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1.
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同比例复合微生态制剂对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及抗氧化性能的影响。选取体重相近的26周龄健康罗曼粉壳蛋鸡240只,随机分为3组,每组设5个重复,每个重复16只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别在基础饲粮中添加1.5%、3%复合微生态制剂。预试期7 d,正试期42 d,分试验前期(0～21 d)和试验后期(21～42 d)。结果表明:①饲粮添加1.5%、3%复合微生态制剂对全期产蛋率和平均蛋重均无显著影响(P>0.05),但后期产蛋率显著提高(P<0.05),添加3%复合微生态制剂显著降低了全期平均日采食量(P<0.05),极显著降低了后期平均日采食量、料蛋比及全期料蛋比(P<0.01)。②与对照组相比,饲粮添加3%复合微生态制剂有提高试验第21 d蛋黄颜色和蛋壳厚度的趋势(0.050.05)。③饲粮添加1.5%、3%复合微生态制剂均显著提高蛋鸡血清总抗氧化能力(P<0.05),添加3%复合微生态制剂显著降低蛋鸡血清丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,蛋鸡饲粮添加复合微生态制剂可提高蛋鸡饲料利用率、抗氧化性能及改善蛋品质,复合微生态制剂的添加水平为3%时效果较佳。 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2015,(10)
本试验旨在研究不同微生态制剂对蛋鸡机体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)调节机制的影响。选择360只健康的海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复24只。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组)分别在基础饲粮中添加0.5%中药乳酸菌、0.25%乳酸菌制剂+0.25%中药红曲霉制剂、0.5%乳酸菌制剂和0.5%中药红曲霉制剂。试验期为79 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组中蛋鸡血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著提高(P0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组蛋黄中T-SOD活性显著提高(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,Ⅱ组蛋鸡肝脏中SOD1 m RNA的表达量显著提高(P0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的蛋鸡肝脏中SOD2 m RNA表达量显著提高(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加上述微生态制剂能调节蛋鸡机体SOD机制,以添加0.5%中药乳酸菌制剂效果最好。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2021,(11)
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同比例复合微生态制剂对产蛋鹌鹑生产性能、蛋品质、营养物质表观代谢率及血清生化指标的影响。选取体况相近、健康的产蛋中后期鹌鹑840只,随机分为3组,每组设7个重复,每个重复40只鹌鹑。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加1.5%、3%复合微生态制剂。预饲期为7 d,试验期42 d。结果显示:(1)添加复合微生态制剂对产蛋率、日均采食量无显著影响(P0.05),但能显著降低料蛋比(P0.05),其中3%添加组平均蛋重显著提高(P0.05)。(2)添加复合微生态制剂对试验21 d、42 d蛋形指数、蛋壳强度及蛋黄指数无显著影响(P0.05),但显著提高了试验21 d蛋壳厚度、试验42 d蛋黄比例(P0.05)。(3)添加复合微生态制剂对能量、粗蛋白及磷表观代谢率无显著影响(P0.05),但显著提高了粗脂肪、钙表观代谢率(P0.05),显著降低了粗纤维表观代谢率(P0.05)。(4)添加复合微生态制剂对血清中TP及Glu含量无显著影响(P0.05),但能显著降低血清中ALT、ALB、ALP、AST含量(P0.05),显著提高血清中TG含量(P0.05),且1.5%添加组显著降低了血清TC含量(P0.05)。综上所述,产蛋鹌鹑饲粮中添加3%复合微生态制剂能改善蛋品质和血清生化指标,提高粗脂肪和钙表观代谢率。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同微生态制剂对蛋鸡机体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)调节机制的影响。选择360只健康的海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复24只。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组)分别在基础饲粮中添加0.5%中药乳酸菌、0.25%乳酸菌制剂+0.25%中药红曲霉制剂、0.5%乳酸菌制剂和0.5%中药红曲霉制剂。试验期为79 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组中蛋鸡血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组蛋黄中T-SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,Ⅱ组蛋鸡肝脏中SOD1 m RNA的表达量显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的蛋鸡肝脏中SOD2 m RNA表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加上述微生态制剂能调节蛋鸡机体SOD机制,以添加0.5%中药乳酸菌制剂效果最好。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究在饲料中添加不同浓度的微生态制剂(枯草芽孢杆菌PB6)对蛋鸡生长性能、肠道菌群和抗体效价的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计,选用28周同批京红1号蛋鸡2 304只,随机分为3个日粮处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复192只。基础日粮为无添加对照组,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组分别在基础日粮中添加100、150g/t微生态制剂。试验期2个月。结果表明:与对照组相比,微生态制剂显著提高了蛋鸡产蛋率、蛋重、饲料转化率(P0.05);提高了蛋鸡盲肠乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量,降低了盲肠大肠杆菌、粪便大肠杆菌的数量(P0.05);对蛋鸡十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)及黏膜厚度均有不同程度的改善作用(P0.05),提高了HI抗体水平(P0.05)。综上,以100 g/t的添加效果最佳。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究饲粮中添加复合微生态制剂对海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清免疫指标和肠道菌群的影响。选取体重、产蛋率接近的健康海兰褐蛋鸡（42周龄） 400羽,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复20羽鸡。对照组蛋鸡饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%复合微生态制剂。试验期42 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,3个试验组蛋鸡的平均日采食量和料蛋比均显著下降（P<0.05）;试验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组蛋鸡的料蛋比显著低于试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。3个试验组蛋鸡的蛋壳强度和蛋黄比重均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。3个试验组蛋鸡血清中免疫球蛋白G (IgG)含量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;试验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组蛋鸡血清中IgG含量显著高于试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）;3个试验组蛋鸡血清中的肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。3个试验组蛋鸡盲肠中的乳酸杆菌数量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,试验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组蛋鸡盲肠中乳酸杆菌数量显著高于试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）,试验Ⅲ组乳酸杆菌数量显著高于试验Ⅱ组... 相似文献
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试验旨在研究芽孢杆菌微生态制剂对京红1号蛋鸡产蛋性能和蛋品质的影响。选择健康、体况良好的404日龄京红1号蛋鸡960只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮+益倍佳(凝结芽孢杆菌),试验Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+赐尔健(纳豆芽孢杆菌),试验Ⅲ组饲喂添加地衣芽孢杆菌+枯草芽孢杆菌(1∶1)混合制剂的日粮,试验组微生态制剂的添加量均为300 mg/kg。试验期25 d,其中预饲期5 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡产蛋率均显著提高(P<0.05),破、软蛋率均显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,Ⅱ组鸡蛋平均蛋重显著提高了2.25%(P<0.05);试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ的蛋黄相对重、蛋壳相对重、哈氏单位均无显著影响(P>0.05);试验Ⅲ组蛋壳颜色为1~3级的鸡蛋比例明显增多,差异显著(P<0.05)。综上所述,添加微生态制剂赐尔健(纳豆芽孢杆菌)可显著提高京红1号产蛋率和平均蛋重,显著降低料蛋比和破、软蛋率;添加枯草芽孢杆菌+地衣芽孢杆菌(1∶1)混合制剂可使蛋壳颜色加深的鸡蛋比例显著增多。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究在饲粮中添加不同水平女贞子粉对蛋鸡产蛋后期生产性能、蛋品质和肠道组织形态的影响。试验选用70周龄产蛋率相近的海兰褐蛋鸡270只,随机分为3个组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只鸡,分别为对照组(基础饲粮)、试验Ⅰ组(基础饲粮+1%女贞子粉)、试验Ⅱ组(基础饲粮+2%女贞子粉),预饲期7 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组均显著提高了蛋鸡产蛋率(P0.05),但对蛋鸡料蛋比、破蛋率、平均日产蛋重、平均日采食量无显著影响(P0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组蛋鸡的平均蛋重、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋形指数、蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋黄相对重、蛋壳相对重、蛋黄胆固醇含量无显著变化(P0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组显著提高了蛋鸡空肠、回肠绒毛高度(P0.05);试验Ⅱ组显著提高了蛋鸡回肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度、十二指肠肠壁厚度(P0.05),但也显著降低了蛋鸡十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度(P0.05)。由此可见,在蛋鸡产蛋后期饲粮中添加适宜剂量(1%)的女贞子粉可提高蛋鸡生产性能,改善肠道组织形态。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(2)
为研究微生态制剂对绿壳蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响,试验选取180只350日龄健康东乡黑羽绿壳蛋鸡,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只。其中对照组(A组)饲喂基础日粮,试验组(B、C组)分别在基础日粮中添加0.2%、0.5%微生物制剂。预饲期7 d,正试期21 d。结果显示:1试验第2周,试验组产蛋率较对照组分别提高了13.21%、18.87%(P0.05);第3周,试验组较对照组产蛋率分别提高了15.09%、20.75%(P0.05),平均蛋重分别提高了6.71%、8.33%(P0.05),料蛋比分别降低了8.33%、13.51%(P0.05)。2试验第21天,试验组鸡蛋的蛋黄颜色达到了9.5级,显著高于对照组(P0.05)。微生态制剂对其他常规蛋品质无显著影响(P0.05)。表明,蛋鸡饲粮中添加微生态制剂可显著提高东乡黑羽绿壳蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋的蛋黄色泽,对其他常规蛋品质无负面影响。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2021,(10)
为研究饲粮中添加微藻硒对产蛋后期蛋鸡产蛋性能及抗氧化功能的影响,试验选取144只47周龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,微藻硒组饲喂添加857 mg/kg微藻硒的基础日粮,预饲期7 d,正式试验期30 d。结果显示:(1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加微藻硒显著降低产蛋后期蛋鸡的蛋黄指数(P0.05),但对产蛋率、平均蛋重和料蛋比无明显影响(P0.05);(2)与对照组相比,微藻硒组蛋鸡血清尿酸水平显著提高(P0.05);(3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加微藻硒显著提高清总抗氧化能力(P0.05),极显著提高血清中超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性(P0.01),同时提高肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4、超氧化物歧化酶1的mRNA相对表达水平(P0.05或P0.01)。研究表明,饲粮添加微藻硒可显著改善肉鸡血清和肝脏抗氧化功能,对产蛋性能影响未达到显著性水平。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献