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黄芪多糖对奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的体外抑菌作用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
采用水提醇治法提取黄芪多糖,并应用琼脂扩散法研究了黄芪多糖对几种奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的抑制效果。结果表明,10 mg/mL的黄芪多糖对3种细菌都有一定的抑制效果,其中对大肠埃希菌的抑制作用最强,抑菌圈达11.05 mm±0.31 mm,对链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈分别为8.50 mm±0.71 mm和9.32 mm±0.21 mm。3种细菌的最小抑菌浓度不同,对大肠埃希菌的最小抑菌浓度为6.6 mg/mL,而对金黄色葡萄球菌和链球菌则为10.0 mg/mL。 相似文献
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本试验应用平板法研究了紫锥菊多糖对导致奶牛乳房炎的2种主要致病菌大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果。结果表明,20mg/ml的紫锥菊多糖对大肠埃希菌及金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑制效果,其中对大肠埃希菌的抑制作用较强,抑菌圈达12.55±0.21mm,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈为9.20±0.34mm。对大肠埃希菌的最小抑菌浓度为5.0mg/ml而对金黄色葡萄球菌则为10.0 mg/ml。 相似文献
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本试验应用平板法研究了紫锥菊多糖对导致奶牛乳房炎的2种主要致病菌大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果。结果表明,20mg／ml的紫锥菊多糖对大肠埃希菌及金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑制效果,其中对大肠埃希菌的抑制作用较强,抑菌圈达12．55±0．21mm,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈为9．20±0．34mm。对大肠埃希菌的最小抑菌浓度为5.0mg／ml而对金黄色葡萄球菌则为10．0mg／ml。 相似文献
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为评价戊二醛-癸甲溴铵复合剂在不同条件下对大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌效果,本研究通过悬液定量杀菌试验探究戊二醛-癸甲溴铵复合剂在不同环境温度（4℃、25℃、37℃）、不同作用时间（1 min,5 min,10 min）以及存在有机干扰物（3%、25%的牛血清白蛋白）等条件下对猪源大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌作用。结果显示,在没有有机物干扰时,浓度为167 mg/L的戊二醛-癸甲溴铵复合剂在4℃、25℃、 37℃下均可在5 min内完全杀灭2种受试菌（107CFU）,说明环境温度对该复合剂的杀菌作用影响不明显。当有机物浓度为3%时,该复合剂在10 min内完全杀灭大肠埃希菌的最低浓度为250 mg/L,金黄色葡萄球菌为125 mg/L;有机物浓度为25%时,作用时间不低于10 min,完全杀灭大肠埃希菌的最低浓度为1000 mg/L,金黄色葡萄球菌为1250 mg/L。有机物含量高杀灭相同数量受试菌所需复合剂的量也需要加大、作用时间延长,说明有机干扰物对复合剂的杀菌作用影响较大。本研究结果提示,为达到较好的杀菌效果,建议养殖场在使用戊二醛-癸甲溴铵复合剂时的有效浓度不低于1250 mg/L、作用时间10 min以上时杀菌效果更好。 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2020,(5)
利用分光光度计实现大肠埃希菌快速细菌计数方法的建立及应用。分别在450、570、600、650nm 4个波长下,用分光光度计对大肠埃希菌菌悬液进行平板计数与吸光度值测量,确定大肠埃希菌细菌数量与吸光度值之间的线性关系及测量菌液浓度的最佳波长。经测定,上述波长在一定吸光度值范围内,大肠埃希菌细菌数量与吸光度值之间线性关系良好,其中线性关系成立最好的波长为600nm。在600nm波长下,建立以测定所得吸光度值(OD值)为横坐标,平板计数所得细菌数(×10~6 CFU/mL)为纵坐标描述二者相关线性关系的标准曲线,曲线回归方程为y=1 437.3x-27.344(R~2=0.998)。经应用验证,该回归方程可信度达95%。利用所得曲线为细菌计数提供一种可供选择的方法,可以实现药敏试验等相关微生物试验中大肠埃希菌的快速计数。 相似文献
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以过硫酸氢钾消毒剂为研究对象,以大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为受试菌,通过悬液定量杀菌试验,研究在不同温度、作用时间和干扰物存在条件下,过硫酸氢钾的杀菌作用。结果显示,有机干扰物不存在时,在设定温度下(37、25、4℃),浓度为312.5mg/L~1 250mg/L的过硫酸氢钾对受试菌(107 CFU/mL)作用5min,杀菌率为100%;浓度为2 500mg/L时,1min可完全杀灭受试菌。当有机物(牛血清白蛋白)在菌液中的终浓度为30g/L时,室温下作用10min,完全杀灭大肠埃希菌浓度为625mg/L,金黄色葡萄球菌为2 500mg/L。有机物含量为250g/L时,相同条件下对大肠埃希菌的杀菌率为99.99%,对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率为99.97%。研究结果为过硫酸氢钾作为消毒剂的有效使用提供了参考。 相似文献
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目的是以大肠埃希菌为指示菌研究猪舍环境中微生物气溶胶产生及向其舍外环境的传播。采用Andersen-6级空气微生物样品收集器和RCS-离心式采样器分别在4个猪场舍内、舍外不同距离收集大肠埃希菌气溶胶,计算每个采样点大肠埃希菌的浓度;同时,采集猪的粪便,分离大肠埃希菌。利用ERIC-PCR技术,扩增其DNA条带,形成聚类图谱。通过每一个采样点大肠埃希菌遗传相似性分析及其浓度变化的比较,确认动物舍微生物气溶胶向舍外环境的传播模式。结果表明,4个猪场舍内空气中大肠埃希菌的浓度远远高于舍外大肠埃希菌浓度(P0.05)。52.4%粪便大肠埃希菌与舍内空气中的大肠埃希菌相似性可达90%以上;从猪场舍外下风方向分离到的多数大肠埃希菌(55%)与舍内空气或粪便中分离的大肠埃希菌相似性可达90%以上。说明源于猪舍的微生物气溶胶能够传播到舍外环境或居民社区,具有流行病学及公共卫生意义。 相似文献
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新疆不同动物源大肠埃希菌耐药性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了比较新疆不同动物源大肠埃希菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药情况,从猪场、羊场和牛场分别分离猪源大肠埃希菌454株、羊源大肠埃希菌638株和牛源大肠埃希菌89株,用微量肉汤法对上述细菌进行临床常用β-内酰胺类、氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类和酰胺醇类抗菌药物最小抑菌浓度测定。结果表面,猪源大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林(67.0%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(63.7%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在10.4%~41.2%之间;羊源大肠埃希菌对安普霉素(33.9%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(21.2%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在3.1%~15.6%之间;牛源大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林(24.4%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(8.9%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在1.1%~6.7%之间。多药耐药结果,猪源大肠埃希菌以2耐~5耐为主,羊源大肠埃希菌以0耐~2耐为主,牛源大肠埃希菌以0耐~1耐为主。新疆猪源大肠埃希菌对临床常用抗菌药物耐药情况最严重,羊源菌次之,牛源菌最轻;猪源大肠埃希菌多药耐药现象严重。 相似文献
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《中兽医医药杂志》2020,(3)
研究加味黄连解毒汤对超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌耐药性的逆转作用及机制研究。用肉汤稀释法确定加味黄连解毒汤的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),以低于MIC的浓度,在不同时间下培养耐药大肠埃希菌,采用纸片扩散法测定其逆转效果;提取ESBLs,测定酶活性及含量;运用96孔酶标板结晶紫法测定并分析加味黄连解毒汤对大肠埃希菌生物膜形成的抑制作用。结果显示,0.5 g/L加味黄连解毒汤作用7 d,逆转效果最佳,可显著增大头孢吡肟的抑菌圈直径。加味黄连解毒汤可以抑制ESBLs的活性和含量(P0.05)。加味黄连解毒汤能够抑制大肠埃希菌生物膜的形成,且呈时间和浓度依赖性。其中0.5 g/L的加味黄连解毒汤作用于产ESBLs大肠埃希菌7 d后,对生物膜形成的抑制率为31.5%。说明加味黄连解毒汤能够通过抑制ESBLs的活性和含量以及生物膜的形成,从而逆转大肠埃希菌耐药性。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2014,(1)
通过中药黄芪提取物对小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞NIH-3T3增殖,细胞周期及胶原合成的影响,为黄芪在创伤愈合中的作用提供依据。试验以体外培养小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞NIH-3T3,细胞传代,随机分为两组,对照组和药物干预组,加入不同浓度的黄芪提取物干预细胞24 h,分别采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖率,流式细胞术检测细胞周期比例,羟脯氨酸试剂盒检测细胞胶原分泌含量。试验结果表明,黄芪提取物浓度为6.5X10(-5)g/L时,吸光度与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05),当黄芪提取物浓度为8×10(-5)g/L时,吸光度与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05),当黄芪提取物浓度为8×10(-3)g/L,1.6×10(-3)g/L,1.6×10(-3)g/L,3.2×10(-3)g/L,3.2×10(-4)g/L时,干预细胞24 h,吸光度较对照组差异极显著(P<0.01)。采用流式细胞术检测细胞周期同样证明了在浓度8×10(-4)g/L时,干预细胞24 h,吸光度较对照组差异极显著(P<0.01)。采用流式细胞术检测细胞周期同样证明了在浓度8×10(-3)g/L,1.6×10(-3)g/L,1.6×10(-3)g/L,3.2×10(-3)g/L,3.2×10(-4)g/L时干预细胞,S期比例较对照组差异极显著(P<0.01),羟脯氨酸试剂盒检测黄芪提取物干预细胞合成胶原含量均有增加,且8×10(-4)g/L时干预细胞,S期比例较对照组差异极显著(P<0.01),羟脯氨酸试剂盒检测黄芪提取物干预细胞合成胶原含量均有增加,且8×10(-3)g/L,1.6×10(-3)g/L,1.6×10(-3)g/L浓度时,差异极显著(P<0.01)。从而表明,黄芪提取物能促进NIH-3T3细胞增殖,促进胶原合成。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献