于结直肠(P<0.05);(2)不同品种肉鸡十二指肠及空肠PepT1 mRNA的表达具有相同的发育模式,且同日龄两品种间的表达丰度未见明显差异,表明PepT1 mRNA表达受到发育阶段的调控,但品种间具有稳定性。 相似文献
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为进一步探讨旋毛虫P53基因原核表达重组蛋白的免疫保护作用,本实验采用纯化的重组蛋白作为抗原免疫小鼠,免疫剂量为50μg/100μL,每隔10d免疫1次,共3次。末次免疫后10d,每只小鼠以200条旋毛虫肌幼虫攻虫。分别检查感染后7d小鼠肠道内成虫数量、体外培养雌虫所产新生蚴数量以及感染后35d肌肉荷虫量。结果显示:小鼠肠道内成虫、新生蚴和肌幼虫的减虫率分别为61.9%、53.45%和71.48%,表明旋毛虫表达P53基因的重组蛋白对小鼠产生了较好的免疫保护效果。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献