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1.
《中国畜牧兽医》2019,(3)
为了探明华中地区种鸡场沙门菌(Salmonella)的优势血清型和耐药情况,本研究从湖北、河南、湖南等省市22个规模化鸡场采集病鸡、死胚及弱雏组织样品3 724份,通过分离培养、生化试验、PCR鉴定及血清型试验确定分离菌种属及其血清型,并采用Kirby-Bauer法对分离菌株进行了耐药性分析。结果显示,本试验从3 724份病料中共分离鉴定出124株沙门菌,其中79株为D群肠炎沙门菌(63.71%,79/124),34株为D群鸡白痢沙门菌(27.42%,34/124),8株为B群鼠伤寒沙门菌(6.45%,8/124),有3株沙门菌未能确定血清型。O抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌和34株鸡白痢沙门菌为O9,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为O4。H抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌为Hg,m,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为Hi。药敏试验结果显示,124株分离菌株对萘啶酸、氨苄青霉素、四环素和多西环素耐药率分别为95.97%(119/124)、91.94%(114/124)、57.26%(71/124)和70.16%(87/124);对复方新诺明和红霉素耐药率分别为25.81%(32/124)和12.10%(15/124);对氯霉素、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟和卡那霉素耐药率分别为6.45%(8/124)、1.61%(2/124)、1.61%(2/124)和0.81%(1/124);对左氧氟沙星、阿米卡星和多黏菌素B完全敏感。99.19%(123/124)的分离株至少对一种药物耐药,87.10%(108/124)的分离株表现多重耐药。本研究为华中地区养鸡场沙门菌的诊断及防控提供了数据支撑。 相似文献
2.
动物源性沙门菌的血清型、生物被膜形成能力和耐药性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在探讨动物源性沙门菌的血清型分布、生物被膜形成能力及其耐药性.从不同动物病料中分离细菌,以PCR方法鉴定沙门菌,结合玻片凝集法和16S rRNA序列测定确定沙门菌的血清型和分布,结晶紫染色定量法检测分离株的生物被膜形成能力,药敏试验检测分离菌对常用药物的敏感性.结果共分离鉴定出58株沙门菌,包括鸡白痢沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌、丙型副伤寒沙门菌、乙型副伤寒沙门菌、都柏林沙门菌和阿哥那沙门菌等7种血清型,其中鸡群以鸡白痢沙门菌感染为主,肠炎沙门菌次之;水禽以鼠伤寒沙门菌感染为主.生物被膜测定结果显示51.72％的沙门菌分离株可形成生物被膜,其中83.33％的鼠伤寒沙门菌可形成生物被膜.20种抗生素(氨基糖苷类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类、林可酰胺类、氯霉素类、青霉素类、四环素类和头孢菌素类)敏感性试验表明所有菌株对林可霉素耐药,51.72％对4种及其以上抗生素耐药,并出现了1株对所有受试抗生素均耐药的鼠伤寒沙门菌.结果表明鸡白痢沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌是为目前在家禽中分离的优势血清型;同时具有生物被膜形成能力和多重耐药性的沙门菌将对家禽疾病控制和公共卫生带来更大的威胁. 相似文献
3.
为了解湖北省鸡源沙门菌的血清型分布及耐药性规律,对分离的56株鸡源沙门菌进行了血清型鉴定。结果显示:鸡白痢沙门菌所占比例最高(62.5%),为优势血清型;肠炎沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌所占比例也较高,分别为16.1%、10.7%。采用纸片扩散(K-B)法检测分离菌株对15种药物的敏感性,56株鸡源沙门菌对呋喃妥因均敏感,对磺胺异恶唑和阿莫西林表现为较高的耐药性(大于80%),对其他12种抗菌药物表现出不同程度的耐药性(14.3%~75%);同时多重耐药现象严重,三重以上耐药菌株占分离菌株的96.4%,其中5耐最为严重,占28.5%。 相似文献
4.
河南省鸡源沙门菌新近流行株的分离鉴定及其耐药性分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
旨在了解河南省鸡沙门菌临床分离株血清型分布及药物敏感情况。从河南省各地区养鸡场共采集了沙门菌可疑病料617份,按常规方法进行分离,经生化、PCR及血清型鉴定,共分离出98株鸡源沙门菌,其中血清型定型82株,主要为肠炎沙门菌(62.24%)、鸡白痢沙门菌(18.37%)。进一步Kindy-Bauer(KB)法检测分离菌株对22种药物敏感性表明,所有分离菌株对多粘菌素B、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、萘啶酸较为敏感,对阿齐霉素和氨苄西林耐药率在60.00%～70.00%之间,对红霉素和青霉素表现为极高的耐药性,耐药率高达100.00%。三重以上耐药菌株高达96.94%,七耐以上的菌株为56.12%,耐药最多的菌株可耐18种抗生素。由此可见,河南省禽类沙门菌的感染流行主要以肠炎沙门菌和鸡白痢沙门菌为主,多重耐药十分严重,严重影响了禽类沙门菌病的诊治与预防。 相似文献
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6.
旨在掌握2017年7月至2019年5月期间云南地区蛋鸡源沙门菌血清型、药物敏感性及毒力基因携带等基本情况。无菌采集发病鸡肝组织，共分离到沙门菌75株，对分离株进行MLST分型、药物敏感性及相关耐药基因和毒力基因检测。结果显示，MLST鉴定到ST78序列型鸡伤寒沙门菌54株(72.00%)、ST92序列型鸡白痢沙门菌21株(28.00%)；分离株对青霉素的耐药率为100%，对其它抗生素的耐药率分别为: 四环素26.67%、强力霉素26.67%、复方新诺明22.67%、阿莫西林18.67%、氨苄西林16.00%、恩诺沙星14.67%、链霉素8.00%、环丙沙星2.67%、庆大霉素1.33%，共存在7种耐药谱型，28.00%的菌株表现为多重耐药，且集中于鸡伤寒沙门菌；耐药基因tetA、sul2和blaTEM的检出率分别为26.67%、10.67%和8.00%；毒力基因mogA、mgtC、bcfA、araB、stn和spvC的检出率均高达100%，而spvB的检出率为 89.33%。结果表明，鸡伤寒沙门菌和鸡白痢沙门菌为云南地区蛋鸡源沙门菌主要流行血清型，多重耐药情况严重，耐药基因与毒力基因检出率较高。 相似文献
7.
为调查河北地区鸡源沙门菌及其血清型的流行及分布情况,并分析其的致病性,本研究于2018年～2021年在河北省7个地区34个养鸡场共收集631份发病鸡肛拭子和62份病料样品共计693份,分别接种普通琼脂培养基分离细菌并纯化后经革兰氏染色镜检;将分离菌分别接种不同的培养基培养,并对分离菌经生化及16S r RNA基因的PCR及测序鉴定,随机选择32条测序序列经NCBI的BLAST比对,并采用DNAStar软件分析该基因的同源性。采用玻片凝集法鉴定分离菌的血清群及血清型并统计各血清群与血清型在河北不同地区的分布。结果显示,从693份病料样品中共分离到238株沙门菌,除3株未定群外,其余分离菌分属于A、B、C、D、E、F 6个血清群,其中D群最多达69.7%(166/238);238株沙门菌分属于7个不同的血清型和未定型,依次为鸡白痢沙门菌(91/38.2%)、甲型副伤寒沙门菌(43/18.0%)、鸡伤寒沙门菌(40/16.8%)、肠炎沙门菌(39/16.4%)等。血清群与血清型分布的统计结果显示,除张家口地区流行A群血清群外,其余地区流行的血清群均为D群;张家口地区流行鸡白痢沙门菌;秦皇岛地... 相似文献
8.
《动物医学进展》2015,(11)
为了解银川地区鸡源沙门菌的耐药性及优势血清型,采用药敏纸片扩散法测定了69株鸡源沙门菌对常用12种抗菌药物的耐药率,同时采用玻板凝集法对沙门菌进行了血清型鉴定。结果显示,所有菌株对12种抗菌药物均产生了不同程度的耐药性,其中对萘啶酸、复方新诺明、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉的耐药率较高;对美洛培南、环丙沙星的耐药菌株比率较低;多重耐药情况比较严重,部分菌株同时具有对12种抗菌药物的耐药性,具有5重耐药能力的菌株占21.74%。分离到的菌株中主要血清型为鸡白痢沙门菌(S.gallinarum),其次为鼠伤寒沙门菌(S.typhimurium)和伤寒沙门菌(S.typhi)。 相似文献
9.
《中国兽医杂志》2015,(9)
为了解市售鲜鸡肉中污染的与临床病鸡感染的沙门菌在血清型与耐药性的差异,对2012-2014年间自南宁市售鲜生鸡肉和同期送检病鸡中分离到的沙门菌进行了血清型分析以及耐药性的比较。结果显示,32株鸡肉源性沙门菌的血清型分布广泛,包括有德比、纽兰和阿贡纳沙门菌等16种血清型;39株病鸡源性沙门菌的血清型则较为单一,只有鸡白痢、鼠伤寒和鸡伤寒沙门菌3种血清型;两种来源的沙门菌均对四环素、复方新诺明、甲氧苄啶,氨苄西林及阿莫西林有较高的耐药性;另外,病鸡源性分离株中多重耐药菌株的比例(89.7%)比鸡肉源性的(56.2%)高。本研究表明,南宁市售鲜生鸡肉与病鸡中的沙门菌分离株在血清型来源上完全不同,提示市售鸡肉中污染的食源性沙门菌并非来自饲养阶段的患病鸡;病鸡源性沙门菌的耐药情况较鸡肉源性沙门菌的更为严重。 相似文献
10.
《中国兽医杂志》2019,(8)
分析不同血清型/生物型沙门菌全基因组序列筛选出鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌特异性基因组序列,设计两对引物,建立双重PCR方法鉴别检测鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌不同生物型,并进行初步的临床应用。双重PCR方法结果显示,鸡白痢沙门菌显示417 bp条带,鸡伤寒沙门菌显示417 bp和636 bp两个条带,而阴性对照未出现条带,与预期设计相符。双重PCR体系对56株不同血清型沙门菌鉴定结果与细菌学分离的血清型鉴定结果完全一致,说明本试验建立的双重PCR体系特异性良好,应用上述方法检测鸡场疑似20份临床样本,结果发现8株鸡白痢沙门菌阳性,1株鸡伤寒沙门菌阳性。上述结果表明,已建立双重PCR方法特异性检测鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌。本试验为鸡白痢和鸡伤寒不同生物型沙门菌的检测提供了一种简洁、敏感、特异的新方法。 相似文献
11.
SHEN Xue-huai ZHANG Dan-jun PAN Xiao-cheng ZHAO Rui-hong DAI Yin HU Xiao-miao 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(12):3663-3669
In order to investigate the situation of predominant strain and antibiotic resistance of avian Salmonella in Anhui province, 42 strains Salmonella were isolated and identified from 116 suspected samples by culture characteristics, microscopic examination, biochemical test, PCR and serological identification,then drug resistance was analyzed by Kindy-Bauer method. There were 5 groups of 11 serotypes in 42 strains Salmonella, of which 30 strains belonged to B serogroup, 2 strains to A serogroup, 7 strains to D serogroup, 2 strains to C1 serogroup, 1 strain to C2 serogroup, and Salmonella Typhimurium of B serogroup were the predominant serotypes. All Salmonella isolates resistant rates to amikacin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were less than 20%, and the resistance rates to ampicillin, streptomycin, furazolidone, spectinomycin, cotrimoxazole and doxycycline were more than 50%, while resistance rate to ampicillin was 97.62%, and 41 isolates had multiple drug resistance. The results showed that Salmonella Typhimurium was the predominant serotypes of avian Salmonella in Anhui, and isolates showed multiple drug resistance. This study would provide the data basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of clinical medicine of avian Salmonella. 相似文献
12.
为了解安徽地区禽源沙门氏菌的流行菌株和耐药情况,本研究通过培养特性、镜检、生化试验、PCR和血清型鉴定等,对疑似发病禽的116份病料进行沙门氏菌分离鉴定,并采用Kindy-Bauer法对分离菌株进行耐药性分析。试验共分离到42株禽源沙门氏菌,其中包含5个大群11种血清型。B群30株、A群2株、D群7株、C1群2株、C2群1株,其中以B群鼠伤寒沙门氏菌为优势菌株。42株分离菌对阿米卡星、左氧氟沙星和环丙沙星的耐药率均低于20%,而对氨苄西林、链霉素、呋喃唑酮、大观霉素、复方新诺明和多西环素的耐药率达50%以上,其中对氨苄西林的耐药率达97.62%,且41株分离菌株存在多重耐药。结果表明,目前安徽地区禽源沙门氏菌优势流行株是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,流行菌株呈现较严重的耐药性。本研究为指导临床用药及禽源沙门氏菌的综合防制提供数据支撑。 相似文献
13.
Yang SJ Park KY Kim SH No KM Besser TE Yoo HS Kim SH Lee BK Park YH 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,86(4):295-301
Fourteen and 22 each of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) were isolated from animals from 1983 to 1999 in Korea and tested for their antibiotic resistance patterns, phage types and resistance gene patterns. S. Typhimurium isolates were highly resistant to streptomycin, sulfisoxazole and tetracycline, 95, 95 and 86%, respectively. The incidence of multiple antibiotic resistance (resistant to more than two drugs tested) of S. Typhimurium isolates was extremely high (100%) comparing to S. Enteritidis isolates (21%). Two of the five ACSSuT (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole and tetracycline) resistant type S. Typhimurium isolates were phage type definitive type 104 (DT104).For the detection of resistance related genes in S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium isolates, particularly ACSSuT type S. Typhimurium, antibiotic resistance genes, cmlA/tetR, bla(PSE-1) and bla(TEM), and genus Salmonella specific gene, sipB/C, were amplified using four pairs of primers in a hot-start multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two Korean isolates of S. Typhimurium DT104 showed bla(TEM) amplicons instead of bla(PSE-1) for the ampicillin resistance and they were susceptible to florfenicol. The multiplex PCR used in this study was useful in characterization of multiple drug resistant Salmonella isolates, especially ACSSuT type S. Typhimurium, and identification of beta-lactamase gene distribution among Salmonella isolates. 相似文献
14.
鸡沙门氏菌脉冲场凝胶电泳分型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)从分子水平上对禽源沙门氏菌之间的差别进行分析和研究,本研究采用自动微生物鉴定仪对12株疑似鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和15株疑似鸡白痢沙门氏菌进行了鉴定.以限制性核酸内切酶Xba I对其全基因组DNA进行酶切、PFGE分型,Info Quest FP聚类分析软件对电泳结果进行分析.结果显示,共鉴定出11株鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、1株圣保罗沙门氏菌、6株阿姆斯特丹沙门氏菌、5株亚拉巴马沙门氏菌、1株鸡白痢沙门氏菌、2株纽波特沙门氏菌和2株肠炎沙门氏菌,一共分为12个PFGE型.实验结果表明,江苏地区存在有不常见的沙门氏菌血清型,同种血清型之间的基因型差别较小(相似值为0.85～1),不同血清型之间差别较大(相似值为0.45～0.70).PFGE能从分子水平上对禽源沙门氏菌的基因组DNA进行分型. 相似文献
15.
A total of 39 Salmonella cultures isolated from raw minced beef and chicken (gizzard, liver, and heart) samples in Addis Ababa were examined for susceptibility to a group of 10 selected antimicrobials. 34 isolates (87.2%) were resistant to one or more antibiotics. The antibiotics to which isolated Salmonella strains were most often fully resistant included nitrofurantoin (48.7%), furazolidone (48.7%) and streptomycin (46.2%). Only 4 antimicrobials (gentamycin, kanamycin, rifampicin and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim) were effective against all Salmonella isolates with the exception of 2 which were intermediate in resistance to kanamycin (1) and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (1). 77.8% of the S. Enteritidis strains showed multiple resistance to up to four antibiotics followed by S. Typhimurium (60.0%) and S. Dublin (33.3%). The high level of antibiotic resistance of foodborne Salmonella isolates in the study area is an indication of indiscriminate and continuous use of subtherapeutic doses of antibiotics in animals. 相似文献
16.
Cortez AL Carvalho AC Ikuno AA Bürger KP Vidal-Martins AM 《Research in veterinary science》2006,81(3):340-344
The present study was carried out to report the occurrence Salmonella spp., Salmonella Enteritidis, and Salmonella Typhimurium in chicken abattoirs. Samples of feces; feathers; scald, evisceration, and chiller water; and rinse water of non-eviscerated, eviscerated, and chilled carcass were collected from six chicken abattoirs. Salmonella isolates were identified by a multiplex-PCR using three sets of primers targeting the invA, pefA, and sefA gene sequences from Salmonella spp., S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis, respectively. Salmonella spp. was detected in 10% (29/288) of the samples, whereas serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium were identified in 62% (7/288), respectively. The results indicate the need to improve hygiene and sanitary standards in poultry slaughter lines, besides the education of food handlers and information to consumers. 相似文献
17.
Salmonella virulence plasmids (SVPs) are large and closely related low-copy plasmids harbored by certain serovars of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica. These serovars not only comprise those of veterinary significance like Abortusequi, Abortusovis, Choleraesuis, Dublin and Gallinarum/Pullorum, but also Typhimurium and Enteritidis which currently are the most prevalent serotypes in humans and food animals. Experiments with several animal species gave evidence that SVPs increase Salmonella strains' capabilities to replicate in extraintestinal organs of infected hosts thus leading to death of those hosts more frequently and rapidly. The common feature of all SVPs is the "Salmonella plasmid virulence" locus (spv-locus), a highly conserved 7.8 kbp region that is most responsible for the SVP-encoded virulence phenotype of Salmonella. Although functional characterisation of spv gene products has made some progress the molecular mechanism of spv-mediated virulence has not been fully elucidated yet. Some SVPs carry additional gene loci causatively related to Salmonella virulence like the pef-operon of Typhimurium and Enteritidis strains which encodes an adhesive type of fimbria, or genes traT, rsk and rck which are involved in serum resistance. The frequent occurrence of SVPs in host-adapted serovars suggests that SVP-encoded factors represented selective advantages to some Salmonella variants in their effort to colonize certain new niches during Salmonella evolution. This study provides an overview over current knowledge about the virulence plasmids of Salmonella enterica. 相似文献
18.
本研究采集某鸡场疑似感染鸡白痢的病死鸡组织,进行了沙门菌的分离、鉴定,以及对10种常见抗生素的药物敏感性试验。结果显示:分离株均为鸡白痢沙门菌,对阿米卡星(0%)、庆大霉素(0%)、头孢噻肟(3.70%)的耐药率较低,对链霉素(88.89%)、四环素(62.96%)、阿莫西林(51.85%)的耐药率较高;分离株至少可对1种药物产生耐药性,最多可对5种药物产生耐药性,70.37%的菌株可耐3种以上药物,其中耐3种药物的菌株数量最多(48.15%)。该研究结果不仅为临床合理用药提供指导,也为该地区鸡白痢的耐药性监测提供依据。 相似文献
19.
本研究旨在探讨不同血清型沙门氏菌在环丙沙星抗生素压力下突变频率及在耐药发展过程中靶位基因突变、外排泵及调控基因表达的差异。选取临床分离的印第安纳型、肠炎型和鼠伤寒型沙门氏菌的敏感菌株,在环丙沙星压力下诱导耐药突变,分别获得一系列不同程度的耐药突变株。分别检测不同血清型沙门氏菌突变株的突变频率、靶位基因喹诺酮耐药决定区(QRDRs)和外排泵调控基因ramR-ramA突变及外排泵相关基因的表达水平;同时检测了母株在羰基氰化物间氯苯腙(CCCP)存在情况下环丙沙星药物的蓄积浓度,以确定母株是否存在外排泵的作用。结果表明,在环丙沙星压力下,印第安纳型沙门氏菌较肠炎型和鼠伤寒型有更高的突变频率,易获得耐药株;印第安纳血清型菌株耐药性的获得主要是由于靶位基因gyrA发生单突变,协同外排泵外排作用增强而获得高水平耐药;肠炎型沙门氏菌耐药性获得主要是由于靶位基因gyrA发生83和87位双位点突变,并随着gyrB和parC基因的多位点同时突变而获得高水平耐药,耐药性的发展过程中没有外排泵作用参与;而鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在抗生素压力下不易发展成耐药菌,耐药性发生主要是由于靶位基因gyrB发生突变,而伴随parC基因突变及微弱的外排泵作用导致耐药水平增加。 相似文献
20.
动物源性沙门氏菌的耐药性分析及氟苯尼考类耐药基因的鉴定 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
为了解动物沙门氏菌的流行情况和药物敏感性及氟苯尼考耐药株的耐药基因分布,本试验对临床上疑似患沙门氏菌病的病料进行病原分离和细菌的多重PCR鉴定;采用K-B法测定分离株对23种抗菌药物的敏感性;选择氟苯尼考耐药菌株扩增floR、fexA、fexB、cfr和pexA基因。结果显示,共鉴定出61株沙门氏菌,其中肠炎沙门氏菌10株,鸡白痢沙门氏菌12株,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌39株。所有菌株对青霉素、红霉素、万古霉素耐药,90.16%对6种及6种以上抗菌药耐药。floR基因广泛存在于鼠伤寒沙门氏菌氟苯尼考耐药菌株中(8/12,66.67%),未发现其他耐药基因。研究结果表明鼠伤寒沙门氏菌是鹅源分离株中的优势血清型;floR基因主要介导沙门氏菌对氟苯尼考耐药性,但可能还存在其他机制。 相似文献