首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 468 毫秒
1.
环丙沙星在肉仔鸡组织中残留的研究   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  
用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测肉仔鸡肌肉、脂肪、皮肤、肾脏和肝脏组织中环丙沙星的残留。肉仔鸡肌肉、脂肪、皮肤、肾脏和肝脏组织经二氯甲烷溶液提取,提取液浓缩后用含内标物的水溶液溶解。以0 015mol/L四丁基溴化铵/乙腈(92/8,v/v)作流动相,用SymmetryC18柱(5μm,3 9mm×150mm),在激发波长280nm、发射波长455nm处,用荧光检测器检测。将环丙沙星以0 01、0 05和0 50mg/kg分别添加到空白组织中,测得肌肉、脂肪、皮肤、肾脏和肝脏组织的回收率分别为72 2%～77 9%、73 2%～79 6%、72 4%～77 1%、69 6%～76 5%和70 0%～77 8%,变异系数均低于11 1%。用该方法测定肌肉、脂肪、皮肤、肝脏和肾脏组织中环丙沙星的最低检测限均为0 003mg/kg。肉仔鸡分别用50mg/L和100mg/L盐酸环丙沙星水溶液连续混饮各7d(35～41日龄)后,各组织中环丙沙星残留消除缓慢。休药7d时,肌肉、脂肪组织中环丙沙星残留量均低于0 03mg/kg;休药9d时,皮肤组织中环丙沙星残留量均低于0 03mg/kg;休药12d时,肾脏、肝脏组织中环丙沙星残留量均低于0 03mg/kg,而肌肉、脂肪和皮肤组织中环丙沙星残留量均低于最低检测限(0 003mg/kg);且随着环丙沙星混饮浓度的增大,环丙沙星在各组织中的残留量也相应增大。  相似文献   

2.
盐酸沙拉沙星在鸡体内的药代动力学及残留的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
为研究盐酸沙拉沙星在蛋鸡体内组织动力学与残留，选用成年健康蛋鸡95只进行试验。按10mg/kg体重口服给药，给药后定期采样，测定血清及心，肝，肾，肌肉中盐酸沙拉沙星的含量。结果表明：盐酸沙拉沙星在血液中经时过程符合一级吸收一室模型，主要动力学参数t1/2k3.793h,tmax1.5807h,cmax0.7429μg/ml,AUC5.3790μg/ml.h。心脏，肾脏符合一级吸收三项指数方程，主要动力学参数分别为t1/2B7.765h,40.26h,t1/2a1.6027h,4.418h,tmax1.6826h,1.9855h,cmax0.5129μg/ml,0.9090μg/ml,AUC9.0265,10.894μg/ml.hμg/ml.h。肝脏，肌肉符合一级吸收二项指数方程，主要动力学参数分别为t1/2k3.1587h,4.124h,tmax1.9764h,3.5679h,cmax3.737μg/ml,0.6956μg/ml,AUC31.354μg/ml.h,5.3269μg/ml.h。盐酸沙拉星在蛋鸡体内残留为7天。  相似文献   

3.
达氟沙星(Danofloxacin)在鸡体内的组织残留   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
建立了坞组织中达氟沙星(Danonoxacin)的高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定方法，并测定了鸡单次内服(每千克体重5mg)给药后组织中的达氟沙星残留特征。组织样品用含0．015mol／L H3PO4和0．015mol／L HClO4的水-甲醇(50:50)提取，50℃水浴酸性水解90min，离心后取上清液作HPLC检测。色谱枉为Hypersil BDSC18柱；荧光检测器检测，激发波长280nm，发射波长440nm；流动相为含0．015mol／L四丁基溴化铵的水-乙腈(905:95，组织检测时为915：85)混合物，85％磷酸调pH为3．0。血浆、肝脏、肾脏、肺脏、肌肉中达氟沙星的检测限为0．02mg／L或0．02Pg／g，血浆样品回收率大于90％，组织样品回收率均大于74％。鸡单次内服甲磺酸达氟沙星后，在60h内各组奴中均可检出药物，但在48h所有组织中药物残留量均低于相应的MRLs(最高残留限量)。结果表明，达氟沙星在鸡组织中消除相对较慢。  相似文献   

4.
建立了猪肝脏、肾脏、肌肉和脂肪中盐酸沃尼妙林的高效液相色谱检测方法并研究盐酸沃尼妙林预混剂在猪体内各组织中的残留消除规律。对24头健康猪以200mg/kg的剂量混饲给药21d。在停药后0、6、12、18、24、36h分别宰杀4头猪,采集各组织进行药物残留测定。方法的检测限为0.025～0.062 5μg/g,定量限为0.05～0.1μg/g,肝脏的平均回收率为75.5%～76.4%,变异系数为2.3%～3.8%;肾脏的平均回收率为75.8%～78.5%,变异系数为4.1%～6.0%;肌肉的平均回收率为79.3%～80.0%,变异系数为3.0%～4.7%;脂肪的平均回收率为76.7%～77.3%,变异系数为3.3%～5.4%。结果表明,盐酸沃尼妙林在肝脏中残留量最高,肾脏其次;肌肉和脂肪中的残留量显著低于肝脏和肾脏,停药24h时,残留量低于定量限;停药36h时残留量均低至检测限以下。盐酸沃尼妙林预混剂在猪组织中消除迅速,建议休药期为2d。  相似文献   

5.
妥曲珠利在肉鸡组织中残留的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测肉鸡肌肉、肝脏和肾脏组织中妥曲珠利的残留量。将妥曲珠利以20、200和2 000μg/kg的含量分别添加到空白组织中,测得肌肉、肝脏和肾脏组织的回收率大于75%,变异系数均低于7%。用该方法测定肌肉、肝脏和肾脏组织中妥曲珠利的最低检测限为10μg/kg。肉鸡分别在第9,10,16,17,23,24天以8 mg/kg的剂量灌服2.5%妥曲珠利溶液,每天给药1次。最后一次给药后测定不同组织中妥曲珠利的浓度。停药后肌肉、肝脏、肾脏组织中妥曲珠利的残留量逐渐下降;停药第6天后肌肉中检测不到妥曲珠利,停药后第7天肝脏和肾脏组织中均检测不到。  相似文献   

6.
本试验旨在研究阿莫西林在鸡组织中残留消除规律。鸡组织样品经磷酸二氢钠溶液提取,乙腈去蛋白,正己烷去脂肪,饱和二氯甲烷萃取,上清液经水杨醛在酸性条件下沸水浴衍生化后,在激发波长358nm、发射波长440nm处用高效液相色谱荧光检测器检测。该方法测定鸡组织中阿莫西林的检测限为5μg/kg、定量限为13μg/kg。阿莫西林在鸡组织样品中平均回收率为73.64%~88.82%,相对标准差为6.21%~9.63%。各试验组京海黄鸡分别按体质量以30、60mg/kg剂量内服阿莫西林,每天1次,连续给药7d,休药4h后(零休药期)各组织中阿莫西林残留量最高,休药第3天各组织中阿莫西林残留量均迅速降低;休药后第5天阿莫西林残留量低于最高残留限量(50μg/kg);休药第9天所有组织中阿莫西林残留量均低于检测限;休药后相同时间点鸡肌肉中药物残留量最低,肝脏中的药物残留量最高;阿莫西林在鸡肾脏中残留比鸡肌肉、肝脏消除缓慢且消除时间长;阿莫西林在鸡组织中的残留量与给药剂量呈正相关。根据WT1.4软件计算所得,建议黄羽肉鸡按体质量以30、60mg/kg剂量给药,每天1次,连续7d后,其休药期(WT)分别为3、4d。  相似文献   

7.
抗球虫新药癸氧喹酯在鸡体内的残留试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
建立了高效液相色谱-荧光法(HPLC-FLD)来检测肉鸡肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和皮肤/脂肪组织中癸氧喹酯的残留量。将癸氧喹酯以0.05,0.2,0.6μg/g的含量分别添加到空白组织中,测得肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和皮肤/脂肪组织的回收率大于75%,变异系数低于9%。用该方法测定肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和皮肤/脂肪组织中癸氧喹酯的最低检测限为0.01μg/g。试验鸡以30mg/L的癸氧喹酯的剂量连续7d饮水给药,停药后各组织中癸氧喹酯的残留量逐渐下降;停药第3天后肌肉中检测不到癸氧喹酯,停药后第5天所有组织中均检测不到残留药物。  相似文献   

8.
建立了猪、牛、羊、鸡、兔的肌肉、脂肪、肝脏和肾脏四种组织中环丙沙星、达氟沙星、恩诺沙星、沙拉沙星和二氟沙星残留量检测的高效液相色谱法。试样经磷酸盐溶液提取,C18固相萃取柱浓缩净化后,用高效液相色谱分析,荧光检测器检测,外标法定量。5种药物在0.1～100μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好。环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、沙拉沙星和二氟沙星在五种动物肌肉、脂肪组织中的定量限为5μg/kg,在肝脏、肾脏组织中的定量限为10μg/kg;达氟沙星在肌肉、脂肪组织中的定量限为1μg/kg,在肝脏、肾脏组织中的定量限为2μg/kg。在指定的三个浓度添加水平下,5种药物在各组织中的平均回收率为62%～103%;批内变异系数为0.30%～18%,批间变异系数为1.0%～17%。该方法操作简单,准确度和精密度好,动物品种及动物组织覆盖范围广,可以很好地满足实际检测工作的需要。  相似文献   

9.
恩诺沙星微囊制剂在猪体内残留消除规律研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
采用高效液相色谱法研究恩诺沙星微囊制剂在猪体内各组织中的残留消除规律。恩诺沙星微囊制剂混饲,连续给药7 d,宰杀猪,取组织。组织样品经磷酸盐缓冲液提取,C18固相萃取柱净化,过膜,用流动相:0.05 mol/L磷酸溶液/三乙胺-乙腈(82+18)溶解,微孔过滤,进行HPLC分析。结果表明,当样品浓度为0.02～1μg/g时,线性关系良好。该法最低检测限为20μg/kg,回收率在72%～90%之间,变异系数小于10%。残留在肌肉、脂肪中的恩诺沙星和环丙沙星消除较快,第5天总残留量已下降至检测限以下;肝和肾脏中的残留药物消除较缓慢,第7天肾中药物总残留量为91.48μg/kg。综合各组织中总残留量和MRL规定,建议恩诺沙星微囊制剂休药期为7 d。  相似文献   

10.
建立了鸡蛋中沙拉沙星残留检测的液相色谱-串联质谱法。样品经1 mol/L磷酸和乙腈提取后,饱和正己烷除脂净化,以0.1%甲酸溶液和乙腈为流动相,液相色谱-串联质谱法测定,内标法定量。试验结果表明：沙拉沙星在1～25 ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r大于0.999。沙拉沙星在鸡全蛋及其蛋清、蛋黄中的检测限均为0.5μg/kg,定量限为1μg/kg。沙拉沙星在1、10、20μg/kg浓度添加水平内的平均回收率范围为97.0%～105.4%,批内、批间相对标准偏差在1.3%～10.3%范围之间。本方法适用于鸡全蛋及其蛋清、蛋黄中沙拉沙星残留量的测定。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号