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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2018,(23)
为了研究巴克夏猪与地方猪种的杂交效果,试验将巴克夏猪分别与6个地方猪种(成华猪、雅南猪、青峪猪、内江猪、丫杈猪和乌金猪)杂交,测定了360头杂交猪的肥育性能和180头杂交猪的胴体性能、肉质常规理化性能、滋味物质和挥发性风味物质。结果表明:巴克夏猪×丫杈猪的料重比和瘦肉率均极显著优于巴克夏猪×成华猪和巴克夏猪×青峪猪(P0.01),眼肌面积显著高于巴克夏猪×成华猪(P0.05)、极显著高于巴克夏猪×青峪猪(P0.01);巴克夏猪×雅南猪的肉色评分极显著低于巴克夏猪×丫杈猪、巴克夏猪×乌金猪和巴克夏猪×成华猪(P0.01),硬脂酸含量显著高于巴克夏猪×丫杈猪和巴克夏猪×乌金猪(P0.05)。说明巴克夏猪×成华猪和巴克夏猪×青峪猪杂交后代的胴体性能较差,巴克夏猪×雅南猪杂交的肉质风味较差,巴克夏猪×丫杈猪杂交综合性能最好。 相似文献
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为了解国内、外两类猪种肌肉生长发育及血清中相关细胞因子含量差异,以我国特有的藏猪和国外杜洛克猪作为研究对象,采用酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)测定6月龄藏猪、杜洛克猪血清中胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)的含量及肌纤维面积(CSA)。结果显示:藏猪血清中IGF-1含量及CSA均极显著低于杜洛克猪(P0.01),IGFBP-3含量极显著高于杜洛克猪(P0.01);CSA与IGF-1含量间呈极显著正相关,与IGFBP-3间呈极显著负相关,说明IGF-1对猪背最长肌生长发育有促进作用,而IGFBP-3可能有抑制作用。 相似文献
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miR-1、miR-27a、miR-369和miR-378在7个地方猪种背最长肌中的表达与肉质性状的关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
实验采用荧光定量PCR技术(q-PCR)检测藏猪、成华猪、雅南猪、丫杈猪、青峪猪、内江猪和乌金猪7个地方猪种背最长肌中miR-1、miR-27a、miR-369、miR-378的差异表达,旨在研究miRNA表达量与肉质风味表型指标的相关性。结果表明:背最长肌组织中4种miRNA的表达水平在7个猪种中趋于一致,在藏猪、内江猪、雅南猪和成华猪中相对表达量较高,在丫杈猪和乌金猪中相对表达量较低;相关性分析显示,4种miRNA在背最长肌中的表达水平与肌内脂肪含量和硫胺素含量呈正相关,与肌纤维直径、眼肌面积和瘦肉率呈负相关,表明miR-1、miR-27a、miR-369和miR-378对猪肉品质具有正调控作用,而对猪胴体品质具有负调控作用。本研究可为阐明miRNA在猪肌肉生长和脂肪沉积过程中的调控机制提供基础数据。 相似文献
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《养猪》2019,(5)
为了研究mRNA表达量与猪胴体及肉质性状的相关性,试验采用荧光定量PCR技术(QRT-PCR)检测了引进猪种大约克夏猪和6个四川省地方猪种背部皮下脂肪中IGF-1和PPARγ的差异表达情况。结果显示:大约克夏猪IGF-1相对表达量显著或极显著高于所有地方猪种(P0.05或P0.01),地方猪种中藏猪最高,显著高于丫杈猪、内江猪、青峪猪(P0.05);大约克夏猪PPARγ相对表达量极显著高于青峪猪、藏猪(P0.01),显著高于雅南猪(P0.05),地方猪种中成华猪、丫杈猪显著高于青峪猪和藏猪(P0.05)。相关分析显示,IGF-1、PPARγ分别与体脂率呈极显著和显著负相关(P0.01,P0.05),与多不饱和脂肪酸含量呈极显著正相关(P0.01);此外,IGF-1与单不饱和脂肪酸含量呈极显著负相关(P0.01),PPARγ与肌内脂肪含量呈显著负相关(P0.05)。 相似文献
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本文旨在探讨宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)发生与胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)发育模式的联系。选用20头体况相近的环江香猪母猪，分娩后从每窝挑出1头体重最大(定义为正常出生重，NBW)仔猪和1头体重最小仔猪(定义为IUGR),分为NBW组和IUGR组，每组20头。分别于0、7、14和21日龄时，从各组随机选取5头仔猪，前腔静脉采血，离心分离血浆，检测IGF-1浓度；采集肝和背最长肌样品，检测IGF-1、IGF-1R、IGFBP-3和IGFBP-5的基因表达水平。结果表明：与NBW仔猪相比，0～21日龄IUGR仔猪体重和血浆IGF-1含量均显著降低(P<0.05);0～14日龄IUGR仔猪的体重逐渐增加(P<0.05),而21日龄IUGR仔猪的体重与14日龄差异不显著(P>0.05)。0日龄IUGR仔猪肌肉IGF-1R、IGFBP-3和IGFBP-5、肝IGFBP-5的表达显著高于NBW仔猪(P<0.05),7日龄IUGR仔猪肌肉和肝的IGF-1表达均显著低于NBW仔猪(P<0.05),21日龄IUGR仔猪肌肉IGF-1R的表达水平显著高于NBW仔猪(P<0.0... 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医》2017,(11)
为了研究中国特有地方猪种丫杈猪、青裕猪和乌金猪盲肠微生物菌落的组成,揭示地方猪种耐粗饲特性的机理,本试验采用16SrDNA扩增子测序技术比较分析了体重90kg左右的丫杈猪、青裕猪和乌金猪盲肠微生物菌群的多样性。结果显示,在门水平上3个品种猪的核心菌群均为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),在属的水平上均为普雷沃菌属(Prevotella)和拟杆菌属(Bacteroides);在3个猪种的盲肠中均发现了与降解纤维素相关的细菌,其中纤维杆菌属(Fibrobacter)和梭菌属(Clostridium)在丫杈猪盲肠中的数量显著高于青裕猪和乌金猪(P0.05),普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)在丫杈猪盲肠内的数量显著高于乌金猪(P0.05),拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)在青裕猪盲肠内的数量显著高于丫杈猪(P0.05),螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)在青裕猪盲肠内的数量显著高于乌金猪(P0.05)。结果表明,3个品种猪盲肠内微生物菌群分布的种类相似度高,但分布规律和数量存在显著差异;对与纤维素消化相关菌群的分析表明,丫杈猪对纤维消化的能力是3个品种中最强的,其次是青裕猪,乌金猪最弱。 相似文献
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KANG Run-min LI Yao LV Xue-bin JI Gao-sheng YING San-cheng ZENG Kai LI Yan YIN Ming-yu 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(11):3121-3129
To study the diversity and composition of the bacterial community from cecum samples from Yacha pig, Qingyu pig and Wujin pig, the investigation was designed to reveal mechanism of roughage resistance. Illumina amplicon sequencing of 16S rDNA Tag was used to analyze the cecum microbial diversity of Yacha pig, Qingyu pig and Wujin pig at 90 kg liveweight. The results indicated that the core flora of the three breeds were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes at the phylum level and Prevotella and Bacteroides at the genus level. Meanwhile bacteria associated with cellulose decomposition were found in all three breeds, in which the number of Fibrobacter and Clostridium in Yacha pig were significantly higher than that in Qingyu pig and Wujin pig (P<0.05),and the number of Prevotella in Yacha pig was significantly higher than that in Wujin pig (P<0.05). The number of Bacteroides in Qingyu pig was significantly higher than that in Yacha pig (P<0.05).The number of Spirochaetes in Qingyu pig was significantly higher than that in Wujin pig (P<0.05). It could conclud that the composition of the cecum bacteria community was similar in above pig breeds, but there were significant differences in distribution and quantity. According to analysis of microbial related to cellulose digestibility, Yacha pig was the strongest among the three breeds, followed by the Qingyu pig and Wujin pig. 相似文献
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旨在分析四川省7个地方猪种类群和山东省徒河黑猪重要经济性状关联SNP位点基因型分布及群体间遗传结构。本研究采用中芯一号芯片对23头成华猪、26头雅南猪、60头青峪猪、57头内江猪、151头丫杈猪、57头乌金猪（凉山类群）、51头平原藏猪、109头高原藏猪和28头徒河黑猪共562头健康种猪进行了单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP）分析,利用Plink软件对获得的基因型数据进行质控,结合R等软件,统计分析猪7个重要经济性状的基因型;采用Mega X软件进行聚类分析,使用Plink软件进行主成分（PCA）分析,通过VCFtools软件计算猪群间的群体遗传分化指数（Fst）,分析群体间遗传关系远近。结果显示,四川省地方猪群体中,采食量、酸肉和应激性状的非优势基因型比例均在2.20%以下;抗仔猪腹泻、料重比（FCR）、公猪精液品质和多肋性状的非优势基因型比例分别为8.99%、11.80%、73.97%和95.32%;徒河黑猪群体中,应激性状已无q等位基因,采食量和酸肉性状的非优势基因型比例较低,均为3.57%;公猪精液品质、抗仔猪腹泻、料重比和多肋性状的非优势基因型比例较高,分别为39.29%、50.00%、82.14%和92.86%;聚类和主成分分析显示,徒河黑猪与四川地方猪种间遗传距离远,丫杈猪、乌金猪、内江猪和藏猪（平原和高原）各自聚为一类,品种间群体分层结构明显,雅南猪、成华猪、青峪猪聚为一类;Fst指数计算结果表明,同属于湖川山地猪的丫杈猪和青峪猪间存在高度遗传分化。结果提示,四川省地方猪群体的采食量、酸肉、应激、抗仔猪腹泻和料重比性状的非优势基因型比例较低,公猪精液品质和多肋性状的非优势基因型比例较高;徒河黑猪群体的应激性状已无q等位基因,采食量和酸肉性状的非优势基因型比例较低,公猪精液品质、抗仔猪腹泻、料重比和多肋性状的非优势基因型比例较高;群体遗传结构研究结果表明,丫杈猪与青峪猪都归类于湖川山地猪有待商榷。 相似文献
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为比较沙乌头猪二元杂种猪不同体重阶段背膘厚和眼肌面积,试验通过B超测定两种二元猪80~100 kg活体背膘厚和眼肌面积。结果表明,沙乌头猪二元杂种猪背膘厚和眼肌面积随体重增加而增加。鲁莱黑猪×沙乌头猪(LS)组背膘厚在80~90 kg极显著增加(P<0.01),眼肌面积在80~90 kg缓慢增加(P>0.05)。杜洛克猪×沙乌头猪(DS)组背膘厚在80~100 kg显著增加(P<0.05),眼肌面积在80~90 kg缓慢增加(P>0.05),90 kg后显著增加(P<0.05)。沙乌头猪二元杂种猪背膘厚和眼肌面积因杂交组合方式(地方猪血统比例)不同而异。DS组80~90 kg背膘厚均极显著低于LS组(P<0.01),而其80~90 kg眼肌面积均极显著高于LS组(P<0.01)。相关性分析结果显示,沙乌头猪二元杂种猪活体背膘厚、眼肌面积与体重均呈正相关。综上,在考虑活体背膘厚和眼肌面积方面,DS组优于LS组。研究为沙乌头猪的开发利用提供相关理论及数据支持。 相似文献
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LI Wen-tong LIU Ying ZHOU Rong SHEN Zi-quan DONG Sheng-hua SONG Xiao-tao WANG Yue-jiang TANG Hui 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(7):2057-2064
To further understand the germplasm characteristics of Jiangquan Black pig,100 kg Jiangquan Black pigs (10 barrows, 10 sows) and 10 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire (DLY) pigs under the same conditions were randomly selected to analyse the slaughter performance and meat quality according to related rules. After slaughtered,the carcass index (carcass weight, loin muscle area, carcass length and backfat thickness etc), meat quality physical indicators (pH, meat color, marbling, drip loss etc), gerneral chemical index (the contents of crude protein, intramuscular fat, moisture and ash etc) and the proportion of amino acids in Jiangquan Black pig were analyzed. The results showed that, Jiangquan Black pig carcass lean meat rate was relatively low, the loin muscle area was reduced by about 30% (P<0.05) compared with DLY pig, while the backfat thickness was higher than that of DLY pig (P<0.05). The meat color, marbling, drip loss, cooking loss, water loss rate index and intramuscular fat content of Jiangquan Black pig were significantly better than that of DLY pigs (P<0.05), the rate of water loss and drip loss and cooking loss were decreased by 4.0%, 3.1% and 2.7%, intramuscular fat content increased by 150.0%. Therefore, The lean yield of Jiangquan Black pig was less than DLY pig, but water retention property, intramuscular fat content, meat color, marbling, meat quality indexes were significantly better than that of DLY pig. In conclusion, Jiangquan Black pig could provide good quality pork for consumers. 相似文献
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为了比较松辽黑猪、雷香猪、杜长大白猪肉质性状及肌肉营养成分，选取松辽黑猪、雷香猪、杜长大白猪进行屠宰，对肉质性状、肌肉氨基酸及脂肪酸含量进行测定，结果表明：松辽黑猪剪切力、肌内脂肪含量显著高于杜长大白猪（P<0.05），熟肉率显著高于雷香猪（P<0.05），雷香猪剪切力、肌内脂肪含量极显著高于杜长大白猪（P<0.01）；松辽黑猪和雷香猪肌肉中丙氨酸含量极显著高于杜长大白猪（P<0.01），甘氨酸含量松辽黑猪显著高于雷香猪（P<0.05），极显著高于杜长大白猪（P<0.01）；雷香猪亚油酸含量显著低于杜长大白猪（P<0.05）。文章对优质高端黑猪肉生产群体的选择提供了参考。 相似文献
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为探究藏猪和大约克猪肌节线粒体肌酸激酶2（creatine kinase,mitochondrial 2,CKMT2）基因多态性位点及其在各组织中的表达差异,试验采用Sanger测序法对藏猪（50头）和大约克猪（60头）CKMT2基因起始密码子上游1 000 bp区域进行单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP）筛选与基因分型;180日龄藏猪和大约克猪（各10头）屠宰后分别采集心脏、背脂和背最长肌组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测CKMT2基因在各组织中的表达水平。结果显示,在CKMT2基因起始密码子上游1 000 bp区域,筛选到5个SNPs位点：G-357A、T-469C、G-649T、A-784G和A-953G,且藏猪与大约克猪等位基因频率差异明显。转录因子预测发现,这些SNPs位点与骨骼肌生长发育、肌肉能量代谢、抗缺氧有关。藏猪CKMT2基因在背最长肌和心脏组织中的mRNA表达量极显著高于大约克猪（P<0.01）,在背脂中的mRNA表达量极显著低于大约克猪（P<0.01）,推测CKMT2基因具有正向调控抗低氧和肌肉组织生成、负向调控脂肪生成的作用,该分析结果与藏猪和大约克猪的品种特性相吻合。本试验结果为进一步探索猪生长发育、脂肪沉积和低氧适应性提供了一定的新思路。 相似文献
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One of the hallmarks of the pathophysiology of enteric disease in young pigs is reduced growth performance. This reduction in growth is associated with changes in the endocrine somatotropic growth axis. Our laboratory previously demonstrated that circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was reduced in pigs infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) while circulating growth hormone remained unchanged. The objective of the current study was to determine if infection with S. typhimurium also was associated with changes in circulating IGF binding proteins (IGFBP). In addition, pigs experiencing active enteric disease have reduced feed intake. Because this inappetence may be related to systemic appetite reduction signals, we also evaluated circulating leptin in pigs undergoing active S. typhimurium-induced enteric disease. Crossbred pigs were penned in environmentally controlled rooms with free access to feed and water. Following an acclimation period, pigs were gavaged with 10(10) cfu of S. typhimurium (SAL; n=6) or were given a similar volume of sterile growth media (CON; n=6). Rectal temperatures and feed intakes were measured daily through 168 h to track the time course of the response to S. typhimurium infection. Samples of serum were obtained by jugular venipuncture at 0, 24, 48, 96 and 168 h after infection. Sera were frozen until evaluation for IGF-I by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). In addition, sera were subjected to western ligand blotting utilizing 125I-IGF-I and 125I-IGF-II. Images were evaluated for total IGFBP and IGFBP-3 by densitometric analyses. Rectal temperature was increased in SAL pigs 24h post-infection (P<0.001) but not at other times. Feed intake was reduced in SAL pigs during the intervals 24-72 h (P<0.001) and 96-144 h (P<0.05) after infection. Serum IGF-I, expressed as a percentage of the 0 h concentration, was reduced in SAL pigs versus CON pigs at 48 h (28.1+/-18.7% versus 102.2+/-17.1%; P<0.01) and 96 h (20.0+/-18.7% versus 128.4+/-17.0%; P<0.0001) post-infection. Both total IGFBP and IGFBP-3, as estimated by ligand blotting, also were reduced in infected pigs at 48 h postchallenge (P<0.05). IGFBPs were similar between the two treatments at other sampling times. Concentrations of IGFBP-3 also were estimated utilizing an IRMA for human IGFBP-3. Serum IGFBP-3 was reduced in S. typhimurium-infected pigs at 24 h (P<0.01), 48 h (P<0.001), 96 h (P<0.001), and 168 h (P<0.05). Serum leptin levels were similar between SAL and CON pigs. The data suggest that swine enteric disease is associated with reduced circulating IGF-I and reductions in total IGFBP and IGFBP-3. However, serum leptin was not affected by enteric disease challenge. 相似文献