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为了建立一种对近交系大鼠遗传物质进行精确可靠、快速简便的监测方法,利用DNA指纹技术对国内6个品系8个近交系大鼠群体进行了DNA多态性的分析,并与PCR扩增微卫星DNA技术进行了比较.其结果显示(1)不同品系之间DNA指纹图差异较大,同一群体不同个体间DNA指纹图带的相似系数和共有带率除SHR(哈)和WKY(哈)小于0.7外,其他均大于0.9.不同地区同一SHR间和WKY间DNA指纹图也存在差异,相同DNA不同次制作的DNA指纹图谱基本一致.(2)不同品系个体间微卫星DNA具有显著多态性;同一群体不同个体之间除SHR(哈)的SMST位点和WKY(哈)的AGT位点出现一定的差异外,其他均没有差异.DNA指纹图能更精确可靠地反映出动物个体间的遗传背景,而微卫星DNA遗传监测方法比较简便快捷. 相似文献
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为了建立一种对近交系大鼠遗传物质进行精确可靠、快速简便的监测方法，利用DNA指纹技术对国内6个品系8个近交系大鼠群体进行了DNA多态性的分析，并与PCR扩增微卫星DNA技术进行了比较。其结束显示：(1)不同品系之间DNA指纹图差异较大，同一群体不同个体间DNA指纹图带的相似系数和共有带率除SHR（哈)和WKY(哈)小于0．7外，其他均大于0．9。不同地区同一SHR间和WKY间DNA指纹图也存在差异，相同DNA不同次制作的DNA指纹图谱基本一致。(2)不同品系个体间微卫星DNA具有显著多态性；同一群体不同个体之间除SHR(哈)的SMST位点和WKY(哈)的AGT位点出现一定的差异外，其他均没有差异。DNA指纹图能更精确可靠地反映出动物个体间的遗传背景，而微卫星DNA遗传监测方法比较简便快捷。 相似文献
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近交系大鼠DNA指纹图稳定性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为建立ＤＮＡ指纹技术在近交系大鼠遗传监测中的方法，采用ＤＮＡ指纹图对国内已知的７个品系近交系大鼠群体进行了分析，并对相同ＤＮＡ进行了多次ＤＮＡ指纹图重复实验，其结果表明：不同品系之间ＤＮＡ指纹图差异较大，其平均图带数为（１６．３６０±２．１７８），共有带率为（０．０６１±０．００８），相似系数为（０．０６２±０．００８），相同ＤＮＡ指纹图概率为３．６９１×１０－２３。相同ＤＮＡ不同次制作的ＤＮＡ指纹图谱基本一致（Ｐ＞０．０５）。同一个体不同组织的ＤＮＡ指纹图也基本相同，从而证实了该方法具有高度的稳定性和可重复性。 相似文献
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应用微卫星PCR对中国3个品系实验用小型猪的遗传检测 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以 12个 STR(shord tandem repeat)座位的 PCR对中国 3个品系实验用小型猪进行了遗传检测。结果 ,3个座位品系间扩增结果相同 ;9个座位呈现品系间多态性 ,其中 2个座位在 3个品系间均具有差异。贵州小型香猪与西双版纳近交系小耳猪间有 6个座位有差异 ,其遗传距离为 0 .186 4;贵州小型香猪与广西巴马小型猪间有 3个座位有差异 ,其遗传距离为 0 .12 73;广西巴马小型猪与西双版纳近交系小耳猪间有 5个座位有差异 ,其遗传距离为 0 .1333。由此表明 ,3个品系小型猪间的遗传背景具有一定差异 ,同时表明这 9个座位可选择为小型猪遗传检测的多态性座位。 相似文献
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用寡核苷酸探针对近交系小鼠DNA指纹图谱的分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用DNA指纹技术，用非放射性标记的寡核苷酸探针(GGAT)。对3个清洁级近交小鼠品系C57、DBA／2、BALB／c进行检测，分析其DNA指纹图谱。结果显示，不同品系近交系小鼠的DNA指纹图谱有明显差异，而品系内小鼠之间的DNA指纹图谱基本一致。证明DNA指纹技术能够较好地检测出近交系小鼠的基因纯合性，反映其遗传质量，可以应用于对近交系小鼠的遗传质量监测。 相似文献
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封闭群 Wistar大鼠的微卫星 DNA遗传监测分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随机选取9只SPF级Wistar大鼠,其中4只雌性和5只雄性.在大鼠染色体上筛选了30个基因座位点,利用PCR扩增技术对封闭群Wistar大鼠群体进行了微卫星DNA多态性分析.结果有30对引物经扩增后均有图带产生,没有无效基因存在,图带均为双带.不同个体间的相似系数主要分布在0.3～0.8之间,在0.5～0.8之间占总数的94.4%,最高值为0.733.9号个体与其余个体间相似系数相对低于其他个体间的相似系数.筛选出了19个微卫星位点具有显著多态性,为建立一种对Wistar大鼠进行准确可靠、快速简便的遗传监测方法提供了依据. 相似文献
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应用随机扩增多态性DNA(random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD) 技术分析河南省4个地方鸡的品系,固始鸡快羽GK系、固始鸡慢羽GM系、矮小型绿壳蛋鸡、黄麻羽丝毛乌骨鸡的遗传变异。用186个随机引物对4个鸡种基因组DNA池扩增筛选,40个引物产生多态性。此40个引物经重新优化反应体系后,对120个个体的基因组DNA 进行RAPD分析。40个引物共产生387种扩增片段,扩增产物片段的长度大小在100～2220 bp范围内。利用电泳分析数据分别计算4个品系群体之间的遗传相似系数和遗传距离指数,结果4个鸡种的亲缘关系与它们的引种情况基本一致。同时也证明了RAPD技术可以作为分子标记,很好地检测鸡种群内的遗传变异及区分不同鸡品系。 相似文献
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苜蓿新品系Dy-2006亲缘关系的SSR分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用SSR分子标记对苜蓿新品系Dy-2006等6个苜蓿品种(品系)亲缘关系进行了分析.8对SSR引物共扩增出128个位点,106个位点显多态性,多态位点比率82.81%;不同苜蓿品种(品系)SSR多态性百分率存在一定差异,在32.81%～45.31%之间.遗传相似度(F)和遗传距离(D)的变化分别范围在0.9062～0.9689和0.0326～0.0762.聚类分析结果显示,新品系Dy-2006与龙牧801亲缘关系相对较近,与阿尔冈金亲缘关系较远,并与其它供试品种存在一定差异,为一个相对独立的品系. 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献