共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 61 毫秒
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试验旨在探索法氏囊活性肽BP7调节鸡未成熟B细胞的分子基础。利用BP7刺激禽前B淋巴细胞DT40细胞,采用荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测IgM的mRNA水平,并采用基因芯片分析基因表达谱及其生物学功能。结果显示,BP7刺激的DT40细胞产生IgM的mRNA水平明显升高。基因芯片分析发现,BP7处理的DT40细胞中共有1345个差异表达基因。通路分析发现,BP7诱导DT40细胞的差异表达基因涉及17条通路,包括受体互作、信号通路、代谢和蛋白质分解相关通路等。通路网络分析发现,细胞因子-细胞因子受体互作是BP7刺激后DT40细胞相关途径中的关键通路。基因本体论(GO)功能分析发现,BP7刺激DT40细胞中涉及的免疫相关功能主要包括免疫应答、免疫应答信号、Th1型免疫应答、细胞因子的产生和调节及其受体活性等方面。该研究阐述了法氏囊活性肽BP7调节禽未成熟B细胞的分子基础,为进一步研究法氏囊活性肽调控B细胞分化的分子机制提供了新的数据。 相似文献
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综述了国内外蜂胶对非特异性免疫系统的作用及其机理的研究进展,探讨了蜂胶对非特异性免疫反应中各种细胞以及相关免疫介质的影响.研究结果表明:蜂胶能有效提高巨噬细胞、自然杀伤细胞和多形核粒细胞的活性,调节细胞因子的分泌和免疫细胞的增殖,降低巨噬细胞氧化应激反应. 相似文献
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全书丽黄婧溪陈贵琴杨鹰 《动物营养学报》2023,(10):6220-6226
芳香烃受体（AhR）是一种配体激活的转录因子,能够被环境污染物、饮食、微生物和代谢产物激活,参与机体代谢、免疫调节和稳态维持等生理过程。AhR在肠道多种免疫细胞中表达,通过调节上皮内淋巴细胞、固有淋巴细胞、辅助性T细胞17/调节性T细胞和巨噬细胞等免疫细胞的分化和功能,维持肠道免疫和稳态。本文综述了AhR的经典和非经典通路、常见配体及其对肠道免疫功能的调节作用机制,为利用AhR信号通路调节畜禽肠道健康和开发新的免疫治疗方法提供参考。 相似文献
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细菌胞外囊泡（BEVs）是一类由细菌分泌的可携带和转运各种物质的纳米级颗粒,在母源细菌与宿主互作中发挥重要作用。研究发现,BEVs可携带母源细菌源抗原成分参与免疫反应信号通路,实现对宿主的免疫调节作用,为疫苗开发提供了新思路;肠道中的BEVs可刺激黏蛋白产生,增强肠道屏障效应、降低肠道炎症,既能作为修复肠炎患者肠道屏障功能的潜在药物,也可作为评估肠道损伤情况的标志物;BEVs还可通过调节糖和脂质代谢的信号通路调节宿主代谢。反过来,宿主也能影响细菌及其BEVs的分泌。本文综述了BEVs的组成及其在宿主免疫调节、肠道屏障功能和代谢过程中作用机制,以期为BEVs在临床和生产应用中提供参考。 相似文献
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(接上期)4蜂胶防治肾衰的机理分析蜂胶疗法给肾衰患者带来希望,利用蜂胶治疗肾衰,具有疗效显著,无毒副作用,价格低廉,使用方便的特点。4.1蜂胶具有非凡的免疫调节能力4.1.1蜂胶可使机体免疫正常化蜂胶有使免疫系统活力恢复的能力,这种能力在很多实验中被证实。蜂胶对人体多种组织器官的生理、病理均有作用,具有全面的激发生物免疫活性的能力。蜂胶激活人体免疫系统,重新调整人体免疫功能,彻底改变内环境,使机体产生巨大的自我修复能力,加速其新陈代谢的恢复。因此,蜂胶对于修复肾损伤,清除肾脏破坏性物质——免疫复合物和代谢产物等,并阻断… 相似文献
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ROS介导的氧化应激与自噬 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
自噬是真核细胞所特有的细胞内物质成分被溶酶体降解过程的统称。生命体借此清除细胞内的废物,重建结构从而维持蛋白质代谢平衡及细胞内环境稳定。氧化应激是指体内氧化与抗氧化作用失衡,倾向于氧化,导致中性粒细胞炎性浸润,蛋白酶分泌增加,产生大量活性氧中介物(ROS),而ROS直接参与细胞存活和死亡调节。大量研究表明,氧化应激中产生的ROS在多种条件下都是自噬的重要调节因子,它能诱导自噬发生,而自噬能通过不同的信号通路来缓解氧化应激造成的损伤,从而保护细胞存活。ROS在多种条件下都是自噬的重要调节因子。作者主要对自噬的形成过程、氧化应激诱导自噬产生机制(包括调控mTOR信号通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路机制)及自噬缓解氧化应激的途径(mTOR信号通路、PI3K介导的信号通路和调控p53等)进行综述,以期为畜牧生产中通过调控自噬缓解动物氧化应激的措施提供理论依据。 相似文献
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自噬是真核细胞所特有的细胞内物质成分被溶酶体降解过程的统称。生命体借此清除细胞内的废物，重建结构从而维持蛋白质代谢平衡及细胞内环境稳定。氧化应激是指体内氧化与抗氧化作用失衡，倾向于氧化，导致中性粒细胞炎性浸润，蛋白酶分泌增加，产生大量活性氧中介物（ROS），而ROS直接参与细胞存活和死亡调节。大量研究表明，氧化应激中产生的ROS在多种条件下都是自噬的重要调节因子，它能诱导自噬发生，而自噬能通过不同的信号通路来缓解氧化应激造成的损伤，从而保护细胞存活。ROS在多种条件下都是自噬的重要调节因子。作者主要对自噬的形成过程、氧化应激诱导自噬产生机制（包括调控mTOR信号通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路机制）及自噬缓解氧化应激的途径（mTOR信号通路、PI3K介导的信号通路和调控p53等）进行综述，以期为畜牧生产中通过调控自噬缓解动物氧化应激的措施提供理论依据。 相似文献
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氨基酸不仅是蛋白质和其他含氮化合物合成的重要前体,还参与体内主要代谢途径的调控。当氨基酸不足时,机体内多种机制参与调节体内平衡,包括快速停止蛋白质合成、增加氨基酸合成和转运,以及加强自噬作用。越来越多的学者证明氨基酸可作为信号分子参与细胞内信号传导过程,可以调节其他营养素如脂肪和能量的代谢,最终导致机体整体代谢的改变。本文主要综述细胞内氨基酸的营养感知与应答机制,涉及氨基酸应答(AAR)和雷帕霉素靶蛋白(TOR)2条信号转导通路,并探讨这2条信号通路对下游营养素代谢途径的调节。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献