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淮南麻黄鸡血清酯酶多态性与屠宰性能及肉质的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法 ,测定了淮南麻黄鸡的血清酯酶多态性 ,探讨其与屠宰性能和肉质的关系。结果表明 ,AA基因型鸡的活重、胸肌率和腿肌率均显著高于 AB、BB基因型鸡 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;腹脂率 AB基因型鸡极显著低于 AA、BB型鸡 (P<0 .0 1) ;血清酯酶各基因型鸡的肌肉品质无显著差异 ;AA基因型鸡的腿肌肌纤维直径显著高于 AB、BB型。 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2016,(7)
本试验旨在研究边鸡的肌肉品质。选取1日龄边鸡60只,随机分为6个重复,每个重复10只,公母各占1/2,在同一条件下常规饲养,于112日龄屠宰,测定其屠宰性能、常规肉品质、肌肉化学指标、风味物质指标。结果表明:边鸡公鸡、母鸡的屠宰率均达到88%以上,全净膛率均达到65%以上。边鸡公鸡胸肌的剪切力极显著高于母鸡(P0.01)。边鸡公鸡、母鸡胸肌的粗蛋白质含量分别为84.67%、87.63%,极显著高于腿肌(P0.01)。边鸡公鸡、母鸡腿肌的粗脂肪含量分别为11.08%、13.02%,极显著高于胸肌(P0.01)。边鸡公鸡胸肌、腿肌总脂肪酸含量分别为31.74、99.44 mg/g,母鸡分别为29.57、114.29 mg/g;公鸡胸肌、腿肌总氨基酸含量分别为80.47%、96.06%,母鸡分别为80.20%、93.75%,总脂肪酸、总氨基酸含量各部位之间差异极显著(P0.01),但性别之间差异不显著(P0.05)。由此可知,边鸡具有屠宰性能好、肉质细嫩、营养丰富、肉品质好、风味物质含量高等特点,是一个非常优良的地方鸡种。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2018,(23)
为充分开发武定鸡和大围山微型鸡品种资源优势,选取1日龄健康武定鸡和大围山微型鸡各120只(公),在相同条件下饲养至180日龄,测定不同日龄、不同鸡种、不同部位的肉质指标,比较武定鸡和大围山微型鸡公鸡肉品质性状,分析其差异及其原因。结果显示:大围山微型鸡的肉色、pH值、蒸煮损失率显著高于武定鸡(P0.05),武定鸡的失水率和剪切力显著高于大围山微型鸡(P0.05);不同日龄、品种鸡胸肌肉质指标几乎无显著差异,150日龄腿肌肉质指标显著高于180日龄(P0.05);同一日龄、不同部位腿肌肉质指标显著高于胸肌(P0.05)。研究表明,鸡肉品质性状受品种、日龄、部位等因素的影响。 相似文献
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试验旨在探究不同性别竹乡鸡的生长发育规律、肉用品质及风味营养物质。选取200只(公母各半)1～6月龄竹乡鸡进行体重、体尺指标测量,选取30只(公母各半)6月龄竹乡鸡进行屠宰性能、肉质及营养等指标检测。结果显示：随着竹乡鸡月龄增加,体重、体尺指标呈逐渐上升趋势,且在各个月龄阶段公鸡的体重、体尺优于母鸡;公鸡的屠体率和胸肌率低于母鸡(P>0.05),其他指标均高于母鸡(P<0.05),且各屠宰指标之间存在一定的相关性;公鸡胸肌中的肉色、剪切力、水分和蛋白质含量均高于母鸡(P<0.05),肉色反射率、失水率、肌内脂肪含量低于母鸡(P<0.05),a*值、pH、熟肉率、灰分差异不显著;公鸡胸肌中钙、磷元素含量高于母鸡(P<0.05),而锌、铁、钠元素含量低于母鸡(P<0.05);公鸡胸肌中16种氨基酸总量高于母鸡(P<0.05),饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸、脂肪酸总量均低于母鸡(P<0.05)。由此可见,竹乡鸡公鸡的生长和屠宰性能优于母鸡,但肌肉品质和营养物质低于母鸡。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(17)
为了明确峨眉黑鸡屠宰性能与肉质性状及其与青脚麻鸡的差异,试验选择36周龄峨眉黑鸡和青脚麻鸡进行了体尺指标、屠宰性能、肉品质及化学成分分析。结果表明:与同周龄青脚麻鸡相比,峨眉黑鸡拥有更大的体斜长、龙骨长、胸深和胫长,体型更大。峨眉黑鸡和青脚麻鸡的屠宰率都达到了90%以上,全净膛率分别为(63.40±2.67)%和(61.20±7.83)%,产肉性能良好。除了水分,峨眉黑鸡胸肌粗灰分含量极显著高于青脚麻鸡(P0.01),胸肌、腿肌中其他营养指标在峨眉黑鸡和青脚麻鸡之间均差异不显著(P0.05)。说明峨眉黑鸡与青脚麻鸡相比,多个屠宰性能与肉质性状相当,某些指标显示出优势。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(19)
研究选用200只1日龄健康大围山微型鸡(公母各半),在相同条件下饲养,于150日龄进行屠宰试验,对肌肉肉质性状和肌苷酸含量进行测定,比较大围山微型鸡肌苷酸含量与肉品质常规指标的差异及相关性。研究表明:母鸡腿肌pH_(24 h)显著高于胸肌(P0.05);公鸡胸肌L~*值显著低于母鸡(P0.05);公鸡腿肌a~*值极显著高于母鸡腿肌(P0.01);公鸡胸肌和腿肌剪切力均显著高于母鸡(P0.05);公鸡胸肌粗脂肪含量极显著低于母鸡(P0.01),母鸡腿肌粗蛋白含量极显著高于公鸡腿肌(P0.01),公鸡胸肌粗灰分含量显著低于母鸡(P0.05);母鸡胸肌和腿肌肌苷酸含量均显著高于公鸡(P0.05);相关性分析显示,胸肌和腿肌肌苷酸含量均与pH_(45 min)、p_H(24 h)、a~*值、剪切力、粗蛋白和粗脂肪呈正相关;与L~*值、b~*值、失水率、蒸煮损失率、粗灰分均呈负相关。 相似文献
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为比较速生型肉鸡和优质地方鸡种之间肉品质的差异,试验选取速生型从肉鸡,优质地方鸡种北京油鸡各30只,分别在49日龄、110日龄屠宰测定部分屠宰和肉质性状,结果表明:①AA肉鸡肉质性状和北京油鸡有较大差异,从肉鸡蒸煮损失、肌纤维指数、肌纤维密度、肌肉剪切力和韧性均显著低于北京油鸡(P<0.01);从肉鸡滴水损失、肌纤维直径、肌纤维横截面积均显著高于北京油鸡(P<0.01).②运用主成分分析法从10个肉质指标中提出前4个主成分,累积贡献率超过85%,能够比较准确地反映鸡肉肉质特点.③AA肉鸡屠宰性能优于北京油鸡,从肉鸡体重、胸肌重、腿肌重、胸肌率、腿肌率均显著高于北京油鸡(P<0.01). 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献