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饲料粉碎粒度与饲料营养价值和动物生产性能的关系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文主要综述了饲料粉碎粒度对猪、禽生产性能,营养物质消化率以及对饲料加工、胃肠道形态学的影响,并建议了主要养殖动物适宜的粉碎粒度。 相似文献
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猪饲料颗粒大小及其对猪生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
韩浩月 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2016,(9):14-17
猪饲料的颗粒大小有二种表示方法:包括饲料颗粒直径和饲料粉碎粒度(原料的粉碎程度)。饲料粉碎粒度是影响饲料品质的重要因素,进而会影响猪的生产性能。 相似文献
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在饲料生产过程中 ,常需对谷物饲料及其他饲料原料进行粉碎加工 ,主要目的是增加饲料在胃肠道中与消化液接触的表面积 ,使饲料更容易被消化。但是 ,如果饲料粒度过细则会产生相反作用 ,主要表现在两个方面 :一是由于饲料加工机械磨损加快 ,使生产成本提高 ;二是容易引起猪的胃病 ,影响生产性能。因此 ,合理地选择饲料的粉碎粒度 ,使之既经济又有利于家畜的健康。美国堪萨斯州的专家研究了不同饲料粉碎粒度对母猪生产性能的影响。试验选用了玉米—豆饼型日粮 ,玉米的粉碎粒度分别为 12 0 0、90 0、6 0 0、4 0 0 μｍ4个规格。试验时把 10 0头… 相似文献
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加工工艺过程对饲料养分及动物生产性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
饲料在加工过程中会发生一系列物理、化学变化,从而影响饲料中各种营养成分的利用率,以及动物的生产性能。研究表明,饲料粉碎粒度家禽以800μm为宜,仔猪而言谷物的适宜的粉碎粒度为50Oμm,肥育猪600μm,母猪40Oμm左右。混合均匀度不同的饲料,对猪生产性能有影响,饲料制粒对改善饲料品质,提高饲料转化率,消灭有害菌（如：大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌等）有作用,但同时也破坏了一些营养成分。 相似文献
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文章旨在评估饲料加工方式对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化及胴体性状的影响。试验将896头13周龄平均体重为42.77 kg的商品肥猪随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复28头。试验采用2×2因子设计,即2种饲料形式（粉料和颗粒料）及原料粉碎粒度（500和1000 μm）,整个试验为期8周。结果：粉料组育肥猪平均日采食量和料重比较颗粒料显著提高3.77%和3.68%（P＜0.05）,同时500 μm粒度组育肥猪日增重较1000 μm显著提高5.48%（P＜0.05）,但料重比显著降低6.29%（P＜0.05）。饲料形式和粉碎粒度对育肥猪平均日增重、采食量和料重比的影响均无显著交互效应（P＞0.05）。颗粒料组育肥猪粗脂肪表观消化率较粉料组显著提高3.18%（P＜0.05）,但粉碎粒度及饲料形式和粉碎粒度的交互作用对粗脂肪表观消化率的影响均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。饲料形式和粉碎粒度及其交互作用对育肥猪干物质、粗蛋白质、氮排泄和氮沉积的影响均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。饲料颗粒形式和粉碎粒度及其交互效应对育肥猪屠宰率、背膘厚度、胃肠道、腿肌和腰肌的影响均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。结论：在本试验条件下,饲料颗粒形式及原料粉碎粒度对育肥猪胴体性状无负面影响,但采用颗粒料饲喂育肥猪可提高饲料效率及粗脂肪表观消化率,原料粉碎粒度为500 μm时可提高日增重和饲料效率。
[关键词]加工方式|育肥猪|生长性能|养分消化|胴体性状 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献