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撒坝猪配合力测定试验的初步分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对１１个撒坝猪杂交组合的达屠宰体重日龄、料重比、日增重、瘦肉率等４个重要经济性状的超中亲优势（Ｈ１）和超高亲优势（Ｈ２）进行了分析。结果表明：撒坝猪的杂种优势普遍存在;优势程度依组合、性状的不同存在差异,优势程度表现较好的组事是杜撒（１９９８）、杜长撒（１９９８）和约汉撒（１９９６）,表现较好的性状是达屠宰体重日龄和日增重。 相似文献
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杜洛克,大白,长白三个品种相杂交后繁殖性状杂种优势表现的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在杜洛克、长白、大白三个纯种为基础的杂交繁育配套系中，测定了3个纯种及12个杂交组合的827头次分娩母猪的繁殖性状（产仔总数、产活仔数、初生重、21天成活数、21天个体重、窝重），明确了3个纯种繁殖性状及各杂交组合杂种优势表现情况。结果显示，二元杂交猪比纯种猪在产活仔数、初生重等方面有极显著的杂种优势，三元杂交猪比纯种亲本在产仔总数、产活仔数、初生重、21天成活数等性状上均有极显著的杂种优势；在各正反交组合中，YL组合比LY组合在初生重、21天个体重上有显著的差异，YL优于LY，而在三元杂交组合中，各性状比较均无明显差异，在回交组合中，L．YL组合产仔数明显优于L．LY组合，Y．LY组合21天个体重明显优于Y．YL组合，纯种中在繁殖上L略优于Y，但无显著差异。 相似文献
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通过对蛋鸡５个纯系和纯系间５个杂交组合的一个产蛋周期的生产性能测定，研究不同经济性状的杂种优势情况，以及不同杂交组合的杂种优势率。研究表明，极限性状受精率和孵化率在纯系水平较一般的情况下可以产生较大的杂种优势，而在纯系水平较高的情况下，由于受极限的限制，不可能表现明显的杂种优势；产蛋率和开产日龄的杂种优势率较高，料蛋比、成活率和７２周龄产蛋重的杂种优势略低一些，体重具有较强的杂种劣势，日耗料和蛋重的杂种优势（或劣势）率很低；遗传距离较远的品种（系）之间杂交产生杂种优势的可能性和程度较大，因此推荐用白来航和褐壳蛋鸡杂交生产商品蛋鸡。 相似文献
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家蚕数量性状配合力与杂种优势研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
按不完全双列杂交的方差分析方法,就10项主要经济性状,估算了8个原种的一般配合力效应与15个杂交组合的特殊配合力效应、性状的遗传率与群体配合力方差;计算了各性状的杂种优势率与势能比值,并对两亲一般配合力之和、F_1特殊配合力、两亲均值、杂种优势率、F_1表型值等遗传参数间的相关关系作了测定,认为以品种一般配合力效应作主要依据,来选择杂交育种亲本或一代杂种的对交品种较为适当。 相似文献
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10个苜蓿杂交组合产量性状的杂种优势与配合力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过早代测定和定向选择,可更快更准确的筛选优良杂交组合。本研究以10个苜蓿杂交组合及其13个亲本作为测验种,分析其3个主要产量性状的杂种优势表现及各性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力效应。结果表明:杂交组合5×Ⅴ、13×Ⅲ为牧草产量的强优势组合,其中分枝数和株高是影响苜蓿杂交组合牧草产量优势形成的主要性状;当亲本牧草产量性状的关键因子的一般配合力较高时,其组合的牧草产量获得强优势的概率较大,但同时也要考虑其特殊配合力的影响,在特殊配合力小的组合中也会有牧草产量优势强的组合。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献