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《畜牧兽医学报》2020,(5)
旨在筛选适宜于猪丹毒丝菌灭活疫苗的佐剂。以分离鉴定出的猪丹毒丝菌1a型HG-1株灭活菌体为抗原分别配制矿物油佐剂疫苗(简称矿物油疫苗)、氢氧化铝胶佐剂疫苗(简称铝胶疫苗)、ISA201双相油乳佐剂疫苗(简称ISA201疫苗)、GEL02水溶性聚合物佐剂疫苗(简称GEL疫苗)、IMS1313水溶性纳米佐剂疫苗(简称IMS1313疫苗)共5种佐剂的灭活疫苗。小鼠免疫保护试验结果表明,二免14 d后使用约为4 LD_(50)的HG-1株对小鼠进行腹腔攻毒,矿物油疫苗和GEL疫苗的保护率分别为100%(7/7)和71%(5/7),其他三种佐剂疫苗的保护率均为14%(1/7)。本研究进一步选择铝胶疫苗和GEL疫苗进行猪体对比试验;仔猪安全性试验结果表明,两种佐剂疫苗的副反应均较小;免疫保护试验结果表明,两次免疫后使用约为16 LD_(100)的HG-1株对免疫仔猪进行耳缘静脉攻毒,两种佐剂疫苗的保护率分别为60%(3/5)和100%(5/5)。本研究最终选择GEL佐剂作为开发猪丹毒灭活疫苗的最适佐剂。 相似文献
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旨在筛选适宜于猪丹毒丝菌灭活疫苗的佐剂。以分离鉴定出的猪丹毒丝菌1a型HG-1株灭活菌体为抗原分别配制矿物油佐剂疫苗（简称矿物油疫苗）、氢氧化铝胶佐剂疫苗（简称铝胶疫苗）、ISA201双相油乳佐剂疫苗（简称ISA201疫苗）、GEL02水溶性聚合物佐剂疫苗（简称GEL疫苗）、IMS1313水溶性纳米佐剂疫苗（简称IMS1313疫苗）共5种佐剂的灭活疫苗。小鼠免疫保护试验结果表明,二免14 d后使用约为4 LD50的HG-1株对小鼠进行腹腔攻毒,矿物油疫苗和GEL疫苗的保护率分别为100%（7/7）和71%（5/7）,其他三种佐剂疫苗的保护率均为14%（1/7）。本研究进一步选择铝胶疫苗和GEL疫苗进行猪体对比试验;仔猪安全性试验结果表明,两种佐剂疫苗的副反应均较小;免疫保护试验结果表明,两次免疫后使用约为16 LD100的HG-1株对免疫仔猪进行耳缘静脉攻毒,两种佐剂疫苗的保护率分别为60%（3/5）和100%（5/5）。本研究最终选择GEL佐剂作为开发猪丹毒灭活疫苗的最适佐剂。 相似文献
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本试验制备了3种兔出血症灭活苗,经对试验兔进行免疫对比试验,以1mL为免疫剂量,7d后检测,发现3种疫苗均可产生抗体。组织灭活苗、蜂胶佐剂苗、铝胶佐剂苗7d的抗体滴度分别为27.1、27.2、26.5;14d的抗体滴度分别为27.9、29.0、28.0;45d的抗体滴度分别为26.8、28.5、27.5;85d的抗体滴度分别为25.5、27.2、26.2;145d的抗体滴度普遍下降。在免疫攻毒试验中,第7、15、50、90d攻毒时,3种疫苗的保护率均为100%,对照组全部死亡;150d攻毒时,组织灭活苗、蜂胶佐剂苗、铝胶佐剂苗的保护率分别为25%、75%、50%。以上结果表明,3种疫苗都有很好的免疫效果,其中以蜂胶佐剂苗的抗体滴度更高,免疫保护期更长。 相似文献
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纳米铝胶佐剂增强猪细小病毒灭活疫苗猪体免疫的效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将20头35日龄断奶仔猪随机分为4组,将制备的纳米铝胶佐剂猪细小病毒(Porcine parvovirus,PPV)灭活疫苗肌肉注射免疫接种,并以常规铝胶佐剂PPV灭活疫苗组、市售PPV油乳剂灭活疫苗组为疫苗对照,生理盐水组做阴性对照,应用HI和ELISA检测接种猪的体液免疫水平,流式细胞仪检测免疫猪的细胞免疫水平。体液免疫检测结果显示,PPV纳米铝胶佐剂疫苗组能显著提高机体产生抗体的速度,在首免后第2周产生有效保护抗体水平显著高于油乳剂疫苗和常规铝胶佐剂疫苗组(P0.05),在第3周其抗体水平达到峰值;细胞免疫检测结果显示,3种疫苗均能诱导机体产生细胞免疫应答,但各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,以纳米铝胶为佐剂制备的猪细小病毒灭活疫苗,能显著提高机体的免疫水平,并较早刺激机体产生抗体,具有较好的免疫保护效果。 相似文献
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分别用ISA11R、ISA35和ISA28三种水包油型佐剂制备PCV2灭活疫苗样品,并依次小鼠腹腔注射进行免疫效果比较。临床观察、血清抗体检测及免疫攻毒保护试验结果表明:相比矿物油佐剂ISA11R以及矿物油与非矿物油混合佐剂ISA28而言,非矿物油佐剂ISA35制备的疫苗免疫安全性好,免疫保护率高,可作为PCV2灭活疫苗理想的候选佐剂。 相似文献
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猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗的制备与免疫效力研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）经0.2%甲醛37℃作用一定时间后接种PK-15细胞,盲传3代,用PCR方法检测灭活效果。将灭活的PCV2加入适量的白油和氢氧化铝胶制成PCV2油佐剂和铝胶佐剂灭活疫苗,免疫小鼠,共免疫2次,时间间隔为3周,分别于一免后第21天和二免后第14天进行ELISA抗体检测。同时为了评价国产油佐剂和进口油佐剂的免疫效果,笔者进行了猪体免疫效力试验。通过ELISA抗体、攻毒后临床表现及体温变化、剖解时的病理变化、平均日增重及病毒血症等指标对疫苗免疫效果进行评价。结果如下：①PCV2能被0.2%甲醛完全灭活,灭活时间为16 h。②PCV2油佐剂和铝胶佐剂灭活疫苗免疫小鼠后均能产生较好的免疫应答,并且油佐剂灭活疫苗免疫效果好于铝胶佐剂灭活疫苗。③猪体免疫效力试验表明,两种油苗均能产生较高水平的ELISA抗体。攻毒后,攻毒对照猪的体温高于免疫猪,空白对照猪体温正常。免疫猪及空白对照猪平均体重均升高,而攻毒对照猪平均体重有所降低,且两个免疫组和空白对照组之间平均日增重差异显著（P〈0.05）。病毒血症检测及病毒DNA在组织中的分布检测表明两油苗均能够有效降低猪体的带毒。以上结果表明,PCV2灭活疫苗免疫小鼠和猪体后均能诱导机体产生免疫应答,并能够在一定程度上抵抗PCV2对猪体的感染。 相似文献
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在兔支气管败血波氏杆菌灭活疫苗中加入不同剂量的槐花多糖,制备兔波氏杆菌槐花多糖灭活苗.选取体质量1 kg左右的健康獭兔72只,随机分为6组,其中Ⅰ～Ⅲ组为槐花多糖疫苗组(槐花多糖含量分别为60,40,20 g/L),Ⅳ组为兔波氏杆菌蜂胶疫苗对照组,V组为无多糖的兔波氏杆菌疫苗对照组,Ⅵ为空白对照组,各组分别于免疫后0,3,7,14,21,28,35,42 d采血,用平板凝集试验检测血清抗体效价,全自动血细胞分析仪测定淋巴细胞比率,试剂盒检测血清中IL-2的含量.结果显示,Ⅰ～Ⅳ组各指标均高于V组,其中Ⅰ、Ⅳ组显著高于V组(P＜0.05);Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组总体差异不显著(P＞0.05);Ⅳ组总体水平略低于Ⅰ组.由此表明,槐花多糖能提高獭兔对支气管败血波氏杆菌的免疫作用,60 g/L剂量的效果最佳,这为开发槐花多糖作为新型免疫佐剂和免疫增强剂奠定了基础. 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2014,(12)
68只豚鼠随机均分为4组,13组分别免疫蜂胶、铝胶和油佐剂PPV疫苗,第4组为空白对照组,注射等量生理盐水。免疫后不同时间点采集血清分析特异性血凝抑制抗体效价评价蜂胶佐剂对免疫豚鼠体液免疫的影响,测定淋巴细胞增殖、IL-2和IL-4含量评价蜂胶佐剂对免疫豚鼠细胞免疫的影响。结果表明,蜂胶、油佐剂和铝胶3种佐剂均能提高豚鼠对PPV灭活疫苗的免疫应答能力,油佐剂提高血清HI抗体效果较好,其次为蜂胶佐剂,再次为铝胶佐剂。蜂胶佐剂促进T淋巴细胞增殖和提高IL-2、IL-4、IL-6和IFN-γ含量效果优于油佐剂和铝胶佐剂。结论:蜂胶能增强PPV灭活疫苗的免疫效果。 相似文献
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大肠杆菌病目前只有大肠杆菌灭活疫苗。最好应用标准株加现地株的“现地自家多价灭活疫苗”,并且注意随时跟踪现地致病菌株的动态变化以便适时针锋相对,保证疫苗的“动态对型”预防。疫苗种类依佐剂的不同大体分为四类:铝胶佐剂灭活疫苗、蜂胶佐剂灭活疫苗、蜂胶中草药佐剂灭活疫苗、油佐剂灭活疫苗,以后二者效果最好。一般七日龄以上鸡均可应用,皮下或肌肉注射。禽霍乱分为灭活疫苗与弱毒活菌苗两大类,还有联苗和亚单位疫苗。1.灭活疫苗:共有“铝胶、油乳剂、蜂胶”3种佐剂类型,以蜂胶佐剂灭活苗保护率最高(80%以上)、免疫期最长(半年);铝… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献