共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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[目的]研究牛活体采卵-体外受精（ovum pick-up and in vitro fertilization,OPU/IVF）体系,建立高效的牛体外胚胎生产系统。[方法]以从屠宰场采集的健康牛新鲜卵巢为试验材料,进行卵母细胞体外成熟、体外受精、体外胚胎培养相关条件的摸索,重点考查体外胚胎培养液中添加瘦素（leptin）对囊胚率的影响。选取13～15月龄健康荷斯坦奶牛及和牛各10头作为供体,进行活体采卵、卵母细胞体外成熟、体外胚胎生产,记录可用卵数及可用囊胚数,统计卵裂率、囊胚率;2个品种牛的体外冷冻胚胎解冻后,以荷斯坦奶牛为受体进行胚胎移植,移植后45 d统计妊娠率。[结果]添加30 U/mL的leptin可以显著（P<0.05）提高屠宰场来源牛体外胚胎的囊胚率。随机选择供体牛活体采卵,平均每头荷斯坦奶牛获得可用卵7.5枚,平均每头和牛获得可用卵8.1枚;荷斯坦奶牛及和牛的卵裂率分别为84.00%、82.71%,二者差异不显著（P>0.05）。体外培养条件下,平均每头荷斯坦奶牛获得可用囊胚4.3枚,平均每头和牛获得可用囊胚3.7枚;荷斯坦奶牛的囊胚率（57.33%）显著... 相似文献
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纯种和牛快速扩繁关键技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为达到快速扩繁纯种和牛的目的,试验从供体牛高强度超数排卵、胚胎性别鉴定及不同品种受体牛移植对产犊、妊娠期和犊牛初生重的影响进行研究。结果表明,纯种和牛连续超排9次,每次间隔30 d,第2次头均回收胚数22.78枚,显著高于第5~9次结果（P< 0.05）,其余各组之间无显著差异（P> 0.05）;第1~3次头均可用胚数分别为8.67、13.78、8.56枚,组间无显著差异（P> 0.05）,第2次头均可用胚数显著高于第4~9次头均可用胚数（P< 0.05）,极显著高于第7、9次头均可用胚数（P< 0.01）。性别鉴定胚胎和常规胚胎移植妊娠率和产犊率差异均不显著（P> 0.05）,性别鉴定胚胎的母犊率为95.56%。西门塔尔杂交牛受体产犊率高于和牛杂交牛、荷斯坦奶牛受体,但差异不显著（P> 0.05）。和牛杂交牛受体妊娠期极显著高于西门塔尔杂交牛和荷斯坦奶牛受体（P< 0.01）,西门塔尔杂交牛和荷斯坦奶牛之间差异不显著（P> 0.05）;西门塔尔杂交牛受体所产和牛母犊初生重显著高于和牛杂交牛受体（P< 0.05）,极显著高于荷斯坦奶牛受体（P< 0.01）,3个品种受体牛产和牛公犊初生重之间差异不显著（P> 0.05）;同一品种受体牛其产公、母犊牛的妊娠期及初生重均相近。 相似文献
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青海省民和县种畜场2001年引进了48头秦川牛,于2001年4月～2002年6月进行了荷斯坦奶牛胚胎移植,结果12头秦川牛移植成功,所产荷斯坦牛犊生长发育良好。1材料与方法1．1供体胚胎荷斯坦奶牛7日龄冷冻胚胎,由新疆生物科技研究所提供。 相似文献
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[目的]研究和牛母牛超数排卵及胚胎移植效果。[方法]利用纯种和牛母牛作为供体,荷斯坦母牛及西杂母牛作为受体,通过供体牛的超数排卵、人工授精、采胚、胚胎冷冻及受体牛的同期发情和鲜胚移植,快速获得纯种和牛及和牛胚胎。[结果]对4头青年纯种和牛母牛进行超排,重复冲卵13头次,共采卵数122枚,其中75枚可用胚胎,可用胚率为61.5%,平均5.76枚/头次。对75头荷斯坦牛及西杂母牛同期发情,结果获得89.2%的同期发情率。67头受体牛移植了鲜胚,2个月后妊娠检查有35头怀孕,移植妊娠率为52.23%。[结论]可以利用超数排卵及胚胎移植增加和牛母牛利用效率。 相似文献
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供体牛外周血AMH浓度对荷斯坦青年奶牛体内胚胎生产效率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
旨在研究供体牛超数排卵（简称超排）过程中不同时间外周血AMH浓度与荷斯坦青年奶牛体内胚胎生产效率的相关性,优化供体牛筛选标准,提高荷斯坦青年奶牛体内胚胎生产效率。本试验共选用96头荷斯坦青年奶牛进行超排处理,分别在孕酮阴道栓（CIDR）埋置、人工授精和胚胎回收当天通过尾根采集外周血检测抗缪勒管激素（anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH）浓度,将不同时期的外周血AMH浓度按照高（浓度分布最高的25%）、中等（浓度分布中间的25%~75%）、低（浓度分布最低的25%）分为3组,并检验了这3组之间头均回收胚胎数、头均可用胚胎数、头均退化胚胎数和头均未受精数等指标间的差异。结果表明：1）外周血AMH浓度检测结果显示,从CIDR埋置至胚胎回收的全过程AMH浓度整体呈下降趋势;2）CIDR埋置当天AMH高浓度组头均回收胚胎数（9.38±1.24）显著高于中等浓度组（6.47±0.56）（P<0.05）,说明CIDR埋置当天AMH浓度高的供体牛超排效果更好,回收胚胎数更多;但是,结果也表明,高浓度组头均未受精卵母细胞数显著高于其他两组（P<0.05）,说明部分卵母细胞未能成功受精,这可能是由于高浓度组牛只更多的卵泡优势化,排卵周期延长导致部分卵母细胞未能完成正常受精;3）人工授精和胚胎回收当天的AMH数据分析结果均表明,3组间各项胚胎生产指标均无显著性差异（P>0.05）;4）通过对供体牛体重记录数据分析发现,不同体重牛只间的体内胚胎生产效率差异也不显著（P>0.05）,但是体况适中组牛只的可用胚胎数、回收胚胎数优于其他两组,尤其是优于体重偏胖组。因此,CIDR埋置时,外周血AMH浓度可以作为青年荷斯坦供体牛筛选标准之一,且供体牛选择时宜选用体况适中的牛只。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献