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采用单因子试验设计,研究了液态蛋氨酸羟基类似物(HMB)作为酸化剂对饲料品质和仔猪生产性能的影响。选用96头(28±3)日龄断奶的杜×长×约(DLY)仔猪,随机分为5个处理组:3个HMB组(每吨饲料中添加HMB为1.14、2.28、3.42kg)、对照组(基础日粮组)、复合酸化剂组(每吨饲料中添加3.0kg复合酸化剂)。结果表明,①HMB降低了饲料系酸力。②试验1～6周,添加HMB1.14kg/t组和2.28kg/t组均显著提高了采食量、日增重和饲料利用效率(P<0.05);添加HMB2.28kg/t组提高仔猪生产性能的效果优于复合酸化剂组(P>0.05)。③添加HMB显著降低了仔猪腹泻率(P<0.05)。HMB在断奶仔猪饲料中具有酸化剂作用。 相似文献
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试验旨在分析由乳酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸和磷酸构成的3种复合酸化剂A、B和C的体外抑菌和降低饲料系酸力的效果;选用15 kg左右杜长大断奶仔猪96头,随机分成4组,每组3栏。对照组含抗生素,试验组A、B和C分别在基础日粮中添加2.5 kg/t酸化剂A、B和C,分析其对动物生产性能和肠道微生物区系的影响。结果表明:3种复合酸化剂0.25%的水溶液对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑制作用,以1.25 kg/t添加到饲料中可显著降低饲料系酸力和pH(P<0.05)。动物试验表明2.5 kg/t的复合酸化剂A或C替代日粮中抗生素,对仔猪日增重、采食量和饲料增重比无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加3种复合酸化剂的试验各组DGGE条带数和多样性指数均高于抗生素的对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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不同钙水平日粮添加酸化剂对断奶仔猪生长性能和血液矿物质水平的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章旨在研究不同钙水平日粮添加复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液和骨中矿物质含量的影响。试验选择初始体重为(7.50±0.08)kg的25 d断奶仔猪600头,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复30头。试验日粮采用2×2因子设计,即钙水平分别为0.75%和0.55%,复合酸化剂添加水平为3 g/kg和0 g/kg,试验共进行42 d。结果:低钙组仔猪末重较高钙组显著提高13.76%(P<0.05)。无论日粮钙水平如何,添加3 g/kg复合酸化剂可以使采食量显著提高13.37%(P<0.05)。低钙水平组添加或不添加酸化剂较高钙组不添加酸化剂平均日增重分别显著提高32.77%和29.41%(P<0.05)。高钙组断奶仔猪料重比较低钙组显著提高9.41%(P<0.05)。与高钙组相比,低钙组血清钙水平显著降低4.41%(P<0.05),而血清磷和镁水平分别显著提高27.60%和6.04%(P<0.05),高钙组断奶仔猪尿中钙与肌酸苷比值较低钙组显著提高134.41%(P<0.05)。低钙组仔猪胫骨镁含量较高钙组显著提高7.29%(P<0.05)。结论:日粮低钙水平可以改善断奶仔猪的饲料效率、血清和胫骨镁含量,同时低钙水平下添加复合酸化剂可以提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重和采食量。 相似文献
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试验选用48头体重7kg左右的三元杂交[杜×(长白×梅山)]断奶仔猪,按性别、体重随机分为2个处理,每个处理4个重复,分别饲喂基础日粮和试验日粮(基础日粮+0.1%复合酸化剂).试验全期30d,研究复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪日采食量、日增重、饲料利用率及腹泻率的影响.结果表明,复合酸化剂显著提高断奶仔猪采食量、日增重和饲料利用率(P＜0.05),降低仔猪腹泻率(P＜0.05),试验前期(0～15d)试验组日增重和采食量分别比对照组提高17.8%和9.96%,饲料利用效率提高8.9%,腹泻率降低65%;试验后期的效果没有前期显著. 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2010,(13)
为研制科学的复合酸化剂,给其在断奶仔猪生产中的应用提供理论依据,研究采用五处理三重复单因子试验设计,选择28日龄断奶三元杂交仔猪90头,随机分为5组,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加AⅠ、AⅡ、AⅢ、AⅣ复合酸化剂,添加水平均为0.2%。结果表明:①复合酸化剂能明显提高断奶仔猪的日采食量、日增重和饲料报酬,极显著降低仔猪的腹泻率(P0.01)。②仔猪粗蛋白表观消化率比对照组提高了3.86%～4.80%,能量表观消化率提高了3.76%～5.89%,干物质表观消化率提高了1.25%～6.14%。③复合酸化剂AⅠ和AⅢ的饲喂效果最好。说明日粮中添加复合酸化剂可以有效地提高仔猪的生产性能和经济效益,可以应用于绿色生猪的生产。 相似文献
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本试验旨在比较饲料中添加不同水平酸化剂对哺乳母猪采食量的影响。选择36头品种相同、体况相近、预产期接近的2~4胎长大杂交母猪,随机分成3组,每组12头母猪。从分娩开始到哺乳期结束(21d),对照组饲喂基础日粮、试验组1和试验组2分别在基础日粮中添加酸化剂2、4kg/t。结果显示,饲料中添加4kg/t酸化剂处理组,哺乳母猪采食量比对照组显著提高12.3%(P<0.05)。进一步分析发现,添加4kg/t酸化剂组与对照组相比显著降低饲料系酸力水平,降幅为9.8%(P<0.05),但这两个组母猪对饲料中氮消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2016,(20)
试验旨在研究以糖精钠为主的不同复合甜味剂在断奶仔猪饲料中添加对其生长性能及血清生化指标的影响。试验选取体况良好、平均体重为(7.83±0.78)kg的(28±2)日龄的大白(Large White)断奶仔猪128头。随机分成4个处理组,每组4个重复,每个重复8头仔猪。对照组(A组)饲喂不加香味剂和甜味剂的基础饲粮,试验组在对照饲料的基础上分别添加0.2 g/kg的复合甜味剂1(糖精钠+NHDC,B组)、0.2 g/kg的复合甜味剂2(糖精钠+NHDC+1%纽甜,C组)、0.25 g/kg的复合甜味剂3(糖精钠+索马甜,D组)。试验期为28 d。试验结果表明:1饲粮中添加不同的复合甜味剂对断奶仔猪的ADFI及ADG没有明显的影响,但极显著降低了断奶仔猪1~14 d的F/G(P=0.004)。2饲粮中添加不同的复合甜味剂对断奶仔猪血清中的CCK含量没有明显影响。可见,饲粮中添加复合甜味剂1及复合甜味剂2能够改善断奶仔猪的采食量,促进其生长,降低血清中的CCK水平。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2017,(12):5-9
试验旨在证明复合植物精油改善断奶仔猪生长性能和经济效益功效。本试验采用2×2析因设计,2个消化能水平(DE:14.27 MJ/kg.DM和13.37 MJ/kg.DM)对应2个添加剂水平(复合植物精油:添加和不添加),研究复合植物精油改善仔猪生长性能和经济效益。选用35日龄体重相近、体况良好的杜×长×大三元断奶仔猪160头,随机分成4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复10头。高能量:按NRC(2012)仔猪饲养标准配制,消化能实测值为14.27 MJ/kg.DM;低能量:高能量饲料的基础上降低0.84 MJ/kg,消化能实测值为13.37 MJ/kg.DM,其他营养水平均同高能量日粮;另两个处理分别在两个能量日粮基础上添加600 mg/kg复合植物精油。预试期1周,正试期5周。猪只自由采食、饮水,试验期间记录采食量和体重,计算平均日采食量、日增重和料重比。研究结果表明:断奶仔猪饲喂低能量日粮(DE:13.37 MJ/kg.DM)有提高采食量(P0.05)和日增重(P0.05)的趋势,复合植物精油降低了仔猪的料重比(P0.05)。断奶仔猪饲喂低能量日粮可以增加收益(P0.01),两种日粮水平下添加植物精油均改善了经济效益(P0.05)。植物精油可以用于改善仔猪生长性能、饲料效率和经济效益,在低能量日粮使用优势更大,降低仔猪日粮消化能并不影响仔猪生长性能。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献