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《新疆畜牧业》2021,(5)
为对吐鲁番地区璃眼蜱的精确鉴定提供依据,同时为该蜱分类以及携带病原溯源奠定基础。本研究对采集的疑似患牛体表璃眼蜱(n=120)采用形态学和ITS2基因特异性PCR方法鉴定出其种,再通过Tams1基因特异性PCR方法鉴定出其携带病原情况。结果显示,经形态学鉴定均为小亚璃眼蜱,PCR结果显示扩增的璃眼蜱ITS2基因和环形泰勒虫Tams1基因序列分别与Gen Bank中已记载的小亚璃眼蜱ITS-2、环形泰勒虫Tams1基因序列一致。在检测的120枚璃眼蜱中,携带牛环形泰勒虫病原的有11只,阳性率为9.17%(11/120)。结果表明,在传统形态学分类的基础上,借助分子生物学方法对璃眼蜱种属鉴定及无典型硬蜱种的鉴定不但具有简易、准确度高等特点,而且在璃眼蜱种属确定的基础上分离其携带的病原更有实际意义。 相似文献
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为了解托克逊县璃眼蜱及其携带病原情况,采用形态学方法和分子生物学方法对璃眼蜱形态学及其携带病原牛环形泰勒虫的基因(Tams1)进行PCR扩增,鉴定和检测采自托克逊地区疑似牛体表璃眼蜱(473枚)及其携带牛环形泰勒虫的感染情况。结果表明:采集的硬蜱经形态学鉴定为小亚璃眼蜱(248枚)和亚洲璃眼蜱(225枚)。小亚璃眼蜱携带牛环形泰勒虫有20枚,阳性率为8.06%(20/248);亚洲璃眼蜱携带牛环形泰勒虫有16枚,阳性率为7.11%(16/225)。4个乡采集的璃眼蜱均有不同程度携带牛环形泰勒虫的情况,其中伊拉湖乡牛环形泰勒虫阳性率最高,为8.40%(11/131)。说明托克逊县的气候环境适合媒介蜱的孳生,是当地牛环形泰勒虫病广泛流行的重要因素。 相似文献
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为了解伊犁河谷区域银盾革蜱的分布及其携带马泰勒虫病原情况,通过对银盾革蜱形态学及革蜱属特异性基因(ITS-2)和其携带病原18S rRNA基因PCR扩增及其PCR产物的克隆、测序、同源性比较等,鉴定和检测了采自昭苏种马场马体表银盾革蜱及其携带病原情况。试验结果显示,采回的蜱经形态学鉴定均为银盾革蜱,PCR扩增银盾革蜱ITS-2基因和马泰勒虫18S rRNA基因序列大小分别为825 bp和789 bp。本试验蜱获得的ITS-2序列与已发表的伊朗株(GQ144706.1)同源性为99%,与形态学鉴定结果一致,故鉴定为银盾革蜱。在181只银盾革蜱中携带马泰勒虫的有13只,阳性率为7.1%(13/181),且其携带病原目的基因序列与Gen Bank中已发表的马泰勒虫基因序列相似性为99%。研究表明,结合形态学分类和分子生物学方法对银盾革蜱鉴定具有简易、准确度高等特点,且分离银盾革蜱源性病原更有实际意义,为综合防控奠定了基础。 相似文献
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利用蜱传播试验确定小亚璃眼蜱对中国新分离的牛的巴贝斯虫未定种和环形泰勒虫的传播能力与传播方式，进而明确其在中国牛梨形虫病传播中的流行病学意义。试验结果表明：小亚璃眼蜱可在雌虫阶段受到巴贝斯虫未定种的感染，并可在次代若虫（2／2）和成虫（3／3）阶段将病原传播给试验牛；小亚璃眼蜱幼虫和若虫吸入环形泰勒虫，饱血脱落的幼虫和若虫所蜕化发育的饥饿若虫（2／2）和成虫（2／2）均可将病原传递给敏感动物；感染巴贝斯虫未定种的小亚璃眼蜱饱血雌虫所孵育出的次代幼虫和若虫仍可被环形泰勒虫感染，所发育出的若虫（2／2）和成虫（2／2）可在一次传播试验中将环形泰勒虫和巴贝斯虫未定种同时传播给试验动物。 相似文献
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旨在建立快速检测环形泰勒虫和牛无浆体的双重PCR方法,调查吐鲁番地区这2种病原感染情况。根据NCBI库中上传的环形泰勒虫Spm2、Tams1基因和牛无浆体16S rRNA基因保守序列设计、合成3对特异性引物,使用PCR扩增并测序。根据Spm2和16S rRNA基因设计双重PCR并对反应体系及条件进行优化,对该方法进行特异性、灵敏性和重复性检测,建立一种双重PCR方法。结果显示,双重PCR方法特异性扩增出环形泰勒虫和牛无浆体相应目的片段,片段大小分别为853,351 bp,而驽巴贝斯虫、马泰勒虫、绵羊无浆体和伊氏锥虫均未扩增出条带。对环形泰勒虫Spm2、Tams1和牛无浆体16S rRNA基因序列进行系统发育分析,环形泰勒虫Spm2基因序列与印度株同源关系最近(MH844677)、Tams1基因序列与突尼斯株同源关系近(AF214899),牛无浆体16S rRNA基因序列与突尼斯株同源关系近(KY655808)。此方法能检测环形泰勒虫与牛无浆体最低浓度分别为2.9×10-16,1.8×10-19 g/μL。用该方法对临床60份牛血DNA进行双重... 相似文献
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将实验室培养的小亚璃眼蜱（Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum)和亚洲璃眼蜱（Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum)清洁幼虫和若虫饲喂于感染环形泰勒虫的牛体，收集饱血幼虫和若虫，用所孵化的若虫和成虫感染试验牛。结果显示，小亚璃眼蜱幼虫、若虫阶级感染，所发育之若虫、成虫均可传播环形泰勒虫；而亚洲璃眼蜱各阶级的传播试验结果均为阴性。 相似文献
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本研究旨在建立小亚璃眼蜱、亚洲璃眼蜱和残缘璃眼蜱的分子生物学鉴定方法,并探讨它们的系统发生关系。在新疆、内蒙古从动物体表采集寄生蜱,形态学鉴定后,PCR扩增测序获得3种璃眼蜱的16S rRNA及线粒体色素氧化酶亚基Ⅰ基因(cytochrome oxidaseⅠ,COⅠ)序列后进行同源性分析。用Mega 5.0和Mrbayes 3.2软件分别构建系统进化树,亚洲璃眼蜱、小亚璃眼蜱样本16S rRNA序列与GenBank中已知相应蜱虫16S rRNA序列聚类,而残缘璃眼蜱COⅠ序列与GenBank中已知残缘璃眼蜱COⅠ序列聚类,与形态学鉴定结果一致。在传统形态学分类的基础上,结合分子生物学鉴定方法能简易、准确鉴定小亚璃眼蜱、亚洲璃眼蜱和残缘璃眼蜱。 相似文献
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刘太华 《江西畜牧兽医杂志》1986,(1)
<正> 在印度,牛热带焦虫的病原是泰勒焦虫,主要传播媒介是小亚璃眼蜱。Bhattacharyulu、chaudhri与Gill 1975年报道:将幼虫和若虫喂养在感染牛体表、继而幼虫和若虫感染了焦虫病,其若虫与成虫造成本病传播。本试验试图用泰勒焦虫人工感染小亚璃眼蜱。 相似文献
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Krizsan SJ Nyholm L Nousiainen J Südekum KH Huhtanen P 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(9):3162-3173
The objective of this study was to compare the application of different in vitro and in situ methods in empirical and mechanistic predictions of in vivo OM digestibility (OMD) and their associations to near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy spectra for a variety of forages. Apparent in vivo OMD of silages made from alfalfa (n = 2), corn (n = 9), corn stover (n = 2), grass (n = 11), whole crops of wheat and barley (n = 8) and red clover (n = 7), and fresh alfalfa (n = 1), grass hays (n = 5), and wheat straws (n = 5) had previously been determined in sheep. Concentrations of indigestible NDF (iNDF) in all forage samples were determined by a 288-h ruminal in situ incubation. Gas production of isolated forage NDF was measured by in vitro incubations for 72 h. In vitro pepsin-cellulase OM solubility (OMS) of the forages was determined by a 2-step gravimetric digestion method. Samples were also subjected to a 2-step determination of in vitro OMD based on buffered rumen fluid and pepsin. Further, rumen fluid digestible OM was determined from a single 96-h incubation at 38°C. Digestibility of OM from the in situ and the in vitro incubations was calculated according to published empirical equations, which were either forage specific or general (1 equation for all forages) within method. Indigestible NDF was also used in a mechanistic model to predict OMD. Predictions of OMD were evaluated by residual analysis using the GLM procedure in SAS. In vitro OMS in a general prediction equation of OMD did not display a significant forage-type effect on the residuals (observed - predicted OMD; P = 0.10). Predictions of OMD within forage types were consistent between iNDF and the 2-step in vitro method based on rumen fluid. Root mean square error of OMD was least (0.032) when the prediction was based on a general forage equation of OMS. However, regenerating a simple regression for iNDF by omitting alfalfa and wheat straw reduced the root mean square error of OMD to 0.025. Indigestible NDF in a general forage equation predicted OMD without any bias (P ≥ 0.16), and root mean square error of prediction was smallest among all methods when alfalfa and wheat straw samples were excluded. Our study suggests that compared with the in vitro laboratory methods, iNDF used in forage-specific equations will improve overall predictions of forage in vivo OMD. The in vitro and in situ methods performed equally well in calibrations of iNDF or OMD by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. 相似文献
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大庆市羊东毕吸虫病流行病学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对大庆市羊东毕吸虫病的流行病学进行了调查研究。结果表明，大庆有3种东毕吸虫，即程氏东毕吸虫（O.cheni)、土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫（O.turkestanica)和土耳斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种（O.turkestanican var.thuberculata)；中间宿主螺类有1种，即卵萝卜螺；东毕吸虫病在大庆分布很广，所调查的4区2县均有发生，羊东毕吸虫平均感染率分别为50．33％，平均死亡率为21．12％，大庆羊急性病例发病时间为8月上旬至10月下旬，慢性病例为11月上旬至翌年2月中旬。 相似文献
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中国圈养野生动物疫苗使用调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年对中国动物园协会单位中的18家动物园饲养野生动物疫苗免疫情况进行调查。受调查动物园在野生动物疫苗使用和动物种类方面具有一定的代表性。调查结果显示动物园动物现共使用18类36种疫苗,预防31种疫病。其中哺乳动物使用14类24种疫苗,预防24种疫病;禽类使用4类12种疫苗,预防7种疫病。使用范围最广的有禽流感、犬瘟热疫苗等、新城疫疫苗、猫瘟热疫苗等。共有24目58科动物接种疫苗,其中食肉动物类1目8科,食草动物类3目9科,杂食动物类2目3科,禽类18目38科。研究结果提示应加强动物园之间疫病信息交流、防疫资源的利用、疫病监测和研究,加大对动物园动物疫病的研究投入,逐步建立动物园动物统一的防疫规程。 相似文献
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Information gathered from cases of fowl cholera (FC) in commercial turkey flocks through case records, flock records, and telephone and mail surveys was used to estimate disease costs. The cost to the Georgia commercial turkey industry in 1986 from preventive measures, treatment of outbreaks, and production losses from the disease was estimated at $634,545. The cost of FC per kg of live production was estimated to be $0.015. 相似文献
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猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂病病毒(Pseudorabies virus PRV)引起的急性传染病。其特征是成年猪常为隐性感染，可有流产、死胎、呼吸系统症状，新生仔猪除神经症状外还可侵害消化系统，并伴大批死亡。本病已经给全世界的养猪业造成严重的损失，我国许多地区已报道该病。为进一步探讨该病的控制、净化措施，我们对12个养猪场共856分血清采用美国嗍公司的ELISA试剂盒进行了抗体检测。 相似文献
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W A Vestre 《Modern veterinary practice》1984,65(2):93-97
In 5 cases of glaucoma (2 from trauma, 2 from narrowed drainage angles, 1 secondary to lens extraction), cyclocryotherapy was used to control intraocular pressure. In all cases the intraocular pressure decreased, with the usual result being a cosmetic and painless but blind eye. 相似文献
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Occurrence of MRSA in pigs and in humans involved in pig production--preliminary results of a study in the northwest of Germany 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Meemken D Cuny C Witte W Eichler U Staudt R Blaha T 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2008,115(4):132-139
In 2007, 678 pigs of all age groups out of 347 different farms from Lower Saxony and Northrhine-Westphalia and 86 persons occupationally exposed to pigs were investigated for their nasal colonisation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus areus (MRSA) by the Field Station for Epidemiology of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover and the Robert Koch-Institute. At the individual animal level, a frequency of positive results of 13% (n = 85 positive animals) and at the herd level, a frequency of positive results of 18% (n = 62 positive herds) were found. All isolates were assigned to the Multilocus Sequence Typing Type ST398. Within MRSA-positive herds, there were more MRSA-negative than MRSA-positive animals. Among the occupationally exposed persons (veterinarians, laboratory personnel and meat inspection personnel), 20 persons (23%) showed a nasal colonisation with MRSA ST398. A quite strong association between the intensity of the contact to pigs with the frequency of nasal colonisation in the occupationally exposed persons was detected. None of the animals or the humans nasally colonised by MRSA ST398 showed any clinical symptoms of a staphylococcal infection. Conclusions are drawn on the herd and intra-herd prevalence of the nasal colonisation of pigs with MRSA ST398 in pigs, but especially on which questions need to be addressed by further research. 相似文献
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为了解西藏拉萨市家禽禽流感抗体水平,2017年8月随机选择免疫过H5禽流感疫苗的8个规模养殖场、2个散养户、3个活禽交易市场,共13个群体,采集1 041份家禽血清样品进行H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感HI抗体检测。结果显示：H5亚型禽流感免疫抗体合格率为45.73%,H7、H9亚型抗体阳性率分别为21.13%、52.64%;养殖场、散养户和活禽交易市场的不同亚型抗体水平存在较大差异,规模化养殖场的H7亚型抗体阳性率最高（29.92%）,活禽市场的H5、H9亚型阳性率最高（78.16%、79.31%）,散养户的所有亚型抗体阳性率均最低。结果表明,拉萨市H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫效果较差,特别是散养户,疫病发生风险较高,H7、H9亚型疑似自然感染率较高,应进一步查明原因,及时采取相应的措施,防止疫情发生。 相似文献