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为了解河南省肉鸡屠宰加工生产链中沙门菌血清型分布及耐药性,采用随机抽样的方法采集肉鸡屠宰加工厂的肉鸡样本,按照国家标准进行沙门菌的定性检测和血清型鉴定,通过微量肉汤稀释法对阳性分离株进行药敏试验。结果表明:554份肉鸡样本中检出沙门菌77份,其中肛拭子阳性率(32份)8.7%,肉鸡胴体阳性率(45份)24.2%。共鉴定出5种血清型,以印第安纳沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌为主。耐药性结果显示分离株对磺胺类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类、β-内酰胺类、四环素类等均具有严重的多重耐药性,其中,喹诺酮类耐药性高达100.0%,耐药最小抑菌浓度分布主要集中在中高浓度区间。提示河南省肉鸡屠宰加工生产链中沙门菌污染以印第安纳沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌血清型为主,且存在较严重的耐药性,应从源头加强肉鸡孵育、养殖环节卫生控制,减少沙门菌的污染和抗菌药物的使用。 相似文献
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为了分析肉鸡屠宰和鸡肉销售过程中沙门菌的污染情况,在不同季节采集江苏某地肉鸡屠宰场棉拭子样品、农贸市场和大型超市鸡肉样品进行沙门菌的分离和血清型鉴定。结果显示:492份样品中沙门菌的总检出率为16.1%,其中屠宰场样品总检出率27.1%,显著高于市场销售样品5.6%的总检出率(P0.001);夏季样品检出率为19.5%,高于秋季样品的13.7%,其中屠宰场样品夏季检出率46.3%,秋季则显著降至17.5%(P0.001),市场销售样品夏季检出率1.7%,显著低于秋季样品的9.1%(P0.05);德尔卑沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌、纽波特沙门菌和印第安纳沙门菌是优势血清型。研究表明,肉鸡屠宰过程中沙门菌污染较为严重,褪毛、去内脏是交叉污染的关键环节,加强屠宰用水和环境的卫生,增加淋洗并保持冷链储运和销售等措施有助于肉鸡生产链沙门菌的有效防控。 相似文献
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某规模化种鸡场沙门菌流行病学调查和耐药性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国家禽》2019,(2)
试验旨在调查国内某规模化种鸡场沙门菌流行状况,为种鸡场沙门菌净化提供基础资料。1 744份样品被采集进行沙门菌分离、血清型鉴定、耐药性分析及脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)方法亚分型。结果显示:168株沙门菌被分离鉴定,分离率为9.63%,其中肠炎沙门菌有157株,为优势血清型(93.45%);抗生素耐药性试验表明,多重耐药现象较为严重,耐药种类在三种以上的肠炎沙门菌株有130株(77.38%);随机选取28株肠炎沙门菌进行PFGE亚分型显示,这些菌株属于同一个聚类簇,表明它们可能来自于同一克隆株。 相似文献
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肉鸡屠宰加工过程中沙门菌污染定量风险评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了构建肉鸡屠宰加工过程中沙门菌污染定量风险评估模型,分析鸡肉中沙门菌的消长变化规律,明确关键风险防控点,采用2015年部分肉鸡屠宰场沙门菌污染监测和调研数据,构建以烫煺后为评估过程起点,包括净膛、清洗预冷和分割传送的模块化过程风险评估模型,以不同分布描述各变量,并通过@RISK软件模拟运行。结果显示,通过构建的模型模拟屠宰加工后终端鸡肉产品中的沙门菌污染量,90%的可能分布在0~9MPN之间,而依据实际监测数据换算为5.3 MPN,说明模型可信。根据过程中各环节的模拟数据,分析了肉鸡携带的沙门菌消长变化,发现预冷后沙门菌污染总量明显下降,但分割传送后污染总量又有所回升。通过拟合的相关系数分析,明确了传送带上的沙门菌是影响终端鸡肉沙门菌污染的最关键风险点。本研究构建的肉鸡屠宰加工全过程沙门菌定量风险评估模型,可为肉鸡屠宰场沙门菌污染的卫生监管和风险管理提供理论依据。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2019,(8)
为了解辽宁省猪沙门菌流行菌株主要血清型毒力因子的分布特征及致病性,依据猪沙门菌属保守基因、多重PCR引物和血清凝集试验,从辽宁省选择有代表性的规模化养猪场、下游生猪屠宰场和肉类市场采集肠道、饲料和污水、猪肉等样品进行猪沙门菌及其血清型鉴定。应用猪沙门菌14种主要毒力因子特异性基因扩增检测方法,检测所分离到的不同血清类型猪链球菌的毒力因子分布情况,并应用小鼠攻毒试验和病理学技术对其致病性进行观察。结果显示:采集的412个样品中共分离到39株猪沙门菌,养猪场、屠宰场、销售市场所分离沙门菌检出率分别为51.28%,41.02%,7.70%;主要血清型为猪霍乱沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌、鼠伤寒型沙门菌,其阳性率分别为41.02%,38.46%,5.12%,未定型占15.38%;毒力因子共检出11种,其中检出率达到90%以上的和3种血清型共同携带的毒力因子结果一致有mogA、sseL、mgtC、bcfA、araB、stn,猪生产链3个环节共同携带的毒力因子有spvR、spvA、mogA、mgtC、araB、stn,其中养殖场毒力因子检出率最高,销售市场毒力因子检出率最低;猪霍乱沙门菌可引起小鼠的急性败血症,肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌均可引起小鼠发病,但各器官的损伤则较轻。 相似文献
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为了解肉鸡屠宰前后携带沙门菌和弯曲杆菌情况和季节变化规律,评价肉鸡食源性致病菌污染风险,采用随机抽样的方法采集环境和肉鸡样本,按照国家标准检测养殖环境、活鸡肛拭子和肉鸡胴体的沙门菌和弯曲杆菌。结果:沙门菌总阳性率21.5%,其中鸡舍环境样本阳性率4.4%,活鸡肛拭子阳性率12.0%,屠宰后肉鸡胴体阳性率37.2%,主要为肠炎沙门菌和哈达尔沙门菌。弯曲杆菌总阳性率35.0%,其中活鸡肛拭子阳性率31.3%,肉鸡胴体阳性率38.7%,经鉴定空肠弯曲杆菌占63.7%,结肠弯曲杆菌占36.3%。不同样本沙门菌和弯曲杆菌月检出率趋势基本一致。结论:肉鸡沙门菌和弯曲杆菌污染均较严重,污染源于活鸡带菌,并于屠宰环节交叉污染后扩大,检出率随季节和温度出现规律性波动。 相似文献
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山东省肉鸡屠宰生产链中沙门菌耐药性分析及毒力基因检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国家禽》2016,(24)
通过调查山东省不同市肉鸡屠宰生产链中沙门菌分离株血清型、耐药性及毒力相关基因,为肉鸡的健康安全生产提供数据支撑。对前期获得的233株沙门菌通过血清型快速分型试剂盒鉴定其血清型,采用最小抑菌浓度(MIC)进行13种抗菌药物的药敏试验;应用PCR技术检测位于菌株毒力岛(SPI)和毒力质粒(spv)上共15种毒力基因的携带情况。结果显示,233株沙门菌共分属25种不同的血清型,其中肠炎沙门菌、印第安纳沙门菌、汤普逊沙门菌和德尔卑沙门菌为优势血清型。233株肉鸡屠宰生产链中沙门茵对庆大霉素的耐药率最高(100%);对多西环素、氨苄西林、大观霉素、四环素、氟苯尼考和磺胺异恶唑耐药率分别为84.94%、75.73%、67.78%、56%、52%和50%。72%的菌株表现为多重耐药(≥3),产生了57种耐药谱型。沙门菌的毒力岛基因sptP、sseL、mgtC、siiE、sopB的携带率是100%,毒力基因spvA、spvB、spvC、spvD、spvR、iacP、avrA、prgK、fima和stn的检出率分别是60%、34%、49%、51%、63%、99%、38%、99%、99%和99%。结果表明,在4种优势血清型中并非均出现高耐药性,出现高耐药性的血清型主要以汤普逊沙门菌为主,汤普逊沙门菌相对于其他血清型毒力基因的携带率较高,沙门菌耐药性和毒力基因的携带间并没有明显的关联性。 相似文献
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为了探明华中地区种鸡场沙门菌(Salmonella)的优势血清型和耐药情况,本研究从湖北、河南、湖南等省市22个规模化鸡场采集病鸡、死胚及弱雏组织样品3 724份,通过分离培养、生化试验、PCR鉴定及血清型试验确定分离菌种属及其血清型,并采用Kirby-Bauer法对分离菌株进行了耐药性分析。结果显示,本试验从3 724份病料中共分离鉴定出124株沙门菌,其中79株为D群肠炎沙门菌(63.71%,79/124),34株为D群鸡白痢沙门菌(27.42%,34/124),8株为B群鼠伤寒沙门菌(6.45%,8/124),有3株沙门菌未能确定血清型。O抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌和34株鸡白痢沙门菌为O9,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为O4。H抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌为Hg,m,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为Hi。药敏试验结果显示,124株分离菌株对萘啶酸、氨苄青霉素、四环素和多西环素耐药率分别为95.97%(119/124)、91.94%(114/124)、57.26%(71/124)和70.16%(87/124);对复方新诺明和红霉素耐药率分别为25.81%(32/124)和12.10%(15/124);对氯霉素、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟和卡那霉素耐药率分别为6.45%(8/124)、1.61%(2/124)、1.61%(2/124)和0.81%(1/124);对左氧氟沙星、阿米卡星和多黏菌素B完全敏感。99.19%(123/124)的分离株至少对一种药物耐药,87.10%(108/124)的分离株表现多重耐药。本研究为华中地区养鸡场沙门菌的诊断及防控提供了数据支撑。 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献12.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献14.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献16.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献