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添食氟化物对家蚕中肠组织细胞色素P450和b5含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
为了探讨家蚕对NaF的代谢机制,以家蚕耐氟品种T6和敏感品种734为材料,5龄起蚕分别添食用200、400mg/LNaF溶液浸泡后的桑叶,检测蚕体内氧化酶系重要成员细胞色素P450和b5的含量变化。添食NaF后的168h内,耐氟品种T6中肠组织的细胞色素P450含量比添食清水对照组高3～7倍,细胞色素b5含量的增长与细胞色素P450含量的增长具有较高的相关性(R2=0.8220);添食不同浓度NaF溶液的差异不显著。添食NaF后的24～48h,敏感品种734中肠组织的细胞色素P450含量迅速增加,为添食清水对照组的1～2倍,随后逐渐下降,细胞色素b5含量的增长与细胞色素P450含量的增长无较好的线性关系(R2=0.4727);添食不同浓度NaF溶液的差异不显著。在氟化物作用下,耐氟品种T6中肠组织的细胞色素P450、b5含量显著增加,对氟化物敏感品种734中肠组织的细胞色素P450、b5含量变化相对较小,推测细胞色素P450和b5与家蚕对氟化物的代谢具有一定关联。 相似文献
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讲演者已报告过人工饲料育蚕的病毒感染性比桑叶育蚕高,这次报告是因为研究了关于蚕儿用人工饲料饲育的时期长短与病毒感染性的关系。对5龄起蚕用桑叶添食CPV,比较1～4龄人工饲料育、1～3龄人工饲料4龄桑叶育、1龄人工饲料2～4龄桑叶育、1～4龄桑叶育的蚕儿时,-log ED_(50)值分别为4.8、4.6、3.9、3.1,人工饲料育的时期越长病毒感染性越高。对4龄起蚕添食CPV时,也可以看到同样的倾向。在与上述相同 相似文献
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《广西蚕业》2002,(1)
EM是英文“有效微生物群”的简称 ,是引进日本先进技术生产的高科技生物产品 ,无毒副作用 ,不含化学成份和合成激素。EM沤制农家肥给桑田施肥和用 EM叶面喷施 ,桑树发病少 ,桑叶肥厚油绿 ,桑叶增产 2 5 %以上。EM喷洒桑叶给蚕添食 ,蚕儿食桑快 ,吃叶干净 ,提高桑叶利用率。蚕病少 ,结茧率高 ,茧质好 ,提高产茧产量 10 %左右。每张蚕种只需投入 5元钱 ,回报的效益却是 6倍以上。用法 :(1) 2～ 4龄蚕第二餐叶各龄用 10 0～ 2 0 0倍 EM原露溶液喷叶添食 1次。 (2 ) 5龄起蚕开始 ,每天用 5 0倍的 EM溶液添食 1次。注意事项 :(1)添食抗菌药… 相似文献
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家蚕抗氟新品种"耐1"实验室鉴定初报 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
家蚕新品种“耐1”是广西区蚕业技术推广总站参加广西“十五”科技攻关,为选育抗氟性强的强健性夏秋新品种所组配的一对四元杂交种,在高温多湿环境中进行NaF添食鉴定,从四龄第二口叶开始连续喂饲含氟量较高的桑叶(用300ppm的NaF溶液浸泡桑叶10分钟晾干后添食)至五龄四足天止,其结茧率为94.83%、虫蛹率90.63%,万头蚕产茧量15.398公斤,万头蚕茧层量3.334公斤,分别比对照“两广二号”高57.25%、60.83%、194.64%、206.43%,表现出较强的抗氟、抗高温多湿特性。 相似文献
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设饱食添食区与饱食对照区、吊食Ⅰ添食区与吊食Ⅰ对照区,吊食Ⅱ添食区与吊食Ⅱ对照区共6个处理,为5龄蚕起蚕添食营养饲料,每处理区再设一个重复区,每处理区蚕头数200头。添食区添食营养饲料,自5龄饷食开始到见熟蚕为止,每天3次,每次给桑前将营养饲料与冷开水按1∶10配兑的稀释液用喷雾器喷于桑叶上混匀后再稍晾干喂蚕;对照区则饲喂用清水进行同样处理的桑叶。试验结果表明添食桑蚕营养饲料可以增强蚕儿体质、提高其抗病能力,且能强化蚕的各种生理功能,促进蚕儿对桑叶的消化吸收,提高叶丝转化率等。 相似文献
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为了探究家蚕对NaF的代谢机制,以家蚕耐氟品种T6和氟化物敏感品种734为材料,从5龄起蚕开始分别添食50、100、200、400 mg/kg NaF溶液处理后的桑叶,检测蚕体中肠微粒体酶液中的黄素蛋白NADPH-细胞色素P450还原酶(CPR)和NADPH-细胞色素C还原酶(CR)的活性变化。氟物化敏感品种734的4个NaF处理组第3天的中肠CPR活性低于对照组,其余时间几乎都高于对照组,400 mg/kg NaF处理组在第4天的CPR活性最高,且各NaF处理组的CPR活性差异显著(P<0.05);耐氟品种T6 NaF处理组和对照组的中肠CPR活性整体上呈先升后降的趋势,几乎都在第2天达到最高值,各组之间的差异不显著(P>0.05)。氟化物敏感品种734的4个NaF处理组的中肠CR活性呈现先升后降的趋势,而对照组呈下降趋势;耐氟品种T6的50、100、400 mg/kg NaF处理组在第1～2天的中肠CR活性呈明显下降趋势,之后的变化相对较小,对照组的CR活性仅在第3～4天略高于NaF处理组,而其余时间NaF处理组的CR活性较高。2个家蚕品种添食不同浓度NaF后的中肠CR活性差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果显示,耐氟品种T6在NaF作用下中肠的CPR和CR活性变化范围(分别为对照组的0.4～2.0倍和0.3～2.9倍)远小于氟化物敏感品种734这2种酶的活性变化范围(分别为对照组的0.6～9.3倍和0.4～4.6倍)。初步推测CPR和CR与家蚕对氟化物代谢具有一定的关联。 相似文献
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“蚕用营养饲料”效果试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验用“蚕用营养饲料”按照产品使用说明书的要求在正常情况下添食5龄蚕，以清水添食为对照，结果表明：添食“蚕用营养饲料”，1．蚕茧产量可以提高8．95～12．33％。2．可以节省桑叶7．93％。3．可以提高茧质。其中，全茧量可以提高2．25～3．85％；茧层量可以提高1．73～5．09％；茧层率平均可以提高1．69％；4．蚕茧生产效率平均可以提高16．04％；茧层生产效率平均可以提高17．75％。5．可以减少蚕病的发生。其中，死笼率可以减少35．48％，虫蛹统一生命率可以提高4．53％。6．5龄经过时间比对照区少6小时，熟蚕体重增加1．87％。 相似文献
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家蚕添食脓微灵,亮蚕灵,复合酚试验初报 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为探讨有关药剂给蚕添食对防治蚕病的效果 ,1998年中秋蚕、1999年春蚕期 ,我们在海安镇平桥村三组杨本明家开展了家蚕添食脓微灵 (又名强力碘 )、亮蚕灵、复合酚的试验 ,对防治蚕病有一定的效果 ,现初报如下 :1 试验方法 1.1 添食药剂 :脓微灵、亮蚕灵、复合酚三种家蚕添食药剂。 1.2 添食方法与次数脓微灵 :将 10 0倍稀释液均匀喷洒在桑叶上 (与桑叶之比为 1:10 ,以下两种药剂稀释液与桑叶之比类同 ) ,稍晾干后给蚕添食 ,4龄起蚕添食一次 ,5龄起蚕隔日添食一次。亮蚕灵 :5 0倍稀释液 ,每支药剂加白酒10 0毫升 ,将稀释液与白酒混… 相似文献
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为了探明家蚕的耐氟性机制以及耐氟性在不同性别蚕体间的差异,以家蚕耐氟品种T6和氟化物敏感品种734为材料,自5龄起蚕开始分雌雄喂食清水和200 mg/kg NaF溶液浸泡后的桑叶,检测幼虫中肠谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)和头部乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活性变化。添食氟化物后耐氟和敏感家蚕品种5龄幼虫中肠的GST活力随添氟时间的变化趋势与对照组比较一致,且与对照组相比酶活性均呈增高趋势;敏感品种734添氟组5龄雌蚕的GST平均活力为雄蚕的1.486倍,耐氟品种T6添氟组5龄雌蚕的GST平均活力为雄蚕的1.529倍。敏感品种734对照组5龄幼虫在试验第3天头部的AChE酶活性显著升高,但添氟组雄蚕在试验第2天AChE酶活性即显著升高,而雌蚕的AChE酶活性在整个5龄试验期均呈平缓下降趋势;耐氟品种T6添氟组5龄雌、雄幼虫的AChE活力与对照组差异不大,酶活力随添氟时间的变化趋势也与对照组较为一致,均在第3天出现最低值;2个品种添氟组AChE酶活性的性别差异与GST相反,即雄蚕的AChE平均活力大于雌蚕。推测氟化物处理后耐氟家蚕品种仍然能够保持AChE酶活性水平,从而呈现对氟化物的耐受性;2种类型解毒酶活力在雌雄家蚕间的差异可能暗示同一品种雄蚕的耐氟能力较多涉及靶标抗性,而雌蚕的耐氟能力较多依赖于代谢抗性。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献