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本试验旨在探究日粮中添加不同发酵时间的酿酒酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响,并确定其应用于肉仔鸡的最适发酵产品的发酵时间。选取336羽健康、体质量相近的1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为7个处理组,每个处理6个重复,每个重复8只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,酿酒酵母培养物组分别在基础日粮中添加发酵时间12,4,36,48,60h的酵母培养物,阳性对照组添加"达农威益康V XP"酵母培养物产品,预试期7d,试验期为42d。结果表明:饲粮中添加不同发酵时间的酿酒酵母培养物可以改善肉仔鸡的生长性能,与对照组相比,7~42d添加发酵24,36h的酿酒酵母培养物组肉仔鸡的平均日增重(ADG)分别显著提高了11.16%,12.36%(P0.05),料重比(F/G)分别降低了9.19%,8.77%(P0.05),且各处理组的平均日采食量(ADFI)均有提高趋势(P0.05),比对照组分别提高了1.41%,2.32%,2.70%和3.46%,且阳性对照组与对照组基本持平。同时,添加酿酒酵母培养物可以促进肉仔鸡的免疫功能,21,42d,添加发酵24,36h酿酒酵母培养物组的免疫球蛋白(IgA,IgG)浓度显著高于对照组(P0.05),而添加发酵36h酿酒酵母培养物组的白蛋白和血清总蛋白质含量也显著高于空白对照组与阳性对照组(P0.05)。各试验组的免疫器官指数与对照组相比均有不同程度地提高,其中42d,添加发酵24h酿酒酵母培养物组的脾脏指数显著高于对照组(P0.05),比对照组提高了36.19%。综上所述在本试验条件下,添加发酵24,36h的酿酒酵母培养物对肉仔鸡的营养保健效果最佳。 相似文献
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壳聚糖对肉仔鸡生长性能与免疫功能的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
将120只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每重复8只鸡。对照组(Ⅰ)喂给基础日粮,试验组(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ)分别在基础日粮中添加10、20、30g/kg壳聚糖和5mg/kg黄霉素,试验期3周。试验结果表明:肉仔鸡日粮中添加10g/kg壳聚糖能够不影响其生长性能,而添加量增大到20g/kg和30g/kg,严重影响肉仔鸡生长性能。添加壳聚糖不能提高日粮营养物质的利用率但能提高肉仔鸡免疫功能。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同水平酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质和肠道菌群的影响。选用432只1日龄、初始体重为（41.73±0.15）g的AA商品代肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为4个处理组（分别在基础日粮中添加0、0.1%、0.2%和0.3%的酵母培养物）,每组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡。试验期42 d,分为1~21和22~42 d两个阶段,试验期间记录采食量、体重和死淘率,试验结束时每个重复选择1只与平均体重接近的肉仔鸡空腹12 h后进行屠宰,测定其屠宰性能和肠道微生物数量。结果显示,与对照组相比,日粮中添加0.2%和0.3%酵母培养物能够显著提高肉仔鸡42 d的体重和试验全期平均日增重（P< 0.05）。且当添加量为0.2%时,能显著提高肉仔鸡22~42 d平均日增重（P< 0.05）,显著降低料重比（P< 0.05）;显著提高试验全期平均日增重和平均日采食量（P< 0.05）,显著降低试验全期料重比（P< 0.05）。同时,添加酵母培养物还可显著降低鸡肉的滴水损失和大肠杆菌数量（P< 0.05）,并显著增加盲肠双歧杆菌数量（P< 0.05）。综上所述,肉仔鸡日粮中添加0.2%酵母培养物的效果最佳,能够显著提高肉鸡生长性能,提高肌肉的系水力,改善其肌肉品质。同时,还能有效增加肉鸡盲肠中有益菌双歧杆菌数量和减少有害菌大肠杆菌数量。 相似文献
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不同能量水平饲粮中添加白酒糟酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体组成和血清生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在探究不同能量水平饲粮中添加白酒糟酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体组成和血清生化指标的影响。选用350只1日龄爱拔益加健康公雏,随机分为5个组,分别为:Ⅰ组(基础饲粮,对照组)、Ⅱ组(基础饲粮+0.5%白酒糟酵母培养物)、Ⅲ组(基础饲粮+1.0%白酒糟酵母培养物)、Ⅳ组(基础饲粮降低0.21 MJ/kg代谢能+0.5%白酒糟酵母培养物)和Ⅴ组(基础饲粮降低0.42 MJ/kg代谢能+1.0%白酒糟酵母培养物),每组7个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验期42 d。结果显示:1)21日龄肉仔鸡平均体重以对照组最低,其他各组略有升高,Ⅲ组升高趋势明显(P0.10)。与对照组相比,Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组肉仔鸡22~42日龄料重比有所改善(P0.10),Ⅱ组料重比在1~42日龄低于对照组(P0.05)。2)与对照组比,Ⅳ组肉仔鸡21日龄腹脂率显著降低(P0.05),Ⅴ组肉仔鸡腹脂率在21日龄和42日龄有降低的趋势(P0.05)。3)饲粮添加白酒糟酵母培养物对肉仔鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白、尿酸、肌酐、钙和磷含量影响均不显著(P0.05)。4)21日龄时,对照组肉仔鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性最低,且显著低于Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组(P0.05);各试验组肉仔鸡血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组肉仔鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P0.05)。42日龄时,各试验组肉仔鸡血清T-AOC均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。综上,不同能量水平饲粮中添加0.05%~0.10%白酒糟酵母培养物可提高肉仔鸡体增重,改善料重比,降低腹脂率,提高血清抗氧化能力。 相似文献
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酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠黏膜结构及肠道菌群的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究不同水平酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠黏膜结构及肠道菌群的影响.选取240只1日龄健康、体重相近的爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为6个组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡.对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(Ⅱ～Ⅵ组)分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.05％、0.10％、0.15％、0.20％和0.25％酵母培养物的试验饲粮.试验期21 d.结果表明:1)Ⅴ、Ⅵ组肉仔鸡平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),各组料重比差异不显著(P＞0.05).2)Ⅴ组肉仔鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),隐窝深度显著低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05).3)Ⅴ组空肠、回肠和盲肠大肠杆菌数量显著低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),乳酸杆菌数量显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),各组双歧杆菌数量差异不显著(P＞0.05).结果提示,酵母培养物可调节肠道菌群和改善肠黏膜结构,进而提高生长性能.本试验条件下,l ～21日龄肉仔鸡饲粮酵母培养物的适宜添加水平为0.20％. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究肉仔鸡日粮中添加不同水平的酵母多糖对生产性能和机体免疫功能的影响。试验采用单因素随机区组试验设计,选取健康、体重接近的1日龄爱拔益加肉仔鸡(AA肉鸡)300只,随机分为5个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复20只鸡(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%的酵母多糖,试验分为两个阶段(1~21日龄和22~42日龄),各阶段基础日粮水平略有差异,整个试验共42 d。结果表明:日粮中添加酵母多糖对前期肉仔鸡的平均日增重无显著性影响(P0.05),但0.1%、0.2%和0.3%添加水平的酵母多糖可以显著提高肉仔鸡的平均日采食量(P0.05);在后期,0.2%和0.3%添加水平的酵母多糖对肉仔鸡的平均日增重和平均日采食量均具有显著的促进作用(P0.05);但不论是前期还是后期,各添加水平的酵母多糖对肉仔鸡的料重比均没有显著性影响(P0.05);0.2%和0.3%添加水平的酵母多糖在前期可以显著促进肉仔鸡胸腺的发育(P0.05),在后期,各添加水平的酵母多糖均可以显著促进肉仔鸡脾脏的发育(P0.05),且以0.1%添加水平效果最优;0.2%和0.3%添加水平的酵母多糖还可以显著提肉仔鸡21和42 d血清中新城疫抗体滴度水平(P0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加酵母多糖可以有效提高肉仔鸡的生产性能,促进免疫器官发育、增强机体免疫功能和抗病毒能力,相对来说,0.2%添加水平的酵母多糖可以取得较好效果。 相似文献
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选用720只健康无病的49周龄海兰褐蛋鸡,采用单因素完全随机分组的试验设计,随机分为2个处理组,每组设3个重复,每重复120只鸡.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.3%的酵母培养物,试验期7周,研究酵母培养物对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响.结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组日平均蛋质量显著提高7%,平均日产蛋量显著提高9.4%.试验组蛋黄颜色显著高于对照组13.6%,蛋黄胆固醇含量显著低于对照组7.3%.日粮中添加酵母培养物可以显著提高蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质. 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2016,(17)
试验旨在研究胍基乙酸对AA肉仔鸡生长性能和经济效益的影响。试验一选用432只1日龄商品代AA肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为4个处理组,每组6个重复,每重复18只,试验期42 d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其余3个处理组分别在基础日粮中添加200、400和600 mg/kg胍基乙酸。结果表明,日粮中添加600 mg/kg胍基乙酸可显著提高肉仔鸡平均日增质量和降低其生长全期料重比(P005)。试验二选用3万只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为2个处理组。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加600 mg/kg胍基乙酸,试验期43 d。结果表明,与对照组相比试验组平均日增质量提高930 g,料重比降低011,造肉成本降低018元/kg,成活率提高128%及欧益指数提高7471。综上所述,胍基乙酸能有效改善AA肉仔鸡生长性能,提高肉仔鸡养殖经济效益。 相似文献
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选取1日龄Avian肉仔鸡300羽,随机分成4组,每组设3个重复,每个重复25羽.对照组采用基础日粮,试验组在对照组的基础上分别添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%的谷氨酰胺,试验期为42 d,研究添加谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡生长性能和小肠形态结构的影响.结果表明日粮中添加谷氨酰胺能显著提高肉仔鸡前期日增重、降低料重比(P＜0.05);与对照组相比,各试验组内仔鸡小肠各段绒毛长度均匀一致、隐窝深度变浅和固有层厚度变薄,尤其对十二指肠和回肠作用显著(P＜0.05).说明谷氨酰胺能够改善肉仔鸡小肠形态结构并提高其生长性能. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献