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1.
莱芜猪脂肪代谢酶活性的发育性变化及其对肌内脂肪沉积的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
以40~90 kg 6个体重阶段莱芜猪和新莱芜猪共72头为试验对象,研究了不同组织中脂肪代谢酶活性的发育性变化规律及其与肌内脂肪含量、背膘厚的关系。结果表明:(1)在生长期随着体重的增大,肌肉组织中脂肪合成酶异柠檬酸脱氢酶(ICDH)活性显著高于苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)活性(P<0.01);ICDH活性在60~70 kg时达到峰值,而后开始下降,MDH活性规律不明显;脂肪分解酶激素敏感脂酶(HSL)的活性先降后升,70~80 kg时活性最高。(2)背膘中合成酶MDH活性显著高于ICDH活性(P<0.01);MDH和ICDH活性都是先降后升,但总体升降幅度不大;HSL活性40~50 kg基本稳定,而后逐步增强。(3)肝脏组织中合成酶ICDH活性显著高于MDH活性(P<0.01);ICDH、MDH活性逐渐升高,至60 kg以后其活性趋于稳定,脂肪分解酶HSL活性的发育性变化规律不明显。(4)肌肉组织中的MDH、HSL活性与肌内脂肪含量呈极显著相关(P<0.01);肝脏组织中的MDHI、CDH与肌内脂肪含量呈显著正相关,ICDH还与背膘厚呈极显著正相关;背膘组织中的MDH、HSL与背膘厚呈极显著相关(P<0.01)。研究结果提示:肌内脂肪的沉积与背膘脂肪的沉积既存在一定的内在联系(通过肝脏),又具有一定的独立性,通过选择肌肉组织中脂肪代谢酶活性,在不显著影响皮下脂肪沉积量的前提下可望提高肌内脂肪的沉积量。 相似文献
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为了研究长白山野猪与杜洛克猪杂交1代猪肌内脂肪代谢酶激素敏感脂酶（hormone-sensitive lipase,HSL）和苹果酸脱氢酶（malate dehydrogenase,MDH）活性的发育性变化规律及其对肌内脂肪沉积的影响,试验以5个体重组（20、35、50、70和90 kg）的长白山野猪与杜洛克猪的杂交1代猪（简称野杜F1代猪,各40头,公、母各半）为研究对象,研究了肌肉组织中脂肪代谢酶活性的发育性变化规律与肌内脂肪含量和肌肉嫩度的关系。结果表明,在生长期随着体重的增加,肌肉组织中HSL和MDH的活性差异显著（P<0.05）,野杜F1代猪HSL活性均高于莱芜黑猪的活性（90 kg除外）,且在35 kg时,野杜F1代猪和莱芜黑猪差异极显著（P<0.01）;肌肉组织中的MDH活性变化,野杜F1代猪呈先升后降的趋势,活性最高点在70 kg;在90 kg时野杜F1代猪中MDH活性极显著低于莱芜黑猪（P<0.01）。不同体重阶段,肌肉嫩度差异显著（P<0.05）,且随着体重的增加而呈不断升高的趋势。相关分析结果表明,野杜F1代猪90 kg时肌肉组织中MDH活性与肌内脂肪含量呈极显著正相关（r=0.97,P<0.01）,HSL和MDH的活性与肌肉嫩度呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。研究结果提示,肌肉组织中的HSL和MDH对肌内脂肪的沉积量有一定的影响,可以通过控制其活性调节肌内脂肪的含量,且肌内脂肪的沉积量与肌肉嫩度有一定的联系。 相似文献
3.
大蒲莲猪生长肥育性能和胴体及肉品质研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
测定了山东省优良地方猪种大蒲莲猪的生长肥育性能、胴体品质和肉质特性。结果表明,试验猪25～90kg阶段平均日增重461．01g,料重比3．84;屠宰体重95．67kg,胴体瘦肉率42．24％;肉质优良,肉色和大理石纹评分分别为4．14、4．02,pH1为6．57,滴水损失较低为1．09％,肌内脂肪含量高为7．60％;大蒲莲猪每100g背最长肌胱氨酸含量较高,-9腰大肌差异极显著;必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量比例以腰大肌较高为41．23％,与背最长肌差异极显著;棕榈酸、油酸、肌内脂肪和干物质都以背最长肌含量较高,分别比腰大肌提高4．80％（P〈0．05）、21．71％（P〈0．01）、256．81％（P〈0．01）和15．29％（P〈0．01）;硬脂酸和亚油酸以腰大肌含量较高,分别比背最长肌高20．91％（P〈0．01）和68．23％（P〈0．01）。 相似文献
4.
研究测定了莱芜猪与鲁育大约克猪杂交后代的生长性能、胴体性能、肉质性状及背最长肌、腰大肌氨基酸、脂肪酸含量。结果表明,试验猪生长速度快,饲料报酬较高,30～100kg日增重663．89g,料重比3．34。宰前活重101．78kg,胴体瘦肉率50．94％,肉色3．83、大理石纹3．75,pH5．97,肌内脂肪3．68％。每100g背最长肌、腰大肌氨基酸含量差异不显著。硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、蛋白质和干物质含量差异显著。硬脂酸和亚油酸含量以腰大肌较高,分别比背最长肌提高6．34％（P〈0．05）和133．08％（P〈0．05）,油酸、蛋白质和干物质以背最长肌含量较高,分别比腰大肌提高19．40％（P〈0．05）、8．01％（P〈0．05）和10．49％（P〈0．05）。 相似文献
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台美系杜洛克种猪测定初报 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
选取台系、美系、台美系杜洛克514头进行测定且校正至100kg日龄和背膘厚，两亲本达100kg日龄，美系比台系少6．4天（P＜0．01），台美系比对照组（台系、美系）少3．5天（P＜0．01）；达100kg背膘厚，台系比美系少0．2mm(P＞0．05），台美系比对照组少0．15mm(P＞0．05）。比较说明，美系有生长优势，台系膘薄，杂交后代达100kgt日龄较对照组下降1．99％，且有显著差异（P＜0．01）；达100kg背膘较对照组下降0．9％，但差异不显著（P＞0．05）；同时用台系改良美系观察杂交后代生活力强。 相似文献
8.
试验首先建立了30日龄猪皮下脂肪和背最长肌组织块体外培养体系,共设2个处理,处理1为阴性对照（添加0.1mmol/L牛血清白蛋白,BSA）,处理2添加100μmol/L的t10,c12-CLA,每个处理设6个平行,接种时即加入BSA与t10,c12-CLA进行处理至第10天,试验结束后收集细胞保存备用。采用荧光定量PCR技术及试剂盒检测研究t10,c12-CLA对猪皮下和背最长肌脂肪代谢关键酶（FAS、ME、LPL、HSL）和激素（INSR、GHR）及甘油三酯（TG）合成的影响。结果表明：①100μmol/Lt10,c12-CLA显著降低了猪皮下脂肪TG含量并提高了猪背最长肌的TG含量（P〈0.05）;②100μmol/Lt10,c12-CLA显著抑制了猪皮下脂肪FAS、INSR与背最长肌HSL和LPL的基因表达,促进了猪皮下脂肪HSL和背最长肌INSR的基因表达（P〈0.05）;③该研究结果从脂肪代谢关键酶类与调控激素方面揭示了t10,c12-CLA对猪皮下和背最长肌组织脂肪代谢与沉积的差异性调控机制,进一步证实了t10,c12-CLA抑制猪皮下脂肪沉积同时提高肌内脂肪含量。 相似文献
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日粮能量水平对生长育肥猪肌内脂肪含量以及脂肪酸合成酶和激素敏感脂酶mRNA表达的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选择初始体重约20.7 kg的长白×荣昌杂交猪72头,随机分为3组,研究日粮能量水平对肥育猪肌内脂肪含量的影响及其与脂肪酸合成酶和激素敏感脂酶mRNA表达的关系。日粮的消化能分别为11.75 MJ/kg(低能组)、13.05 MJ/kg(中能组)、14.36 MJ/kg(高能组)。试验猪体重达到100 kg时,进行屠宰。结果表明:①提高日粮能量水平,对猪的日增重、日采食量没有显著影响(P>0.05),但提高了饲料转化率(P<0.05),缩短了育肥时间(P<0.05),增加了背膘厚、外周脂肪和肌内脂肪含量(P<0.05);②14.36 MJ/kg的能量水平提高了背膘中脂肪酸合成酶mRNA的表达(P<0.05),降低了激素敏感脂酶mRNA的表达,从而增加了背膘中肌内脂肪酸合成酶与激素敏感脂酶mRNA的比值;③日粮能量水平与肌内脂肪含量、脂肪酸合成酶mRNA丰度以及脂肪酸合成酶与激素敏感脂酶mRNA的比值呈显著正相关(P<0.05),脂肪酸合成酶与激素敏感脂酶mRNA比值和肌内脂肪含量也呈显著正相关(P<0.05),激素敏感脂酶mRNA表达量与能量水平呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与肌内脂肪含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。本研究表明,提高日粮能量水平能增加脂肪沉积;能量水平影响脂肪(尤其是肌内脂肪)沉积可能是通过调节脂肪酸合成酶和激素敏感脂酶两种酶mRNA表达量实现的,而不是单独调节其中之一实现的。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
18.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献