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《中国兽医杂志》2014,(8)
为了研究雌二醇对大鼠小肠肥大细胞的影响,将30只Wistar健康雌性大鼠进行同期发情处理后于发情间情期,随机分为5组。对照组:只做假手术;OVX组:双侧卵巢摘除;OVX+E1组:双侧卵巢摘除+雌二醇20μg/kg.d;OVX+E2组:双侧卵巢摘除+雌二醇100μg/kg.d;OVX+E3组:双侧卵巢摘除+雌二醇200μg/kg.d,连续用药7 d后宰杀,观察小肠肥大细胞的分布和数量的变化。结果和对照组相比,OVX组大鼠的小肠肥大细胞的数量显著减少;补充3种剂量的雌二醇后,和OVX组相比,OVX+E1组与OVX组差异不显著;OVX+E2组和OVX+E3组均与OVX组差异极显著。结果表明,卵巢摘除使大鼠小肠肥大细胞数量减少,补充适量雌二醇可以改善这一影响。 相似文献
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采用放射免疫法检测了15只处于发情周期不同时期（发情前期、发情期、间情期）的Wistar雌性大鼠和25只不同处理组（假手术组、卵巢摘除组、卵巢摘除＋20μg／kg雌二醇组、卵巢摘除＋100μg／kg雌二醇组、卵巢摘除＋500μg／kg雌二醇组）的大鼠血清中雌二醇浓度，并采用瑞氏一姬姆萨染色方法计数子宫内嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）的数量。结果显示，大鼠血清雌二醇浓度在发情期最高，间情期最低。子宫内EOS数量在发情期最高，间情期最低。卵巢摘除后，血清中雌二醇浓度降低；补充雌二醇后，血清雌二醇浓度明显升高（P〈0．05）。卵巢摘除后子宫内EOS数量也明显降低；补充雌二醇后，EOS数量显著增加（P〈0.05）。提示，随着血清雌二醇浓度的升高，子宫内EOS数量呈递增趋势，也就是说，外源性雌二醇对子宫内EOS数量有直接的影响。 相似文献
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雌激素对大鼠肠黏膜结构及上皮内淋巴细胞和杯状细胞数量、分布的影响 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
为了研究雌激素对肠黏膜屏障结构的影响,将18只健康Wistar雌性大鼠进行同期发情处理,于发情间情期随机分为3组：对照组,进行假手术;OVX组,双侧卵巢摘除;OVX＋E2组,双侧卵巢摘除,苯甲酸雌二醇100μg/kg.d连续用药7 d,然后观察小肠黏膜上皮细胞、上皮内淋巴细胞（IEL）、杯状细胞形态结构和数量的变化。结果表明：和对照组相比,OVX组大鼠的小肠黏膜结构有明显的损伤,绒毛萎缩,绒毛高度和隐窝深度的比值（V/C）明显降低,IEL数量和杯状细胞的数量减少（P〈0.05）;OVX＋E2组的各项指标明显高于OVX组,但是部分指标低于对照组。结论：卵巢摘除对大鼠小肠黏膜屏障结构有严重影响,补充适量雌激素可以在一定程度上改善这一影响。 相似文献
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为了研究孕酮对大鼠小肠黏膜IgA+阳性细胞的影响,将24只wistar健康雌性大鼠进行同期发情处理后,于发情间情期,随机分为4组。对照组:只做假手术;OVX组:双侧卵巢摘除;OVX+P1组:双侧卵巢摘除+孕酮2 mg/kg;OVX+P2组:双侧卵巢摘除+孕酮10 mg/kg,连续用药7 d,用放射免疫分析法检测各组大鼠血清中雌二醇和孕酮的含量,免疫组化染色显示小肠黏膜IgA+阳性细胞。结果表明:(1)OVX组大鼠血清中孕酮浓度最低,孕酮处理后,孕酮浓度OVX+P1组比OVX组升高77.25%,OVX+P2组比OVX组升高235.25%,各组之间差异显著(P<0.05);(2)和对照组相比,OVX组大鼠的小肠黏膜IgA+阳性细胞的数量显著减少;补充两种剂量的孕酮后,和OVX组相比,IgA+阳性细胞的数量有减少的趋势,其中OVX+P1组与OVX组差异不显著(P>0.05);OVX+P2组与OVX组差异极显著(P<0.01)。结论:卵巢摘除使大鼠小肠黏膜IgA+阳性细胞的数量减少,IgA+阳性细胞的数量与孕酮的浓度负相关。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(15)
为了观察雌激素对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠子宫组织形态学和形态计量学的影响,试验将18只3月龄健康雌性SD大鼠分为假手术组(Sham组,6只)和去卵巢组(OVX组,12只),OVX组实施双侧卵巢去除手术,Sham组仅去除卵巢周围脂肪组织,术后3个月对动物进行重新分组,分为OVX组、OVX+雌二醇(E2)组、Sham组,每组6只,OVX+E2组小鼠每天按体重腹腔注射20μg/kg E2,每隔1 d给药1次,连续给药28 d,Sham组和OVX组小鼠腹腔注射花生油作为对照组。给药结束后取子宫称湿重,计算子宫指数,制作子宫石蜡切片。光镜下观察子宫组织形态并随机选择5个视野,用Image Pro Plus图像分析系统对子宫进行形态计量学分析。结果表明:OVX组大鼠子宫管径厚度与Sham组相比极显著降低(P0.01),子宫黏膜上皮厚度和腺体数量与Sham组相比显著降低(P0.05);OVX+E2组大鼠子宫管径厚度和腺体数量与OVX组相比极显著升高(P0.01),子宫黏膜上皮厚度与OVX组相比显著升高(P0.05)。大鼠卵巢去除3个月后子宫明显萎缩,给药E228 d后大鼠子宫萎缩明显缓解。 相似文献
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为了探讨雌激素对垂体细胞发育和凋亡的影响,利用免疫组化SP法检测摘除卵巢及补充外源性17-β雌二醇后的不同时间大鼠垂体中Bcl-2和Bax表达的变化。结果显示：假去卵巢组（SHAM）Bcl-2和Bax的表达在不同给药时间无显著变化（P〉0.05）;同时间去卵巢（OVX）组与SHAM、去卵巢并注射17-β雌二醇组（OVX＋E2）相比,差异均显著（P〈0.05）;去卵巢给药后6周,OVX组垂体内Bcl-2的表达与之前相比有所增加,而Bax则减少,给药后8周,各组与6周后相比无显著差异（P〉0.05）;同组Bcl-2的表达随时间逐渐减少,4周后最少,Bax的表达则逐渐增加,4周后达到该组的峰值。结果表明,雌激素在垂体的结构维持和功能发挥中起一定的调节作用。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of estradiol （E） and progesterone （P） on mastocyte distribution in the uterus of ovari- ectomized rats. Thirty-five adult female rats were divided randomly into seven groups：one sham operated control group （ SHAM ） ; one ovariectomized group （OVX） ;three ovariectomized plus E treatment grouPs （OVX ＋E 20,100,or 500 μg/kg body weight · d） ; and two ovariectomized plus P groups （ OVX ＋ P 2 or 10 mg/kg body weight · d）. Seven days after treatment, the contents of estradiol and progesterone in serum were detected by radioimmunoassay, and mastocytes in the uterus were stained by toluidine blue staining. Results were as following： （1） Compared to ovariectomized rat, the concent ration of estradiol in serum increased by 97. 13 % in OVX ＋ E 20 （P 〈 0.05）,204. 84 % in OVX＋E 100 （P〈0.05）,and 936.45 % in OVX ＋ E500 group （P〈0.05）;the progesterone concent ration increased by 77.25 % in OVX ＋P 2 （P 〈0.05） and 235.25 %in OVX ＋P 10 group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. （2） Compared to ovariectomized rat, the number of mast cells in uteri decreased by 32.65% in OVX ＋E 20,64.50 % in OVX ＋E 100 （P〈0.05）,74.49 % in OVX＋E500 （P〈0.05） and 70.67 % in OVX ＋P 10 groups （P〈0.05）. However, the number of mast cells increased by 66.73% in OVX ＋ P 2 group （ P 〈 0.05 ） compared with OVX. The trend of mast cells number in the rat uterus was decreased gradually with the increase of estrogen or progesterone concent ration. The number of mast cells in ovariectomized rat uterus was affected by estrogen or progesterone. These results demonstrated that estrogen or progesterone directly affected the number of mast cells in the uterus of rat. 相似文献
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肌肉注射外源性雌激素-苯甲酸雌二醇（estradiol benzoate，EB，60μg／kgWB）处理泌乳第21天的4头二花脸母猪和3头大白猪，从安装的颈静脉瘘管采集血样，用放射免疫法（RIA法）测定两品种母猪血浆雌二醇（E2）和孕酮（P4）水平在EB处理前后的变化。结果显示：4头二花脸猪中有3头于54-66小时，血浆雌二醇（E2）出现第二个峰，并伴随孕酮（蚴水平显著升高；3头大白猪中有l头出现第二个E。峰，P。水平升高。结果表明，注射苯甲酸雌二醇（EB）后，4头二花脸猪中有3头表现发情和排卵，3头大白猪中有1头表现发情和排卵。提示泌乳期二花脸猪的卵巢功能较大白猪更易被外源雌激素所启动。 相似文献
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为探讨卵巢激素及其子宫内膜受体在奶牛子宫内膜炎中的作用,以产后6～10d健康及患急性化脓性子宫内膜炎的中国荷斯坦奶牛为研究对象,通过ELISA法检测子宫内膜中PGF2a,血清中孕酮和雌二醇浓度,SYBRGreenⅠ荧光定量PCR检测子宫内膜PGR和ESR-1mRNA的表达。结果显示,病牛子宫内膜PGF2α水平为（6.503±0.122）μg/L,血清孕酮为（0.816±0.281）μg/L,血清雌二醇为（35.462±2.523）μg/L,而对照组分别为（14.408±0.285）,（0.543±0.142）,（37.6±1.317）μg/L;子宫内膜炎患牛组PGF2a水平极显著低于对照组（P〈0.01）,孕酮含量显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）,PGF2a与孕酮水平呈显著负相关（r=0.893）,雌二醇含量组间差异不显著。PGR基因的mRNA水平极显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,而ESR-1基因的mRNA水平低于对照组,且差异极显著（P〈0.01）。上述结果表明,孕酮浓度显著升高及PGR mRNA高表达,可能抑制子宫收缩;ESR-1mRNA低表达使子宫新陈代谢减慢,子宫内膜合成PGF2a功能下降,这些改变有可能促进了产后子宫内膜炎的发生发展。 相似文献
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为了探索鹿角盘（DHAB）水提物对大鼠乳腺增生的治疗作用,初步探讨其作用机理和用药剂量,试验利用苯甲酸雌二醇（0.5 mg/（kg·d））联合黄体酮（5.0 mg/（kg·d））对SD大鼠进行肌内注射建立乳腺增生模型。试验共分7个组,每组10只大鼠,分别为空白组、乳腺增生症（HMG）模型组、阳性药三苯氧胺组（0.036 mg/（kg·d））、鹿角盘水提物4个剂量组（高剂量,2.625 g/（kg·d）;中高剂量,1.575 g/（kg·d）;中低剂量,1.05 g/（kg·d）;低剂量,0.63g/（kg·d））。按组别连续灌胃45 d,每周固定时间测定大鼠乳头直径、高度及体重。试验结束后采血取样,称量大鼠胸腺、脾脏、子宫和卵巢质量,取乳腺组织做病理学切片、HE染色,用放射免疫法检测大鼠血清中雌二醇（E2）及孕酮（P）的含量。结果表明,使用不同剂量鹿角盘水提物均能减小乳腺增生大鼠乳头直径、高度,提高胸腺、脾脏指数,降低子宫指数,减轻乳腺小叶数、腺泡数和分泌物,降低血清E2含量,升高血清P的含量,与模型组相比有统计学差异（P < 0.01;P < 0.05））。综合试验结果,鹿角盘水提物对乳腺增生大鼠有治疗作用,效果显著,且以中高剂量组变化最为明显。其作用机制可能通过增强机体免疫力、调节血清中E2、P水平实现。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献