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仔猪黄白痢是由致病性大肠杆菌引起的仔猪哺乳期常见的肠道传染性疾病.其病因主要有母猪管理不善,仔猪胃肠功能发育不健全,环境与应激因素的影响等.仔猪黄痢多发生在仔猪出生后3～10 d,其特征为剧烈腹泻,排出黄色或黄白色稀粪并迅速脱水；仔猪白痢多发生于10～30日龄仔猪,其特征为排乳白色或灰白色腥臭稀粪,仔猪生长速度明显减慢.仔猪黄白痢的预防措施主要有:加强母猪饲养管理和初生仔猪的护理,加强消毒工作,使用疫苗进行预防；仔猪黄白痢的治疗应采取抗菌、止泻、助消化和补液等综合措施,可使用抗生素治疗,也可使用中草药制剂进行治疗. 相似文献
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复方冠能注射液对仔猪黄白痢的疗效试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
仔猪黄白痢是5～40日龄仔猪的一种多发性常见病,该病占仔猪消化道疾病的54%以上,其发病率高、病程长、死亡率高,且引起的原因复杂.此病既使能耐过,也会使仔猪生长发育缓慢,或成为僵猪,严重影响养猪业的发展.目前兽医临床上用于治疗仔猪黄白痢的药物很多,但由于存在耐药性使临床用药剂量不断增加.选择具有广谱、抗菌力强、不易产生耐药性、毒副作用小的药物是兽医界急待解决的问题.为此,笔者根据猪黄白痢的病因、发病机制、临床病理和药物作用机理,进行了科学的处方筛选试验.研制开发出疗效显著、质量可靠、应用方便、价格低廉的复方中药冠能注射液.用冠能注射液对人工感染仔猪黄白痢和仔猪自然感染黄白痢病例进行了治疗试验,治愈率可达96%. 相似文献
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目的：对复方氯化钾注射液治疗仔猪黄白痢的疗效进行探讨,寻求经济有效的治疗方法。方法：选择我县规模养猪场的患有黄痢病、白痢病的仔猪作为研究对象,分别使用复方氯化钾注射液、土霉素、氯霉素和痢菌净对患病仔猪进行治疗,对其治疗效果进行比较分析。结果：经过研究发现,复方氯化钾注射液治疗仔猪黄痢病、白痢病的治愈率为74．36％,土霉素、氯霉素和痢菌净的治愈率分别为66．04％,33．93％和30．51％。结论：复方氯化钾注射液对仔猪黄痢病、白痢病的治疗效果要明显高于土霉素、氯霉素和痢菌净,而且价格低廉,没有副作用和不良反应,值得在农村广泛推广和应用。 相似文献
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进行了仔猪黄白痢的综合预防试验和仔猪黄白痢的临床治疗试验,结果表明:在对母猪使用仔猪黄白痢基因工程多价苗的基础上,给母猪和仔猪内服微生态制剂,对仔猪黄白痢有很好的预防效果;仔猪发生黄白痢后,用微生态制剂给母猪和仔猪内服有较好的治疗效果,其次是给仔猪注射中草药注射液和给母猪内服中草药制剂。 相似文献
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为了探索不同给药途径治疗仔猪黄白痢的效果,我们选择了炎克星、诺氟沙星、庆大霉素、卡那霉素和痢菌净针剂6种临床常用的抗生素,在我区某大型工厂化养猪场对患有黄白痢的仔猪分1～7日龄、8～15日龄、16～35日龄3个日龄阶段进行了治疗试验. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献