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1粉碎加工粉碎设备主要有卧式锤片粉碎机、辊式粉碎机和立式锤片粉碎机3种。其中辊式粉碎机粉碎粒度比较均匀,能控制粒度的分布范围;综合各项指标,立式锤片粉碎机是优先发展的机型。饲料生产中不同的料型、不同的饲喂对象具有不同的要求,因此根 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2016,(1)
锤片有筛粉碎机对物料的粉碎效果,主要取决于锤片与物料的线速差和已粉碎到粒度要求的物料能否迅速通过筛孔,锤片与物料的线速差是影响粉碎效果关键。现有锤片有筛粉碎机在作业时,因高速旋转的锤片带动了物料旋转,使锤片与物料的线速差较小,影响粉碎效果。目前国内外饲料锤片有筛粉碎机尚未见到通过改变锤片锤头的结构,使物料与锤片撞击后,物料离开了通常的周向运动轨迹,可降低周向的线速30%~50%,提高了物料与锤片的线速差,亦然提高了撞击力及粉碎效果。经开刃锤片即锤片开坡口的试验研究,粉碎机粉碎效率可提高25%~28%。物料周向线速和对锤片的摩擦力下降,亦就降低了物料周向的离心惯性力和物料环的密度,使锤片锤头的磨损明显降低。一个不起眼的开刃锤片已申请专利,却是一项带来具有较大社会效益和经济效益的新技术,是一项节能、低碳和环保的新技术。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2017,(17):12-16
采用锤片式粉碎机,系统研究了常用的3种饲料原料(玉米、小麦、豆粕),6种粉碎筛孔直径(1.0、2.5、3.5、4.5、5.5、8.0mm)以及3种锤片数量(32、52、64片)这三种粉碎条件对原料粉碎的对数几何平均粒径以及粒度分布的影响。结果表明,不同谷物的粉碎粒度在同一筛孔直径下存在差异,而原料的粉碎粒度都随着粉碎机筛孔直径的增加而增加,粉碎机筛孔直径的大小影响原料在不同粉碎粒度分布区间的分布。随着锤片数量的减少,原料经锤片式粉碎机粉碎后几何平均粒径增加。本研究结果表明,锤片式粉碎机筛孔直径以及锤片数量均会影响粉碎粒度,在实际生产中,我们可以通过调整筛孔直径以及锤片数量从而获得目的粉碎粒度。 相似文献
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<正> 影响锤片式饲料粉碎机粉碎效率的因素主要有两方面:一是被粉碎物料的物理机械性质(如水份、硬度、韧性等),另一方面是粉碎机的主要工作条件一锤片(包括数量、几何尺寸及耐磨性)、锤筛间隙、锤片末端的线速度、有效筛理面积等。本文仅就锤片对粉碎效率的影响作一研讨。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究豆粕不同粉碎粒度对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和消化器官指数的影响。粉碎组饲粮中豆粕采用锤片粉碎机进行粉碎,筛片孔径分别为4.00、5.00、6.00、7.00和8.00 mm,不粉碎组饲粮中豆粕直接过6.00 mm筛,其他饲料原料加工方式一致。选取2 592只210日龄的海兰褐产蛋鸡,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复72只鸡,进行饲养试验,试验期为8周。结果表明:粉碎组豆粕的几何平均粒径随着粉碎机筛片孔径的增大而显著增大(P<0.05),显著小于过6.00 mm筛不粉碎组(P<0.05),并且粒度分布也有所不同;粉碎组蛋鸡的生产性能、蛋品质和消化器官指数优于过6.00 mm筛不粉碎组。豆粕采用锤片粉碎机粉碎后,豆粕粉碎粒度对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和消化器官指数的影响不显著(P>0.05),但筛片孔径5.00 mm(几何平均粒径732.00μm)组生产性能、蛋品质和消化器官指数优于其他各组。结果显示:对于蛋鸡饲粮,豆粕经锤片式粉碎机粉碎,筛片孔径为5.00 mm,豆粕几何平均粒径732.00μm时,蛋鸡的生产性能、蛋品质和消化器官指数最佳。 相似文献
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通过对植物蛋白原料粉碎试验研究,结果表明:锤片粉碎机不适合应用在水产颗粒饲料中植物蛋白原料的粉碎。主要原因是:1)植物蛋白原料因为其特殊的理化性质(较高的蛋白质含量),使用锤片粉碎机产量低;2)植物蛋白原料作为水产颗粒饲料的原料时,粒度通常要求超过60目。因此,建议饲料企业用于水产饲料的植物蛋白原料粉碎加工时,使用其他类型粉碎机。试验结果表明:在双机二次粉碎工艺中,粉碎机工况更好,对粉碎机的损耗小,粉碎机的使用寿命长。 相似文献
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提高有筛锤片粉碎机粉碎效率的主要途径 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>颗粒物料的粉碎及粗破物料的微粉碎是饲料加工厂最重要的工序之一,亦是动力消耗最大的工段,一般占整个饲料厂总能耗的30%～50%,提高粉碎效率是节约能耗的重要途径之一。颗粒物料及粗破物料在粉碎腔内受旋转锤片的撞击和摩擦,使被粉碎的物料形成比原颗粒更小的颗粒,饲料粉碎粒度畜禽饲料为毫米级和微米级,鱼虾饲料属微米级。在有筛的粉碎机内,当颗粒物料被粉碎后尚未完成粉碎作业的全 相似文献
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文章旨在探究不同类型粉碎机对粉碎玉米粒度分布及颗粒微观形貌的影响。分别用进口鲨鱼粉碎机、国产鲨鱼粉碎机、对辊粉碎机、对辊+锤片二次粉碎和锤片微粉碎机5种粉碎处理方式对玉米进行粉碎,基于14层筛法和扫描电镜分析法,测定粉碎玉米的平均粒径和几何标准差并获取颗粒粒形的扫描电镜图像。结果表明:不同类型粉碎机对粉碎玉米粒度的均匀度有明显影响,对辊粉碎机的粉碎粒度有更好的均匀度;粉碎机类型对粉碎玉米的微观形貌有明显影响,锤片微粉碎机粉碎玉米颗粒的球形度较高,且颗粒表面相对更均匀光滑,对辊粉碎机粉碎玉米颗粒多呈不规则形状,且表面较粗糙。文章为粉碎样品粒度粒形及消化利用率的分析提供了新思路。 相似文献
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专利产品横宽型振动筛锤片粉碎机效率高,引起国内外同行专家的关注,但它的原理既平常又简单,这些原理都是人们长期以来所公认。它的高效率主要是通过对以下工艺追求来实现的:1追求较集中的粉碎粒度分布较集中的粉碎粒度分布,是指物料粒度分布中,所设定的粒度比例相对较高。饲料生产要求适合的粒度,过粗不合格,过细粉碎就是能量浪费。某滴水型粉碎机,用于粉碎鸡饲料,原料玉米(水分14%),采用3mm筛孔,75kW,产量在14.8t/h,其粒度分布情况:标准筛孔2mm,筛上物9.8g;1.5mm,筛上物190g;1.0mm,筛上物485g;0.224mm,筛上物183.2g,筛下物132g。… 相似文献
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横宽形振动筛锤片式粉碎机的主要特点是：饲料的粗粉碎和超细粉碎两者可以通用;效率高;粉粒比较均匀;对水分较高的原料和含纤维的原料有较好的适应性;易损件筛片寿命长;锤片更换周期长等。横宽形振动筛锤片式粉碎机由电动机、多层筛体（筛体分内层筛和外层筛）、振动器、机体等组成,它的技术特征是具有横宽形振动的多层筛。１横宽形振动筛锤片式粉碎机粉碎粗饲料特点１．１粉碎粒度均匀,物料粉碎和物料分级时间错开粗饲料（以３ｍｍ为例）生产时,原料进入粉碎腔,受到高速旋转的锤片锤击,粉碎机内筛是孔径为８ｍｍ的粗筛,厚度８ｍ… 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献