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通过比较5种禽蛋的蛋品质和蛋内营养成分的差异，旨在为相关生产经营和消费提供科学的参考依据。在成都一信誉良好的正规门市随机购买新鲜的鸡蛋、鸭蛋、鹅蛋、鹌鹑蛋、鸽蛋各30枚，采用蛋品质测定的常规方法检测禽蛋质量、蛋形指数等11项指标，并测定蛋黄、蛋清中的粗脂肪、粗蛋白、水分以及蛋黄中的钙、磷等蛋内营养水平。结果显示：这5种禽蛋的蛋品质差距较大，蛋内营养成分方面，蛋黄粗脂肪含量鹅蛋、鸭蛋、鹌鹑蛋显著高于鸡蛋和鸽蛋；蛋黄粗蛋白含量鹌鹑蛋、鸡蛋和鸭蛋显著高于鹅蛋和鸽蛋；蛋黄钙含量鸭蛋显著高于其余4种禽蛋；蛋黄磷含量鸡蛋、鸭蛋、鹅蛋显著高于鸽蛋和鹌鹑蛋；蛋黄水分鹌鹑蛋和鹅蛋显著高于其他3种禽蛋；蛋清粗脂肪含量最高的是鸽蛋；蛋清粗蛋白含量鸽蛋显著高于其他4种禽蛋；蛋清水分鹌鹑蛋、鸡蛋和鹅蛋显著高于鸭蛋与鸽蛋。结果表明，鸭蛋与鸡蛋的综合营养价值相对较高。 相似文献
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新鲜绵羊粪尿对土壤和植物矿物质元素含量影响的试验于 1998年在贵州高原草地试验站进行。结果表明 ,绵羊新鲜粪尿加入土壤后 ,土壤 K呈波浪型升高。 K又显著影响土壤 Ca、Fe和Mn的浓度及土壤 p H值。土壤 Na水平呈下降趋势。土壤中 Ca含量与土壤可交换性亚硝态氮和硝态氮显著相关。土壤 Mg的变化不如其他元素变化明显。土壤 Cu受 Ca、Fe和亚硝态氮及硝态氮的影响显著。土壤 Zn比试验前有所下降 ,其含量与土壤铵态氮和亚硝态氮呈显著负相关 ,而与土壤Na、Mg和 Cu呈显著正相关。土壤 Fe在整个试验过程中呈上升趋势 ,UDT处理几乎呈直线上升。土壤 Mn的变化和土壤 K有显著正相关 ,还与铵态氮相关极显著 (R=0 .80 51,P<0 .0 1)。绵羊新鲜粪尿使植物体内 Fe、Zn水平降低 ,但促进植物 Mn的含量升高 ,而对植物 Cu水平影响最小。结果还表明 ,植物体内 K含量受土壤 Cu和 Na的抑制 ,同时还与植物吸收 Mg、Na和 Fe发生拮抗作用 ,促进了植物 Ca的吸收。植物吸收 Na与土壤 Na的浓度显著相关 ,但受到植物吸收 K、Ca和 Mn的抑制。植物 Ca水平与降雨及植物体内 Fe水平呈显著负相关 ,而与土壤可交换性铵态氮和植物体内 K、Mg含量呈显著正相关。植物体内 Mg含量受土壤可交换性铵态氮和硝态氮的显著影响 ,但受土壤 Ca的抑制 相似文献
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NaCl胁迫下苜蓿不同器官中离子分布及耐盐机制分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对耐盐性不同的苜蓿材料在NaCl胁迫下不同器官盐离子含量的测定,研究离子在苜蓿不同器官中的分布情况以及离子在苜蓿耐盐性中的作用.以耐盐苜蓿材料1969和盐敏感苜蓿材料0137为试验材料,用NaCl浓度为0、0.1％、0.3％、0.5％的盐浓度进行胁迫处理,30d后利用离子发射光谱法对根、茎、叶中Na+、K+、Ca2+含量进行测定.试验结果表明,随着NaCl浓度的升高,苜蓿根、茎、叶中Na+含量升高,K+含量下降,Ca2+含量也呈下降趋势.根、茎、叶中Na+、K+含量及K/Na比值在耐盐材料和盐敏感材料之间有显著差异,根、茎中Ca2+含量二者之间差异不显著,叶中差异显著.耐盐材料的根、叶中Na+含量显著低于盐敏感材料,耐盐材料K+含量、K/Na比值高于盐敏感材料. 相似文献
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N素营养对NaCl胁迫下盐地碱蓬幼苗生长及渗透调节物质变化的影响 总被引：38，自引：9，他引：29
通过NaCl和N对盐地碱蓬幼苗生长及渗透调节物质变化的影响研究,结果表明,NaCl和N素对植物的生长的影响是明显的(P<0.05),低NaCl胁迫下N含量的增加对盐地碱蓬幼苗生长的影响不明显,而高NaCl处理下增加营养液中N的含量能明显地缓解盐胁迫,促进盐地碱蓬幼苗的生长.叶片脯氨酸含量随着NaCl浓度和养分N含量的增加而增加,而可溶性糖含量减少. NaCl浓度的增加使得植株总离子含量、Na 含量增加,K 、Ca2 、Mg2 含量减少.随N养分含量的增加,叶中Na 和K 含量增加, Mg2 含量基本上呈减少的趋势.叶片中的Ca2 含量和植株根茎部各离子含量随养分N含量增加的变化规律不明显. 相似文献
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由于人类血清胆固醇水平与心血管疾病直接相关，人们正日益减少食用含有较高水平胆固醇的商品鸡蛋。目前所有试图降低卵黄胆固醇的方法都不能获得理想的结果。Wood等（1961），Sutton等（1984）证明，蛋鸡日粮中添加胆固醇可导致卵黄胆固醇增加和血清胆固醇增加。Harms和Simpson(1979、1977）报道，提高蛋鸡血清胆固醇，血清Ca浓度也随之升高，这与维生素D在Ca、P代谢方面的作用有关。R、Scott等（1992）将a～酮己酸（KIC）长期添加到蛋鸡日粮中；结果表明只有0.27％KIC处理组卵黄胆固醇降至对照组以下，其他处理没有产生明显的作用… 相似文献
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不同饲养条件下海兰蛋鸡的肉心肝蛋中部分矿物质含量分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究不同饲养条件下海兰蛋鸡的肉、心、肝和蛋中矿物含量 ,以便采取合理的饲养方法 ,提高鸡肉、心、肝和蛋中的矿物质营养 ,为研制开发绿色营养食品提供科学依据。 60羽 7周龄海兰蛋鸡随机分成两大组 ,一组为对照组采用自由放养不供配合饲料 ;另一组则为试验组采取笼养并供给配合饲料。用火焰原子吸收分光光度法分别对鸡肉、鸡心、鸡肝和鸡蛋中 1 1种矿物质元素含量进行测定。结果表明试验组蛋清、蛋黄中的 Ca、P含量明显高于对照 ;而 6种微量元素在鸡肉、鸡心、鸡肝及鸡蛋中的含量 ,试验组也明显高于对照组。为人们合理膳食提供了科学依据 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2020,(8)
本试验旨在探讨三江源区高寒草场不同物候期牧草对放牧牦牛产奶量及乳中矿物质元素含量的影响。选取自然放牧状态下胎次和体况一致的健康泌乳牦牛10头为研究对象,记录放牧母牦牛在枯草期(12—4月)、返青期(5月)、青草期(6—8月)和枯黄期(9—11月)的产奶量,通过火焰原子吸收法分别对4期牧草样品和采集的乳样品进行矿物质元素[钾(K)、钠(Na)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、锌(Zn)、钴(Co)、铜(Cu)]含量的测定。结果表明:1)青草期牧草的Na、Mg、Fe、Mn和Cu含量显著高于其他物候期(P0.05),而枯草期牧草的K、Ca和Co含量显著高于其他物候期(P0.05),牧草的Zn含量随物候期推移呈现增加趋势。2)青草期牦牛的产奶量显著高于其他物候期(P0.05);青草期牦牛乳中K、Na、Ca、Mg、Mn和Cu含量显著高于其他物候期(P0.05),枯草期乳中Co含量显著高于其他物候期(P0.05),而乳中Fe和Zn含量在枯黄期较高(P0.05)。3)不同物候期牧草与牦牛乳中Na、Mg、Mn、Co、Cu含量的相关性显著,相关值分别为0.723(P0.01)、0.996(P0.01)、0.975(P0.05)、0.981(P0.05)、0.967(P0.01)。由此可知,牦牛产奶量和乳中矿物质元素含量随着不同物候期牧草中矿物质元素含量变化而变化,从枯草期到青草期,牦牛产奶量呈现逐渐增高趋势,而后产奶量随牧草枯黄逐渐降低,乳中Na、Mg、Mn、Co、Cu含量会随着牧草中相应矿物质元素含量的升高而升高。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献