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1.
设计1对引物将口蹄疫病毒（foot and mouth disease virus, FMDV）VP1基因克隆到T载体上,通过Nde I和Xho I双酶切VP1基因和pET-28(a),在T4连接酶的作用下构建重组表达载体pET-28a-VP1;然后用EcoR I和Xho I双酶切VP1基因与pET-41（a）,在T4连接酶的作用下构建重组表达载体pET-41a-VP1;然后将这2个新构建的载体分别通过热冲击法转化BL21（DE3）,37 ℃不同IPTG浓度和32 ℃、0.01 mmol/L IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE结果显示pET-28a-VP1的表达量高于pET-41a-VP1,在DTT和乙醇的作用下,二者均没有可溶性蛋白出现。  相似文献   

2.
为了构建Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒双拷贝VP1基因的原核表达质粒,试验采用RT-PCR技术扩增鸭肝炎病毒VP1基因,将其连接到克隆载体pGEM-T Easy中得到重组克隆质粒pGEM-T-VP1,阳性克隆质粒经鉴定正确后,分别用BamHⅠ、XholⅠ、BglⅡ进行酶切,重组后得到pGEM-T-2VP1,然后将双拷贝VP1基因亚克隆入原核表达载体pET-30a(+)中,得到重组质粒pET-30a(+)-2VP1。结果表明:得到了含有目的基因的阳性克隆。说明Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒双拷贝VP1基因原核表达质粒构建成功。  相似文献   

3.
针对重组原核表达载体表达目的蛋白以包涵体形式存在的问题,作者对影响外源蛋白表达的IPTG的浓度、温度、时间等因素均进行了探索.以观察VP1蛋白的可溶性情况.通过PCR技术将VP1基因克隆至pGEM-T载体中,然后将pET-28a(+)和pGEM-T载体分别进行双酶切.构建重组的pET-28a-VP1载体,将重组载体转化至BL21中,诱导后经SDS-PAGE检测可见约29 ku的目的蛋白条带.插入的外源目的蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在,上清中的可溶性蛋白甚微.试验结果表明,这可能与蛋白本身的氨基酸组成有重要关联.  相似文献   

4.
针对重组原核表达载体表达目的蛋白以包涵体形式存在的问题,作者对影响外源蛋白表达的IPTG的浓度、温度、时间等因素均进行了探索,以观察VP1蛋白的可溶性情况。通过PCR技术将VP1基因克隆至pGEM-T载体中,然后将pET-28a(+)和pGEM-T载体分别进行双酶切,构建重组的pET-28a-VP1载体,将重组载体转化至BL21中,诱导后经SDS-PAGE检测可见约29 ku的目的蛋白条带。插入的外源目的蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在,上清中的可溶性蛋白甚微。试验结果表明,这可能与蛋白本身的氨基酸组成有重要关联。  相似文献   

5.
轮状病毒VP4基因和VP7基因原核表达载体的构建及表达   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
经PCR从含有VP4基因、VP7基因片段的重组质粒pT-VP4和pT-VP7中护增VP4、VP7基因，连接至pGEM-5zf( )。经筛选和鉴定正确后同时酶切目的基因和表达质粒pET-28a( )，连接、转化受体菌，经PCR、酶切和序列分析证明，连接向位和阅读框架是正确的，从而构建了轮状病毒保护性抗原VP4基因、VP7基因片段的原核表达载体pET28a-VP4、pET28a-VP7。重组质粒转化表达菌在IPTG诱导下，用SDS-PAGE、薄层凝胶扫描分析表达的蛋白。结果表明，表达的目的蛋白以包涵体的形式存在，蛋白的分子量分别为37.69和36.20ku，表达量占菌体总蛋白的比例分别为17.1%和14.4%。  相似文献   

6.
田锦 《中国畜牧兽医》2012,39(7):134-137
将重组有北京鸭抑制素α-亚基基因的T载体和pET-28a表达载体分别用NdeⅠ和XhoⅠ双酶切后连接并转化E. coli BL21(DE3),经PCR和双酶切鉴定,筛选得到阳性重组表达载体,在IPTG诱导下融合表达了北京鸭抑制素α-亚基蛋白。试验结果表明,抑制素α-亚基基因在E. coli BL21中得到了有效表达,表达产物具有免疫活性,为后期探讨该免疫原提高北京鸭产蛋性能的研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

7.
为构建牛分支杆菌ag85b基因的重组表达质粒pET-32a-ag85b,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)从牛分支杆菌AF2122/97基因组DNA中扩增出ag85b基因(978 bp),然后对扩增产物和载体pET-32a以核酸内切酶EcoR Ⅰ及Sal Ⅰ分别进行双酶切;将两种酶切产物以T4 DNA Ligase连接,将靶基因克隆入载体pET-32a,构建重组质粒。将此重组质粒转化入大肠杆菌DH5α,抽提重组质粒首先经EcoR Ⅰ及Sal Ⅰ双酶切检验,再进行PCR扩增鉴定,最后测序鉴定。酶切片段及PCR扩增片段大小均与预期相符,测序结果与GenBank登录序列完全相同。结果表明,成功地克隆并构建了ag85b基因重组表达质粒pET-32a-ag85b。  相似文献   

8.
为构建牛分支杆菌αg85b基因的重组表达质粒pET-32a-ag85b,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)从牛分支杆菌AF2122/97基因组DNA中扩增出αg85b基因(978 bp),然后对扩增产物和载体pET-32a以核酸内切酶EcoR Ⅰ及Sal Ⅰ分别进行双酶切;将两种酶切产物以T4 DNA Ligase连接,将靶基因克隆入载体pET-32a,构建重组质粒.将此重组质粒转化人大肠杆菌DH5α,抽提重组质粒首先经EcoR Ⅰ及Sal Ⅰ双酶切检验,再进行PCR扩增鉴定,最后测序鉴定.酶切片段及PCR扩增片段大小均与预期相符,测序结果与GenBank登录序列完全相同.结果表明,成功地克隆并构建了αg85b基因重组表达质粒pET-32a-ag85b.  相似文献   

9.
用Xho I和EcoR I酶分别从pET-28a( )和pMD18-T15/60质粒中酶切得到线性片段和CP15／60基因片段，然后用T4DNA连接酶连接，构建重组的CP15／60的原核表达载体，在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中表达，并用SDS－PAGE、ELISA和Westem lot进行鉴定。结果表明构建了CP15／60的原核表达载体，得到了一分子量约为16kDa的融合蛋白，占大肠杆菌总蛋白的42％。  相似文献   

10.
试验旨在构建荷包猪猪白细胞抗原1（swine lymphocyte antigen 1,SLA-1）重链四聚体前体链并研究其在表达载体pET-21a（+）中蛋白的表达情况。以SLA-1全基因序列为模板,结合表达载体的特点设计引物,利用PCR扩增技术在SLA-1-HB01胞外区序列C-末端加载上可生物素酰化序列（BirA substrate peptide,BSP）。将PCR扩增产物SLA-1-HB01-BSP克隆到pEASY T1载体上,筛选出阳性克隆菌SLA-1-HB01-BSP/pEASY T1,经双酶切后进一步与表达载体pET-21a（+）连接,再转化到E.coli BL21感受态细胞中构建pET-21a（+）/SLA-1-HB01-BSP重组表达菌,通过IPTG诱导蛋白表达,SDS-PAGE检测蛋白的大小及表达情况,提取包涵体检测蛋白的纯度。PCR扩增结果显示,SLA-1-HB01-BSP大小为898 bp,与理论值相符,扩增片段成功克隆至pEASY T1载体构建克隆菌,经Nde Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ双酶切筛选及测序,成功获得阳性克隆菌株SLA-1-HB01-BSP/pEASY T1,插入的目的基因片段大小为876 bp。阳性克隆菌株与pET-21a（+）表达载体经Nde Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ双酶切后进行连接,转化E coli BL21感受态细胞后获得pET-21a（+）/SLA-1-HB01-BSP重组表达菌,经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE检测目的蛋白大小为31.4 ku。进一步检测分析发现,目的蛋白以包涵体形式存在,且蛋白纯度达到80%以上。本研究成功构建了荷包猪SLA-1-HB01重链四聚体前体链的pET-21a（+）重组表达体系,为下一步进行猪SLA Ⅰ类分子四聚体的检测奠定基础。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

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