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1.
应用YWG-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),WatersTM 486型可调波长紫外检测器(检测波长265 nm);0.01 M磷酸钾(pH=7)乙腈(3 1)为流动相;含量测定采用标准曲线法,建立了RP-HPLC法检测绵羊血浆中克洛素隆含量的方法.同时对绵羊单剂量静脉注射7 mg/kg克洛素隆的药代动力学进行了研究.血药浓度在0.005～2.0 μg/ml及2.0～50.0μg/ml范围呈良好线性关系(r=0.9941、0.9970),平均回收率93.2%,血药最低检测浓度0.005μg/ml,日内日间变异系数分别小于10%、11%.血药浓度结果经MCPKP药代动力学统计软件处理,体内药物运转符合三室开放模型,主要药物动力学参数t1/2γ=14.14 h,Kel=0.3260 h-1,AUC=153.95 mg/l@h,fc=0.055.结果表明克洛素隆静脉单次给药后体内分布较为广泛,持续作用时间长,主要通过肾脏排泄.  相似文献   

2.
应用 YWG-C1 8色谱柱 ( 2 5 0 mm× 4.6mm,5 μm) ,Waters TM486型可调波长紫外检测器 ,检测波长 2 65 nm;0 .0 1 M磷酸钾 ( p H=7.0 )∶乙腈 ( 3∶ 1 )为流动相 ;含量测定采用标准曲线法 ,建立了反相 HPLC法检测绵羊血浆中克洛素隆含量的方法。同时对绵羊以 7mg/ kg单剂量经静脉注射、口服 2种途径给药的药代动力学及生物利用度进行了研究。血药浓度在 0 .0 0 5～ 2 .0 μg/ ml及 2 .0～ 5 0 .0 μg/ ml范围呈良好线形关系 ( R=0 .9941、0 .9970 ) ,平均回收率 93 .2 %,血药最低检测限 0 .0 0 5 μg/ ml,日内日间变异系数分别小于 1 0 %、1 1 %。2种途径给药后血药浓度结果经 MCPKP药代动力学统计软件处理 ,体内药物运转分别符合三室开放模型和一室开放模型。结果表明 ,绵羊静注克洛素隆后体内药物分布广泛 ,口服后吸收较好 ,但消除较静注缓慢。  相似文献   

3.
研究了克洛素隆注射剂在绵羊体内的药物动力学过程。以邻甲苯磺酰胺为内标,建立应用RP-HPLC检测绵羊血浆中克洛素隆含量的方法,血浆浓度在0.01μg/mL~1.0μg/mL及1.0μg/mL~20.0μg/mL范围呈良好线性关系,方法回收率和精密度均能满足药物动力学分析的要求。结果表明,绵羊按4mg/kg单剂量皮下注射克洛素隆,体内药物运转符合二室开放模型。主要药物动力学参数分别为:t1/2Ka=1.355h±0.746h,t1/2β=17.924h±9.186h,tmax=3.181h±1.046h,Cmax=5.121μg/mL±0.997μg/mL,AUC=56.730(mg/L)·h±5.248(mg/L)·h。克洛素隆注射剂皮下注射吸收快,消除较慢,适于绵羊临床寄生虫病的防治。  相似文献   

4.
目的 建立止喘合剂中黄芩苷含量的测定方法.方法 色谱柱为Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-5.0%磷酸(60:40),流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为280 nm,柱温为25℃.结果 黄芩苷的线性范围为0.952 ～ 6.664 μg/ml,回归方程为y=48.13647x -9.74570(r =0.999 98),平均回收率为96.21%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.373 7% (n =6).结论 所建立方法 简单、专属性强、重现性好,可用于止喘合剂中黄芩苷的测定.  相似文献   

5.
建立了高效液相色谱法测定创伤愈合药喷雾剂中血竭素含量的方法。色谱柱为C18柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm),流动相乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液(50∶50),流速1.0 mL/min,柱温40℃,检测波长440 nm,血竭素在13.07～45.74μg/mL浓度范围内,峰面积与浓度线性关系良好(r=0.9997,n=6),平均加样回收率为98.29%,相对标准偏差为0.67%,血竭素的平均含量为0.01902 mg/mL。本研究所建立的含量测定方法简便、灵敏、准确、稳定,可用于创伤愈合药喷雾剂的质量控制。  相似文献   

6.
建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定白头翁汤中4味中药(白头翁、黄连、黄柏及秦皮)的6种成分含量的方法。采用安捷伦色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),以乙腈-1mg/mL磷酸水溶液为流动相进行线性梯度洗脱,检测波长205nm,流速0.8mL/min(白头翁皂苷B4)、检测波长335nm,流速1.0mL/min(盐酸小檗碱、盐酸药根碱、盐酸巴马汀、秦皮甲素和秦皮乙素)。秦皮甲素在1.04μg^6.24μg(r=0.9999)、秦皮乙素在0.92μg^5.52μg(r=0.9998)、盐酸药根碱在0.7μg^4.2μg(r=0.9987)、盐酸巴马汀在1.04μg^6.24μg(r=0.9978)、盐酸小檗碱在2.2μg^13.2μg(r=0.9979)、白头翁皂苷B4在5.5μg^33μg(r=0.9980)范围内线性关系良好。秦皮甲素、秦皮乙素、盐酸药根碱、盐酸巴马汀、盐酸小檗碱和白头翁皂苷B4的加样回收率分别98.74%、98.12%、97.90%、96.95%、97.43%和98.45%,RSD均在2.0%以下,秦皮甲素、秦皮乙素、盐酸药根碱、盐酸巴马汀、小檗碱和白头翁皂苷B4在白头翁汤供试品中的含量分别为0.7%、0.36%、0.12%、0.38%、8.26%和4.71%。所建立的方法重复性、线性及稳定性等良好,准确灵敏,可用于白头翁汤及相关制剂的质量控制。  相似文献   

7.
研究建立蜂蜜中氟哌酸残留量的反相离子对高效液相色谱测定方法.样品用水相提取,经C18固相萃取柱净化,在273 nm波长下用二极管矩阵检测器检测.色谱柱为Agilent ZORBOX SBC18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇/磷酸盐缓冲液(0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾)/四丁基溴化胺(0.05 mol/L)=24/73/3(V/V/V),用磷酸调节pH=2.75.流速1.0 ml/min.氟哌酸浓度在0.3～4.0μg/ml范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为81.3%～94.7%,变异系数为1.52%～3.31%,最低检测限为0.1μg/ml.本方法简便、快速、准确.  相似文献   

8.
建立芬苯达唑粉中芬苯达唑含量的高效液相色谱测定法.采用Agilent 5 HC-C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),以0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液:甲醇(20:80)为流动相,流速为1.0ml/min,检测波长为254nm.实验结果表明,芬苯达唑在1.096~43.840μg/ml范围内线性良好(r>0.99998),添加平均回收率为100.9%(n=6),RSD为0.27%.该方法简便、准确、可靠、重现性好,能够满足实际样品的检测要求.  相似文献   

9.
试验采用高效液相色谱法测定饲料样品中色氨酸的含量。样品经过处理后,用Agilent C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离样品,以0.008 5 mol/l的乙酸钠+甲醇=95+5为流动相;检测波长280 nm,流动相流速1.0 ml/min。结果表明,色氨酸在4.656~298μg/ml范围内,峰面积与其浓度线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),最低检测限为0.033 5μg/ml,两种饲料中色氨酸含量均在国标允许的误差范围内。方法准确、简便、快速,适用于色氨酸的含量测定。  相似文献   

10.
本实验选用8只健康家兔进行口服富铁酵母和硫酸亚铁的药物代谢动力学研究.试验采用双吡啶比色法测定血清铁浓度,药时数据经Mcpkp程序处理.家兔口服富铁酵母和硫酸亚铁的药时数据分别适合一室和二室开放模型,主要药代动力学参数(平均值),富铁酵母为Tmax=2.73 h,Cmax=1.60μg/ml,Ka=0.67 h-1,T1/2Ka=1.08 h,T/2aα=1.82 h,Kel=0.28 h-1,T/2Rβ=9.73 h;硫酸亚铁为Tmax=2.62 h,Cmax=1.41μg/ml,T1/2Ka =0.94h,Kel=0.24 h-1,T1/2K=3.05h.口服高铁酵母的生物利用度F(AUC富铁酵母/AUC硫酸亚铁)%=122%,高于硫酸亚铁,为其1.22倍,显示家兔口服富铁酵母要比硫酸亚铁好.  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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