共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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以β-环糊精为壁材,采用单因素试验和Box-Behnken试验对超声法制备肉豆蔻油微胶囊的工艺进行了优化。试验结果表明:最佳工艺条件为壁材芯材比11.3g/g、包埋温度55℃和包埋时间79min,在此条件下实际包埋率为81.01%,与模型预测值80.31%之间具有较好的拟合性;在3个因素中,壁材芯材比对包埋率的影响极显著,包埋温度和包埋时间影响显著。该方法简单可行,是一种制备肉豆蔻油微胶囊的较好方法。 相似文献
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《现代农业装备》2021,42(4):48-54
为提高藻油的微胶囊化效率和抗氧化性能,以富含DHA的藻油为试验原料,将包埋率作为评价指标,以壁材(麦芽糊精+卵磷脂)、壁材、藻油比例及高压均质为影响因素进行响应面设计,优化藻油微胶囊粉制备工艺。结果表明,适宜的微胶囊化条件为麦芽糊精∶卵磷脂为20∶1、壁材∶藻油为7.5∶1.0、高压均质压力为850 bar,该条件下包埋率为88.72%。藻油微胶囊粉制备过程中,高压均质处理可显著提高乳状液的乳析指数,从而提升藻油包埋率,改善微胶囊粉的质量特性。经高压均质处理的藻油微胶囊粉的氧化稳定性优于非高压均质样品,加速氧化20 d后POV值仅为原藻油的三分之一,说明高压均质可赋予产品更好贮藏品质。 相似文献
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以明胶+麦芽糊精+葡萄糖（1∶1∶1）为复合壁材制备益生菌微胶囊,以包埋率为指标,对包埋时间、壁芯比、温度以及磁力搅拌转速等主要因素进行了研究。通过单因素试验与正交试验得到最佳工艺条件:温度35 ℃,转速250 rmin,壁芯比12∶1,时间60 min,此条件下,包埋率92.97%。电镜扫描显示,该微胶囊呈不规则片状,且绝大部分的活菌都被包埋在微胶囊的内部。以明胶代替乳清分离蛋白为壁材制备微胶囊,可显著降低微胶囊的吸湿性,提高微胶囊的耐贮性;微胶囊显著提高了活菌耐受胃酸与胆汁的能力,且对肠内溶解性无显著影响。 相似文献
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β-胡萝卜素作为重要的生物活性物质,其稳定性差、生物利用率低,极大限制了其在食品领域的应用。以大豆分离蛋白为水相,以玉米油为油相,通过添加壳聚糖、海藻酸钠制备多层乳液,与Ca2+交联制备运载β-胡萝卜素凝胶微球。通过粒径、ζ-电位、乳化稳定性、界面蛋白吸附量、β-胡萝卜素包埋率等指标和扫描电镜观察、红外光谱分析、体外释放动力学实验,研究了壳聚糖、海藻酸钠质量分数对乳液稳定特性及β-胡萝卜素凝胶微球释放特性的影响。结果表明,当壳聚糖质量分数为2.0%时,形成的双层乳液稳定性最好,对β-胡萝卜素的包埋率最高,达(64.82±0.31)%;当海藻酸钠质量分数达到2.0%时,形成的三层乳液对β-胡萝卜素包埋率最高,达到(86.75±2.00)%。红外光谱分析表明,凝胶微球中海藻酸钠与壳聚糖发生了静电相互作用;扫描电镜观察表明,干燥的凝胶微球呈球形,且随海藻酸钠质量分数的增加,凝胶微球的结构变得更加紧密;体外释放实验证明,凝胶珠微球具有持续性释放的功能,乳液凝胶微球可作为β-胡萝卜素一种良好的缓释体系。 相似文献
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温室蓄热微胶囊相变材料制备筛选与性能表征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为实现日光温室相变集热,研制可用于制备潜热型功能热流体的微胶囊相变材料,以硬脂酸丁酯、相变石蜡为芯材,蜜胺树脂、聚脲树脂和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壁材制备了3种不同壁材相变微胶囊进行实验,并通过红外光谱分析、电镜扫描、热失重和热效应测试等对制得的微胶囊相变材料的理化性质进行了表征。结果证明,3种壁材微胶囊相变材料中,蜜胺树脂微胶囊的成球效果最佳:颗粒囊壁光滑致密;胶囊粒径在1μm左右,分布集中均匀,胶囊团粒平均粒径为75.15μm;微胶囊颗粒耐热温度大于100℃,满足温室应用要求;热失重剩余率超过50%,远大于聚脲树脂微胶囊和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微胶囊,热稳定性相对较高。因此,蜜胺树脂壁材的微胶囊可以作为制备相变微胶囊悬浮液的材料,日光温室集热系统中利用其作为液态换热介质进行太阳能辐射热的收集、输送与释放是可行的。 相似文献
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蛋白酶微胶囊制备工艺及在干酪成熟中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以明胶和阿拉伯胶为壁材,通过Box-Behnken设计响应面优化试验,采用冷冻干燥工艺制备蛋白酶微胶囊.将微胶囊添加到干酪中,测定pH 4.6可溶性氮总氮比、水溶性氮总氮比以及12%TCA可溶性氮总氮比,同时进行质构、SDS-PAGE、SEM分析.结果表明:明胶质量分数为3.8%、阿拉伯胶质量分数为3.7%、芯材添加量为6.4 mg/(100 mL)时蛋白酶微胶囊化效率达到93.4%;干酪中应用该微胶囊后使pH 4.6可溶性氮总氮比、水溶性氮总氮比以及12%TCA可溶性氮总氮比增加,酪蛋白逐渐被降解为小肽且质地改善,干酪成熟60 d后蛋白质微观结构破坏. 相似文献
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山核桃油的提取工艺及其特性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对乙醚浸提法提取山核桃油的工艺条件进行了试验。结果表明：液料比大于4mL／g、提取温度为55～65℃、提取时间2．5h，山核桃油的提取率较高。在单因素试验的基础上用正交试验得出优化工艺条件为：液料比为5mL／g、温度65℃、时间2．5h，在该条件下山核桃油的提取率为98．17％。油脂的理化指标为：碘价92．20g／100g、折光指数n^20 1．471 0、相对密度毒δ^20．9056、酸价0．750mg／g。采用气相色谱-质谱分析仪对油脂的脂肪酸组成及含量进行了测定，结果表明，不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为91．51％，其中油酸和亚油酸质量分数为91．13％。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究在正常使用条件下１０Ｗ／３０－ＱＣ级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数ｍ之最佳线性无偏估计（ＢＬＵＥ）同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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赵国杰 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(4):106-107
乡（镇）农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡（镇）农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。 相似文献
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苑庆刚 《农业机械化与电气化》2010,(3):52-54
草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献