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《养猪》2017,(1)
为了解济宁地区猪布鲁氏菌病的感染状态,从该地区随机选择5个猪场,采集600份血液样本,以上猪场均未免疫猪布鲁氏菌病疫苗。先用布病虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)筛选,再用试管凝集试验(SAT)和ELISA(酶联免疫吸附试验)复核。结果表明,虎红平板凝集试验共检出阳性血清样本13例,阳性率为2.17%;试管凝集试验检出阳性血清样本12例,阳性率为2.00%,与虎红平板凝集试验符合率为92%;ELISA试剂盒检出阳性血清10例,阳性率为1.67%,与虎红平板凝集试验符合率为77%。结论为:济宁地区的猪场存在布病感染,种猪的阳性率最高,其次是肥育猪和仔猪,并且在3种检测方法中,RBPT最敏感,而ELISA特异性最好。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(7):113-114
旨在比较奶牛布氏杆菌病3种血清学检测方法,为临床根据实际检测情况选择不同检测方法提供参考。对420头奶牛血清样品用虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)3种方法进行布病抗体检测,比较总符合率、假阴性、阳性率及敏感性和特异性。结果:RBT、SAT、ELISA 3种检测方法的总符合率高达到90%以上;以SAT作为判定标准,ELISA检测结果的假阴性率(7.1%)和假阳性率(1.3%)均低于RBT检测结果的假阴性率(14.3%)和假阳性率(3.1%),而ELISA的敏感性(92.3%)和特异性(98.7%)均高于RBT的敏感性(85.7%)和特异性(96.9%)。临床工作中使用RBT或者ELISA进行初步筛选,SAT进行复核确诊,2种或2种以上的检测方法联合运用结果较为理想。 相似文献
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为比较常规和改良虎红平板凝集试验（RBPT）的羊布鲁氏菌病检测效果,对239份免疫、非免疫场绵羊和阴性绵羊血清进行检测,并通过竞争ELISA试验（cELISA）和试管凝集试验（SAT）进行确诊。结果显示：常规RBPT检测非免疫血清的敏感性为68.85%,特异性为93.55%,与cELISA的符合率为77.17%;检测免疫羊血清的敏感性为75.81%,特异性为73.33%,与cELISA的符合率为75.00%。改良RBPT检测非免疫羊血清的敏感性为91.80%,特异性为70.97%,与cELISA的符合率为84.78%;检测免疫羊血清的敏感性为98.39%,特异性为10%,与cELISA的符合率为69.57%。两种RBPT和cELISA的阴性血清检测结果全部为阴性,符合率为100%。结果表明：改良RBPT法的敏感性要高于常规RBPT法,可以在阳性羊群中筛选到更多抗体效价较低的早期感染动物。但其特异性有一定程度的降低,必须结合SAT、cELISA等特异性高的方法进行确诊。本研究为羊布鲁氏菌病检测方法的选择提供了参考。 相似文献
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选用国标等同阳性血清,对虎红抗原进行质控,经三次重复试验,最终选定稀释度为1/45时反应阳性,1/55时反应阴性。ELISA试剂盒质控选择国标等同阳性血清,稀释度为1/16时反应阳性,1/64时反应阴性。利用虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)和抗体竞争ELISA试验三种方法,对甘肃省河西地区4个奶牛场共计1167份奶牛血清进行了检测,结果表明:三种试验方法的符合率分别为:抗体竞争ELISA试验与虎红平板凝集试验符合率为52.7%,与试管凝集试验符合率为34%。虎红平板凝集试验与试管凝集试验符合率为72.1%。抗体竞争ELISA试验方法最为敏感。 相似文献
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采用琥红平板凝集试验(RBPT)与试管凝集试验(SAT)方法,对2011年4月新疆北疆地区A、B两个规模牛群布氏杆菌病进行检测,阳性率分别为0和6.8%。相隔25 d后对阳性牛再用试管凝集试验方法进行复查,2次试验结果一致率93%。30 d后对受威胁牛再次进行全群布病复检,阳性率为1.06%。通过调查,流产牛中的布病感染率45.1%。 相似文献
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补体结合酶联免疫吸附试验方法的建立 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为改进免疫学诊断技术的准确性,研究了一种基于补体结合的免疫学检测新技术———补体结合酶联免疫吸附试验（CF-ELISA）。CF-ELISA技术采用酶标记抗菊糖纯化豚鼠补体C3抗体及其酶显色系统作为补体参与反应的指示系统,用ELISA方法进行补体结合试验。经对布氏菌病抗体检测的初步试验结果显示,CF-ELISA技术可检测到0.01 IU的布氏菌病抗体,灵敏度与间接酶联免疫吸附试验（iELISA）相当,是虎红平板凝集试验（RBPT）试管凝集试验（SAT）的5 000倍、补体结合试验（CFT）的10 000倍。对349份确诊布氏菌病感染群牛、羊血清的检测结果显示,CF-ELISAi、ELISA、CFT、SAT、RBPT的阳性率分别为35.82%3、6.39%、31.81%、30.09%、36.1%,CF-ELISA与iELISA、CFT、SAT、RBPT的阳性符合率分别为：98.4%、88.8%、80.0%、90.6%。CF-ELISAi、ELISA、CFT、SAT、RBPT对490份布氏菌病阴性群牛、羊血清的阴性率分别为100%、99.6%、100%、99.4%、99.8%,CF-ELISA与iELISA、CFT、SAT、RBPT的阴性符合率分别为：99.6%1、00%、99.4%、99.8%。研究表明,CF-ELISA是具有高特异性和高敏感性的布氏菌病免疫学检测技术。 相似文献
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为了解虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)三种血清学方法在奶牛布氏杆菌病诊断方面的实际应用情况,本试验采集了10份疑似奶牛布氏杆菌病的血清样本,同时采用上述三种血清学诊断方法进行了对比研究。结果显示,RBPT、SAT和ELISA的阳性检出率分别为70%、80%和90%,以ELISA的阳性检出率为最高。因此,具备特异、灵敏、快速等优点的ELISA血清学诊断方法更适合奶牛布氏杆菌病的抗体检测及其研究。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献