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1.
将鸭肠炎病毒(DEV)强毒GZ株经腿部肌肉注射感染15日龄雏鸭后,应用建立的SYBRGreenⅠ荧光定量PCR方法检测病毒在雏鸭体内各组织的动态分布。结果显示,感染后3 h即可在肝、脾、脑、胸腺、肾和肺6种组织中检出病毒核酸;感染后6 h,除上述组织外还可在十二指肠和盲肠检测到;感染后10 h又可在胸肌和心肌等检测到。不同受检组织病毒核酸检出量有所不同,由高到低依次为脑、肝、脾、胸腺、肾、十二指肠、盲肠、肺、胸肌和心肌。为阐明DEV的致病机理提供了重要的试验数据。  相似文献   

2.
应用PCR检测成年鸭体内鸭瘟强毒的分布   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
鸭瘟病毒(DPV)强毒经人工接种和同居感染100日龄鸭后，应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测病毒在鸭体内各组织器官的动态分布。试验结果表明，DPV强毒经肌肉注射进入鸭体后6h可在肝、脾、血液和粪便中检测到DPV DNA；DPV强毒经肌肉注射到鸭体后各受检样品被检测到DPV DNA的先后顺序为：肝、脾、血液和直肠粪便(6h)→肺、脑和腿肌(12h)→肾和胸肌(24h)；同居鸭于混群后48h在肝、肺、血液和直肠粪便中检出DPV DNA；DPV强毒经同居感染鸭后各受检样品检测到DPV DNA的先后顺序为：肝、肺、血液和直肠粪便(48h)→脾和脑(72h)→胸肌和腿肌(96h)→肾(120h)。  相似文献   

3.
用鸭病毒性肠炎病毒（DEV）CHv强毒株感染成年鸭复制鸭病毒性肠炎急性病例,分别于接种后不同时间,取心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胸腺、食道、十二指肠、胰腺、法氏囊和脑组织,制作切片,应用间接免疫荧光染色法（IFA）检测DEV在鸭体内的侵染过程和分布规律。结果显示：感染后4 h可在脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊中检测到DEV抗原;感染后6 h可在肝脏、食道、十二指肠、直肠及肺脏检测到DEV抗原;IFA对各组织器官中DEV的平均检出率为肝脏46/50、脾脏48/50、肺脏46/50、肾脏0/50、肠道46/50、法氏囊46/50、胸腺47/50、胰腺0/50、大脑0/50、食道44/50、心脏0/50。研究表明：在急性病例中,脾脏、法氏囊、胸腺、食道、肠道、肝脏和肺脏为DEV的主要靶器官;接种后,病毒首先在脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊中出现,然后病毒迅速传播到肝脏、消化道和肺脏中;IFA检测石蜡切片中DEV的方法具有直观、特异性强的优点,是对DEV进行检测和抗原定位的较好方法。  相似文献   

4.
实时荧光定量PCR快速检测鸭病毒性肠炎标准方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
根据GenBank(登录号:EF417996)中鸭病毒性肠炎病毒U31基因的序列,设计了1对特异性引物及TaqMan探针,扩增片段长度为76 bp.以鸭病毒性肠炎弱毒疫苗株DNA为阳性标准品模板,建立了实时荧光定量PCR检测鸭病毒性肠炎病毒的方法.该方法能在鸭病毒性肠炎病毒DNA样本中检出荧光信号,定量范围为:2.1×109～2.1×100个拷贝数,最小检出量为2.1×100个拷贝;用该方法对人工感染试验的4只鸭组织器官、粪便、血液等样品重复测定3次,病毒模板DNA的检出率为100%,对鸭正常组织、巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、沙门菌和鸭病毒性肝炎、鹅源禽流感H5毒株、新城疫、小鹅瘟病毒等DNA检测不出现特异性荧光信号.经过重复性和实际临床样本检验证实,该方法真实可靠,而且从核酸提取到报告检测结果耗时不超过4 h,不仅实现了对鸭病毒性肠炎的快速诊断,也实现了对该病毒DNA由定性到定量的检测.  相似文献   

5.
《中国兽医学报》2017,(6):1050-1058
为研究不同周龄育成鸭对坦布苏病毒(tembusu virus,TMUV)的易感性,350只樱桃谷后备鸭随机分为14组,1~7组为试验组,分别于7,10,12,14,16,18和21周龄人工静脉接种TMUV-AHQY株病毒液1.265×105 ELD50/0.2mL,8~14组为对照组,于上述相应时间接种等体积的无菌磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)。攻毒后连续观察20d,每天采集咽喉和泄殖腔棉拭子,观察并记录发病情况。分别于攻毒后2,5,8,12,16和21d随机剖杀对照组和攻毒组鸭各4只,观察并记录感染鸭的症状和剖检变化。无菌采集心、肝、脾、肺、肾等内脏器官进行病理组织学、免疫组化研究,利用建立的荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测感染鸭的排毒规律和各组织中病毒载量。结果显示,7周龄组和21周龄组鸭感染TMUV后,部分鸭出现明显的症状,而其他周龄组鸭感染TMUV后症状不明显。剖检结果显示,7,18和21周龄组感染鸭呈现不同程度的脑膜充血、出血,心肌水肿、松软,肝、脾肿大、出血;病理组织学结果显示,脑小胶质细胞增生、内脏器官组织细胞肿胀、变性、坏死并伴有炎性细胞浸润,而14~16周龄感染鸭剖检变化和组织病变较轻微。免疫组化结果显示,7和21周龄组感染鸭组织中阳性细胞着色较深且分布广,而14和16周龄组感染鸭组织中阳性细胞较少;荧光定量RT-PCR结果显示,7,10和21周龄组感染鸭肾脏、肝脏、脑和卵巢中检测到的病毒拷贝数较多,而14和16周龄组感染鸭上述器官中检测到的病毒拷贝数较少;7和21周龄感染组泄殖腔和咽喉拭子检测到较高的病毒拷贝数,而14和16周龄组感染鸭拭子中检测的病毒量较少。TMUV对樱桃谷育成鸭的致病性与感染周龄存在部分相关性,7~10周龄、18~21周龄育成鸭对TMUV较易感,而14~16周龄育成鸭对TMUV的抵抗力较强。  相似文献   

6.
本试验旨在探讨不同毒力的鸭瘟病毒(DPV)感染对雏鸭INF-γ mRNA表达水平的影响,为DPV的感染与免疫机制提供理论依据。应用实时荧光定量PCR技术,对接种了鸭瘟强毒株和疫苗株的雏鸭肝脏及外周血淋巴细胞(PBL)中IFN-γ mRNA的表达水平及鸭瘟病毒(DPV)的荷载量进行动态定量监测。结果表明:①感染鸭瘟强毒后,IFN-γ mRNA 在肝脏中的表达没有明显规律,PBL中IFN-γ mRNA表达水平很高,在此期间(1~12 h),病毒DNA量很少。IFN-γ mRNA表达量在6 h后大幅下降,直到144 h都非常低,而病毒的载量逐渐增大,至144 h时达到峰值。②接种弱毒疫苗后,肝脏中IFN-γ mRNA表达水平较高且稳定,至12 h达到顶峰,约比对照高出8倍。PBL中IFN-γ mRNA表达量较低且不稳定。弱毒DNA荷载量稳定上升,但载量约比强毒低两个数量级。病毒DNA在PBL检测不到。IFN-γ在抵抗鸭瘟强毒中发挥了重要作用;IFN-γ在肝脏中高水平的表达可能是鸭瘟疫苗的免疫机制之一。  相似文献   

7.
本研究旨在探明鸭源新城疫病毒(NDV)通过人工感染后在种鸭生殖系统中分布。应用本实验室分离的一株经鸭胚传递的NDV SDFCH株,对42只无NDV感染的28周龄樱桃谷种鸭进行人工感染试验,试验分母鸭接种强毒组,公鸭接种强毒组和对照组。强毒接种4 d后,每隔2 d每组各迫杀2只,采集母鸭卵巢、卵泡、输卵管组织,公鸭采集睾丸、输精管进行病毒分离鉴定,并利用RT-PCR方法进行病毒F基因的扩增与同源性分析。同时,以NDV F蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb)为一抗,建立间接免疫荧光检测方法检测输卵管组织中NDV及病毒在输卵管的分布情况。结果表明采用RT-PCR方法能够在种鸭生殖系统各个组织中检测并重新分离到NDV;输卵管子宫部和蛋白分泌部纤毛柱状上皮的纤毛细胞和分泌细胞内有阳性荧光信号存在。结果表明人工感染的种鸭卵巢、卵泡、睾丸、输精管以及输卵管子宫部和蛋白分泌部纤毛柱状上皮的纤毛细胞和分泌细胞中均有NDV分布,病毒能否随蛋白分泌、精液的排泄进入种蛋传递给雏鸭还有待于进一步研究。  相似文献   

8.
SYBR Green Ⅰ实时定量PCR快速检测鸭瘟病毒的研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
根据GenBank中鸭瘟病毒(DPV)UL6和UL7基因的保守序列,设计了一对特异性引物,扩增位于UL6和UL7基因第891～991位长度为101bp片断。以DPV标准强毒株DNA为模板,建立了SYBRGreenⅠ实时荧光定量PCR检测鸭瘟病毒的方法,用该方法检测鸭瘟标准强毒、疫苗毒及野毒株均为阳性,检测其他受试的非鸭瘟病毒DNA均为阴性,对鸭瘟强毒和疫苗毒人工感染鸭胚尿囊液的检出率均为100%,对6个临床送检样本的检出率为6/6,与病毒分离鉴定结果一致;最小检出量为1.57×104拷贝/ul。  相似文献   

9.
根据鸭副黏病毒(DPMV)和鸭圆环病毒(DuCV)保守基因序列,设计了2对针对鸭副黏病毒和鸭圆环病毒的特异性引物和2条不同荧光基团标记的TaqMan探针,建立了鸭副黏病毒和鸭圆环病毒的二重荧光定量PCR检测方法。该方法敏感性好,对鸭副黏病毒和鸭圆环病毒的检测敏感性分别达到160和140个拷贝数;该方法特异性强,对鸭肝炎病毒、番鸭细小病毒、鸭瘟病毒和H9型禽流感病毒等病原体的检测全为阴性;应用该方法对118份临床病料进行检测,结果检出鸭副黏病毒和鸭圆环病毒阳性感染率分别为0.85%和8.47%,无混合感染。本试验建立的二重荧光定量PCR具有快速、特异、敏感和重复性好等优点,适用于鸭副黏病毒和鸭圆环病毒的快速诊断和监测。  相似文献   

10.
根据基因库中鸭瘟病毒强毒株和弱毒株UL2基因保守区设计特异性引物,优化PCR反应的引物浓度和退火温度等,初步建立了可同时鉴别鸭瘟病毒强毒株和弱毒株的PCR检测方法,并对建立的方法进行了敏感性、特异性验证和临床样品检测。该PCR检测方法最低能检出1pg的鸭瘟病毒强毒和弱毒DNA模板。对鸭瘟病毒强毒和弱毒模板的检测,得到了与试验设计相符的827bp(强毒)和299bp(弱毒)的扩增条带,而对鸭副黏病毒、鸭坦布苏病毒、鸭圆环病毒、番鸭细小病毒、鸭Ⅰ型肝炎病毒、禽流感病毒和小鹅瘟病毒等病原体的检测均为阴性。说明建立了一种敏感性高、特异性好的鉴别鸭瘟病毒强毒和弱毒的PCR检测方法。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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