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1.
根据中兽医辨证论治理论、体外抑菌试验及中草药体内筛选试验结果 ,组成 2个复方制剂对人工感染肠炎沙门氏菌病鸭作治疗保护试验 ,同时测定感染病鸭口服中草药制剂后血清中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性和丙二醛 (MDA)的含量 ,对药物作用机理作初步探索。结果显示“肠炎康 1号”高、中、低 3个剂量组和“肠炎康 2号”高剂量组及氟甲砜霉素对照组对人工感染肠炎沙门氏菌病鸭均有较好的治疗作用 ,与感染对照组的自然保护率 (72 .7%)比较 ,差异极显著 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,而“肠炎康2号”中、低剂量组与感染对照组比较 ,差异显著 (P<0 .0 5 )。中草药制剂在促进病鸭康复的过程中影响了体内自由基的活动。  相似文献   

2.
研究以白头翁为主药的复方制剂的体外抑菌效果及对人工感染沙门氏菌雏鸭的治疗效果。体外抑菌试验中,复方制剂4的抑菌圈直径最大,达到17.6 mm,最低抑菌浓度为166.7 mg/mL,明显高于其它各组,说明沙门氏菌对制剂高度敏感;体内抑菌试验结果显示,高剂量组的治疗效果最好,保护率可以达到80%,与头孢噻呋组接近,体质量增加890 g,与阴性对照组基本一致。攻毒后,雏鸡血液中的红细胞数量显著降低、白细胞数量显著升高(P≤0.01),给予中药治疗后9~12 d,红细胞数量、白细胞数量恢复或接近正常水平,说明以白头翁为君药的复方制剂4对雏鸭沙门氏菌病有良好的治疗效果。  相似文献   

3.
中药复方制剂防治实验性禽大肠杆菌病的疗效试验   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
应用中药水煎液对禽大肠杆菌进行试验,根据中兽医辨证论治理论结合体外抑菌试验的结果,组成两个复方制剂对人工感染禽大肠杆菌病鸭作治疗及预防保护试验;结果两个复方制剂的治疗保护率为制剂Ⅰ84.8%,制剂Ⅱ87.9%,感染对照组的自然保护率为21.2%.两复方制剂的预防保护率分别为93.9%和90.9%,感染对照组的自然保护率为24.2%.试验各组之间鸭的增重差异不显著.  相似文献   

4.
为了探明中草药复方对雏鸡感染肠炎沙门氏菌(S.Enteritidis)的防治效果,本研究选取黄连、鹿蹄草、白头翁等23味中草药组成的复方中草药制剂进行体外和体内抑菌试验。体外抑菌试验中草药复方的抑菌直径为17.4 mm,说明沙门氏菌对其高度敏感。体内抑菌试验中,将中草药复方以低(0.1%)、中(0.3%)、高(0.5%) 3个剂量进行治疗试验,结果表明,肠炎沙门氏菌感染后,与对照组相比,3个试验组均极显著提高了试验鸡的成活率(P0.01),显著降低了试验鸡的料重比(F/G)(P0.05),中、高剂量组的平均日增重(ADG)显著高于对照组(P0.05),中剂量组的平均日采食量(ADFI)显著低于对照组(P0.05)。3个试验组试验鸡的脾脏指数、白细胞数量(WBC)、血小板计数(PLT)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、IgG、IgM、补体C4含量均显著低于对照组(P0.05),而胸腺指数、法氏囊指数、红细胞数量(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,抗菌肽基因(CATH1、CATH2、CATH3)在脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊中的表达量均不同程度地高于对照组。综合试验结果,日粮中添加中草药复方可以降低雏鸡感染肠炎沙门氏菌后的死亡率,提高雏鸡的免疫能力和抗菌能力,改善生长性能,其中,中剂量组(0.3%)的防治效果最佳。  相似文献   

5.
氟苯尼考与多西环素复方制剂对鸡大肠杆菌病的疗效试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用氟苯尼考与多西环素复方制剂对人工诱发的鸡大肠杆菌病进行治疗。试验结果表明,人工诱发的鸡大肠杆菌疾病模型是成功的,且治疗试验结果显示:该制剂可溶性粉3个剂量组、药物对照组死亡率均极显著低于感染对照组(P<0.01),治愈率极显著高于感染对照组(P<0.01);高、中剂量组治愈率与死亡率无统计学差异(P>0.05),但均显著高于多西环素对照组(P<0.05),而低剂量组与多西环素对照组比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。各用药组鸡相对增重率与感染对照组相比较差异极显著(P<0.01),而各用药组之间相比较,差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明该制剂在临床中有一定的实用价值,值得推广使用。  相似文献   

6.
复方氨苄西林可溶性粉为氨苄西林与盐酸环丙沙星组成的复方制剂.为了验证临床疗效,以人工诱发鸡大肠杆菌病为模型,采用高、中、低三个治疗剂量与相应的氨苄西林和盐酸环丙沙星三个剂量的单方制剂进行了比较,结果:复方氨苄西林可溶性粉治疗组与阳性对照组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01);复方氨苄西林高、中、低三个剂量组与氨苄西林高、中、低三个剂量组比较差异显著(P＜0.05),与盐酸环丙沙星三个剂量组比较,死亡率均低于相同剂量的盐酸环丙沙星对照组,但差异不显著(P＞0.05).在增重效果上,复方氨苄西林治疗组平均增重高于阳性对照组,其中高、中剂量组明显高于氨苄西林和盐酸环丙沙星对照组.结果表明:复方氨苄西林可溶性粉对鸡大肠杆菌病的疗效好于氨苄西林和盐酸环丙沙星的单方制剂,两药配伍有一定的增效作用.  相似文献   

7.
为了探明中草药复方对雏鸡感染肠炎沙门氏菌（S. Enteritidis）的防治效果,本研究选取黄连、鹿蹄草、白头翁等23味中草药组成的复方中草药制剂进行体外和体内抑菌试验。体外抑菌试验中草药复方的抑菌直径为17.4 mm,说明沙门氏菌对其高度敏感。体内抑菌试验中,将中草药复方以低（0.1%）、中（0.3%）、高（0.5%）3个剂量进行治疗试验,结果表明,肠炎沙门氏菌感染后,与对照组相比,3个试验组均极显著提高了试验鸡的成活率（P<0.01）,显著降低了试验鸡的料重比（F/G）（P<0.05）,中、高剂量组的平均日增重（ADG）显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,中剂量组的平均日采食量（ADFI）显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。3个试验组试验鸡的脾脏指数、白细胞数量（WBC）、血小板计数（PLT）、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、IgG、IgM、补体C4含量均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）,而胸腺指数、法氏囊指数、红细胞数量（RBC）、血红蛋白浓度（HGB）、红细胞压积（HCT）均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,抗菌肽基因（CATH1、CATH2、CATH3）在脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊中的表达量均不同程度地高于对照组。综合试验结果,日粮中添加中草药复方可以降低雏鸡感染肠炎沙门氏菌后的死亡率,提高雏鸡的免疫能力和抗菌能力,改善生长性能,其中,中剂量组（0.3%）的防治效果最佳。  相似文献   

8.
《畜牧与兽医》2017,(9):117-120
试验旨在了解国内某厂家研制的复方中药制剂"荆防败毒散"对小鹅瘟的治疗效果。试验设计高(1 g/L)、中(0.75 g/L)、低(0.5g/L)3个受试药物剂量组和1个"百毒清"药物对照组、1个抗体治疗组、2个对照组(感染对照和健康对照),共7个组别,进行人工感染小鹅瘟病毒后的治疗试验。结果表明,受试药物、对照药物和小鹅瘟抗体均对人工造病后的雏鹅生产性能有显著改善作用,相对增重率较感染对照组显著提高(P0.05)(χ2值分别为12.152 1,11.865 9,9.945 1,8.969 5,13.001 7);各治疗组均对患病雏鹅均有一定的临床疗效,总有效保护率低剂量组略差,高、中剂量组和对照药物组稍好,但均与感染对照组相比,差异显著(P0.05)(χ2值分别为10.003 2,11.062 1,9.025 3),抗体治疗组差异极显著(P0.01)(χ2=15.126 8)。结合实际治疗成本,中药复方制剂"荆防败毒散"按0.75 g/L的剂量,连续饮水给药3 d,对小鹅瘟有较好的治疗效果。  相似文献   

9.
复方制剂 (氟苯尼考—硫酸黏菌素可溶性粉)是一种西药复方制剂。本试验挑选大小均匀一致的鸡420只,随机分成14组,每组30只,分为复方制剂药物组（高、中、低3个剂量）、氟苯尼考对照组、硫酸黏菌素对照组、感染对照组、健康对照组共14个组,其中7组做预防保护试验,7组做治疗试验。试验结果表明,复方制剂对鸡大肠杆菌病具有明显的保护作用,可以用于鸡大肠杆菌病的防治。  相似文献   

10.
复方庆大霉素注射液治疗鸡的大肠杆菌病疗效试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
复方庆大霉素注射液为甲氧苄啶（ＴＭＰ）与庆大霉素组成的复方制剂。为确切了解其临床疗效，治疗鸡大肠杆菌病与单方庆大素注射液进行了疗效对比。试验结果说明复方庆大素在注射液高、中、低３个剂量组与感染对照组较Ｐ〈０．０１，差异极显著，治疗有效率达９６％以上。与方硫酸庆大霉素注射液高、中、低３个剂量对照组比较，Ｐ〈０．０５，差异显著。在增重效果上，复方庆大霉素注射液的增重率显著高于单方对照组及阳性对照组。故  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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