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1.
嗜水气单胞菌不同分离株生化特性及胞外蛋白酶的检测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
嗜水气单胞菌可引起多种宿主患病,该菌致病性与其产生的多种毒力因子特别是胞外蛋白酶有关。本研究检测了26株嗜水气单胞菌不同分离株的生化指标,采用脱脂乳平板法检测了胞外蛋白酶的产生情况,并利用PCR技术检测了2种胞外蛋白酶基因ahp-A(编码丝氨酸胞外蛋白酶)和eprCAI(编码温敏胞外蛋白酶)。结果表明,大部分菌株生化指标表现为蔗糖(+)、阿拉伯糖(+)、葡萄糖(+)、甘露醇(+)、鸟氨酸脱羧酶(-)、肌醇(-)、七叶苷(+);脱脂乳平板法检测发现,91.7%(22/24)的致病菌株均能产生胞外蛋白酶,而2株无毒株则不能产生,对2个胞外蛋白酶基因的检测也得到相似的结果。本研究将为嗜水气单胞菌的流行病学调查和致病机制的深入研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

2.
根据嗜水气单胞菌的溶血素(Hly A)、外膜蛋白(Omps)及丝氨酸蛋白酶(Ahp A)基因,分别设计3对特异性引物。通过3重PCR法对三对基因进行克隆与生物信息学分析。溶血素、外膜蛋白及丝氨酸蛋白酶基因的开放阅读框分别为1 863 bp、1 071 bp及894 bp,分别编码621、357及298个氨基酸。同时,对其氨基酸序列进行系统进化树构建、蛋白理化性质分析、蛋白信号区域和结构区域分析、蛋白二级结构预测、蛋白三级结构预测及蛋白免疫原性分析。本研究对大鲵源致病性嗜水气单胞菌主要毒力基因进行生物信息学分析,为进一步研究嗜水气单胞菌保护性抗原多样性而提供理论基础。  相似文献   

3.
本试验根据GenBank已登录的致病性嗜水气单胞菌保守序列16S rDNA和Aero,设计2对引物,以嗜水气单胞菌纯培养物为起始材料,建立PCR检测方法。从12株分离物中均扩增到16S rDNA片段,从3株分离物中均扩增到Aero片段,经序列测定和分析,所扩增的片段均为嗜水气单胞菌的核苷酸序列。结果表明,建立的PCR方法可用于检测致病性嗜水气单胞菌。  相似文献   

4.
为了研究嗜水气单胞菌重组弹性蛋白酶的酶学性质,试验根据GenBank中的嗜水气单胞菌弹性蛋白酶基因ahyB设计1对含酶切位点的特异引物,以嗜水气单胞菌J-1(AhJ-1)株为模板,经PCR扩增得到不含信号肽的成熟弹性蛋白酶基因片段(787 bp),并与pMD18-T载体连接、测序,再用DNAStar软件分析。结果表明:该基因片段与豚鼠气单胞菌胞外蛋白酶同源性高达95%,与嗜水气单胞菌AG2株弹性蛋白酶ahyB基因同源性为92%,与铜绿假单胞菌LasB基因同源性为82%;将PCR产物连入表达载体pET-32a,转化至大肠杆菌BL21菌株中进行诱导表达,出现50 ku的融合表达蛋白,该表达产物纯化复性后表现出酶的活性。  相似文献   

5.
为了研究嗜水气单胞菌重组弹性蛋白酶的酶学性质,试验根据GenBank中的嗜水气单胞菌弹性蛋白酶基因ahyB设计1对含酶切位点的特异引物,以嗜水气单胞菌J-1(AhJ-1)株为模板,经PCR扩增得到不含信号肽的成熟弹性蛋白酶基因片段(787 bp),并与pMD18-T载体连接、测序,再用DNAStar软件分析.结果表明:...  相似文献   

6.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(2):256-264
以嗜水气单胞菌促旋酶B亚单位(gyrase subunit B,gyrB)基因为检测靶标,设计6条特异性引物和1条异硫氰酸荧光素(fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)标记探针,建立了嗜水气单胞菌的LAMP-LFD快速检测方法。该方法的流程可简单概括为将生物素标记的环介导等温扩增(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)产物与FITC标记的探针进行特异性杂交,并使用横向流动试纸条(lateral flow dipstick,LFD)完成检测。经优化,LAMP最佳反应条件为63℃,反应30min,从LAMP扩增到LFD结果判读仅需40min,比常规PCR检测缩短近2h。试验结果表明,LAMP-LFD可特异性检出嗜水气单胞菌,对鳗弧菌等常见水产或食源性病原菌检测结果为阴性;其针对细菌纯培养物的检测灵敏度达2.03×101 CFU/mL或0.81CFU/反应,是常规PCR(以F3/B3为引物)的100倍;可从人工污染1×102 CFU/mL浓度的嗜水气单胞菌的鲫鱼肝组织匀浆样品中检测到细菌。嗜水气单胞菌(106 CFU)人工感染鲫鱼24h,传统的细菌分离培养方法可获得肝、肾的载菌量分别为1.2×105 CFU/g和6×103 CFU/g;利用LAMP-LFD技术可成功从鲫鱼的肝、肾组织中检测出该病原;以F3/B3为引物的PCR方法仅能从感染鲫鱼的肝组织中检测到该病原菌,表明面对实际感染样品,LAMP-LFD的检测灵敏度优于PCR方法。因此,该方法可快速、灵敏、特异地检测出嗜水气单胞菌,而且操作简单,仪器设备依赖性低,有望成为嗜水气单胞菌现场检测的常规技术手段。  相似文献   

7.
致病性嗜水气单胞菌气溶素基因PCR检测方法的建立   总被引：21，自引：2，他引：19  
根据我国致病性嗜水气单胞菌分离株AH－78－2气溶素（Aer）基因保守区的测序结果，设计2对引物，建立了检测嗜水气单胸菌的PCR方法，通过对20株嗜水气单胞菌，12株相关菌株及157份送检病料的检测，并与SPA－CoA检测结果对照表明，PCR方法具有较高的敏感性和特异性，可检测最低100cfu的细菌，该方法的建立为致病性嗜水气单胸菌的检测提供了一种简便，快速的新途径，以我国分离株的序列设计引物使该法具有更强的针对性。  相似文献   

8.
为了解嗜水气单胞菌的肉鸭健康带毒、致病与耐药情况,对贵州省三穗县某肉鸭屠宰场临床健康肉鸭随机取样,进行嗜水气单胞菌的分离鉴定、毒力基因检测及耐药性分析。结果显示,分离菌具有嗜水气单胞菌典型的培养特征,菌落形态、菌体形态和生化特性均与嗜水气单胞菌相符;16 S rRNA基因序列系统进化树显示,该分离菌与嗜水气单胞菌聚为一支,同源性均>99%;动物回归试验显示,该分离菌对小鼠有较强的致病性;毒力基因PCR检测显示,该分离菌携带aer、hly、epa、act、alt和ahp等6种毒力基因;药敏试验结果显示,该分离菌对复方新诺明、磺胺嘧啶、环丙沙星和诺氟沙星等15种药物耐药;耐药基因PCR检测显示,该分离菌携带qnrB、Sul1和IntI1等3种耐药基因,与药敏试验表型相符。研究结果为嗜水气单胞菌的生物学特性研究及防控提供参考依据。  相似文献   

9.
根据GenBank上登陆的嗜水气单胞菌AH-1株Ⅲ型分泌系统aopN基因序列,设计1对特异性引物,以J-1株的基因组为模板,PCR扩增得到aopN基因,连入pET-32a(+),转化至大肠杆菌表达,同时PCR检测aopN基因在66株嗜水气单胞菌中的分布情况。aopN基因测序分析发现,片段长度为874 bp,与嗜水气单胞菌AH-1、SSU、AH-3的同源性分别为97%、81%、82%,与杀鲑气单胞菌杀鲑亚种A449的同源性为81%,与温和气单胞菌的同源性为82%。PCR检测结果表明,57株能检测到aopN基因的目的片段。SDS-PAGE分析表明重组蛋白分子量为54.5ku,用兔抗J-1株的全菌抗血清进行Western blot分析表明,该蛋白具有较好的免疫反应性。由于多数菌株都含有aopN基因,提示AopN可能是嗜水气单胞菌的共同保护性抗原。  相似文献   

10.
应用间接荧光抗体法检测鱼类嗜水气单胞菌的试验研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
作者制备了鱼类嗜水气单胞菌（AH）－77株兔抗血清,建立了应用间接荧光抗体试验（IFA）检测鱼类嗜水气单胞菌病原的方法。该法能有效地检测人工感染鳟鱼体内的嗜水气单胞菌病原体,对杀鲑气单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、爱德华氏菌不发生交叉反应。整个过程可在2．5h内完成,是一种有前途的鱼类嗜水气单胞菌快速诊断方法。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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