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安氟醚-846复合麻醉对犬肝肾功能影响的临床观察 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了探讨安氟醚-846复合麻醉对肝肾功能的影响,对未见肝肾功能异常的12头犬进行麻醉研究。试验犬被随机分为安氟醚-846组(5头,6.04±2.53kg,5.20±3.49岁)和846单独麻醉组(7头,7.19±1.30kg,1.59±2.18岁)。并麻醉前后采血,以全自动生化分析仪检测血浆AST、ALT、ALP、TP、GLB、ALB、A/G(ALB/GLB)、BUN、CREA、GLU。结果显示,安氟醚-846复合麻醉组犬的各个生化指标在麻醉前后虽有所变化,但它们的变化都在正常的参考值内且麻醉前后无显著性差异(p>0.05)。安氟醚-846复合麻醉适合于犬的常规外科手术,而且安全可靠。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2016,(8)
为了研究乳化异氟醚及异氟醚对犬血清中C反应蛋白(CRP)及总补体(CH50)含量的影响,将40只犬随机均分为乳化异氟醚复合制剂麻醉组(RYM组)、异氟醚麻醉组(YM组)、乳化异氟醚复合制剂麻醉+手术(RYMS)及异氟醚麻醉+手术(YMS)四组。RYM、YM两组只进行麻醉不进行手术,RYMS、YMS两组在实施麻醉的同时分别进行肠管吻合术,在麻醉前(T0)、手术完成即刻(T1,而RYM和YM组在麻醉后35~40 min进行采样)、术后24 h(T2)、术后48 h(T3)、术后72 h(T4)等时间点,采血,测定血清中CRP及CH50含量。结果表明,乳化异氟醚复合麻醉及麻醉下手术对犬血清中CRP、CH50含量的影响,与异氟醚相似,两者无明显的差异。 相似文献
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本试验采用连续输注丙泊酚配合硬膜外麻醉,研究其对犬的麻醉效果和对呼吸系统的影响.选用成年杂种犬12只,随机分为两组.丙泊酚复合硬膜外阻滞为Ⅰ组(丙泊酚诱导量6 mg/kg体重,镇静维持剂量0.35±0.4 mg/kg体重·min,向硬膜外腔注射6 mg/kg体重的利多卡因);静脉连续输注丙泊酚为Ⅱ组(丙泊酚诱导麻醉6 mg/kg体重,麻醉维持剂量0.71±0.6 mg/kg体重·min).评价犬的麻醉效果和对呼吸系统的影响.单纯连续丙泊酚组镇痛、镇静和肌松效果良好,但是对呼吸系统的影响较大.丙泊酚配合硬膜外麻醉镇痛、肌松和镇静效果良好,对呼吸系统影响较小.连续注射丙泊酚配合硬膜外对犬进行麻醉过程平稳,麻醉效果良好,对呼吸系统影响较小,苏醒较快,未出现不良反应. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究静脉注射利多卡因及利多卡因复合芬太尼对异氟醚麻醉犬血气的影响,从而确定麻醉深度的变化情况,进而评价利多卡因及利多卡因复合芬太尼对异氟醚麻醉犬的安全性及可行性。采用健康杂交犬6只,分为利多卡因组和利多卡因复合芬太尼组,由股动脉穿刺抽取动脉血0.5mL进行血气分析。结果显示,利多卡因复合芬太尼组pH值在10min后与0min相比具有统计学意义。综合血气指标及临床表现得出静脉注射利多卡因及复合芬太尼对异氟醚麻醉犬麻醉及镇痛效果良好,且安全可靠。 相似文献
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七氟醚氟烷异氟醚对犬心脏功能影响的临床比较 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为评价七氟醚对心脏功能的影响。并与氟烷和异氟醚作比较，对动物医院就诊、心肺功能正常、拟作手术治疗的8例患犬进行麻醉试验，所有犬均以l-美散痛和安定和为麻醉前给药，分别以1.5%七氟醚、1.0%七氟醚与66.7%笑气、1.0%氟烷、1.5%异氟醚维持手术麻醉，并作人工呼吸，各组均未观察到心律异常，手术麻醉期间，七氟醚组犬心率降幅（4.73%）低于异氟醚组（9.74%)或氟烷组（10.23%)。七氟醚组、氟烷组和异氟醚组的收缩压/舒张压轻度升高（七氟醚3.38%/11.93%氟烷6.09%/9.09%，异氟醚4.82%/6.25%)。而七氟醚与笑气组的收缩压/舒张压则降低（6.84%/5.73%)。证实七氟醚应为临床首选的吸入麻醉剂。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(18)
为了探讨右美托咪定-利多卡因-丙泊酚静脉复合静脉注射麻醉方式对接受生理性去势手术犬的镇痛效果,试验将20只临床健康犬随机分为单一丙泊酚组(P组)、右美托咪定-丙泊酚组(DP组)、利多卡因-丙泊酚组(LP组)和右美托咪定-利多卡因-丙泊酚组(DLP组),均以0.25 mg/(kg·min)的剂量静脉注射丙泊酚用于基础麻醉,然后分别经另一静脉通道分别注射生理盐水(对照)、右美托咪定[0.5μg/(kg·h)]、利多卡因[100μg/(kg·min)]、右美托咪定[0.5μg/(kg·h)]+利多卡因[100μg/(kg·min)],用于犬的维持麻醉。所有犬只均给予负荷剂量的右美托咪定(1.0μg/kg)和利多卡因(1.5 mg/kg)作为麻醉前用药,并以丙泊酚诱导和辅助机械通气。根据心率、血压变化及犬的表现来调整术中丙泊酚的用量,并麻醉维持至手术结束。记录犬麻醉前后血液学指标变化和苏醒时间,根据格拉斯哥综合疼痛评分系统(GCMPS)评价犬术后的疼痛反应,对于观察期第4小时得分大于9的犬需额外给予曲马多镇痛。结果表明:给予负荷剂量的右美托咪定和利多卡因后,犬只诱导麻醉和插管过程顺畅,可以平稳进入麻醉维持阶段,期间犬的心率稳步下降。在监测的各个时相点,随着手术刺激强度的增加,DLP组犬只的心率和血压变化较为平稳,均在临床接受范围内。维持麻醉所需的丙泊酚用量[(0.23±0.03)mg/(kg·min)]也明显减少,与其他组差异显著(P0.05)。麻醉前后,P组犬只的白细胞数、红细胞数、血红蛋白浓度、血细胞比容、二氧化碳分压变化显著(P0.05),其他组血液学指标的整体变化不显著(P0.05)。虽然DLP组犬的苏醒期延长,但苏醒过程较为平稳。此外,DLP组术后的平均疼痛评分均低于其他组,需要额外给予镇痛剂的比例也更少(P0.05)。说明右美托咪定、利多卡因联合用于持续静脉注射可以为丙泊酚静脉平衡麻醉提供安全、稳定的效果,减少丙泊酚的麻醉用量和术后止痛药的使用,适用于外科手术的麻醉。 相似文献
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现今用于山羊的麻醉剂较多,常用的有静松灵、846合剂(速眠新)、眠乃宁、戊巴比妥钠、盐酸氯胺酮、MD合剂等[1-7].静松灵对山羊具有较强的镇痛和肌松效果,麻醉深度也较易控制,但抑制呼吸和心肌收缩,并且很难缓解,还能使体温略微升高[2].846合剂麻醉山羊时诱导时间较长,麻醉深度容易控制,对呼吸的抑制小,但是镇静、镇痛、肌松效果一般[2];眠乃宁对山羊有良好的镇静、镇痛、肌松效果,且诱导时间短,作用时间长,但是对呼吸系统有明显抑制,麻醉深度也不易控制[3].并且846合剂和眠乃宁中的盐酸双氢埃托啡在1998年被我国列为毒品而禁止使用[1].安氟醚麻醉剂、速眠新Ⅱ麻醉剂对山羊肝脏和肾脏功能都有不同程度的损害,且安氟醚吸入麻醉对肝功能的影响大于速眠新肌肉麻醉,但是后者对肾功能的影响大于前者[4].因此,山羊的复方化学麻醉制剂的研制具有重要的理论价值和实践意义. 相似文献
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为探讨丙泊酚静脉麻醉与安氟醚吸入麻醉在巴马小型猪体外循环(CPB)中的麻醉效果,本研究选用巴马小型猪10头,平均分成2组,分别进行丙泊酚静脉麻醉和安氟醚吸入麻醉;开胸后进行全血肝素化处理,分别于升主动脉、上腔静脉和下腔静脉插管,连接体外循环机进行CPB;观察并记录麻醉诱导前(T0)、麻醉诱导后(T1)、CPB前即刻(T2)、降温至30 ℃(T3)、阻断主动脉前即刻(T4)、阻断主动脉后4 min(T5)、开始复温即刻(T6)、停CPB即刻(T7)、关胸后即刻(T8)及手术结束拔管后10 min(T9)10个时间点各组试验猪的生命体征、鼻温(NT)、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、pH及血氧饱和度(SPO2)指标。结果2组试验猪于CPB实施前后的基本情况如体重、手术时间和麻醉时间等指标均无显著性差异(P＞0.05);安氟醚组恢复自主呼吸的时间显著短于丙泊酚组(P＜0.05);与T0和T1相比,各组试验猪在CPB进行时其NT、HR和MAP值均显著降低(P＜0.05);但各组间及组内SPO2和pH差异不显著(P＞0.05)。由此可见,丙泊酚静脉麻醉与安氟醚吸入麻醉均可用于巴马小型猪CPB中的麻醉。选用丙泊酚时,应根据手术过程中试验动物的反应情况适当调整用量;而安氟醚麻醉过程相对平稳,麻醉效果好,术后苏醒快,适合情况复杂且时间较长的手术。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献