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《农产品加工．学刊》2019,(21)
为了获得蓬松度高、溶解速度极佳的枸杞粉产品。以枸杞鲜果为原料,通过加热、打浆、酶解、过滤、均质后经设置制干剂的种类、助干剂添加量、物料浓度、进风温度和进料流量5个因素,将枸杞出粉率作为考查指标,优化枸杞原汁喷雾干燥工艺。结果表明,在枸杞原汁中添加35%的麦芽糊精,物料质量分数为40%,在进风温度140℃,进料流量400 mL/h的条件下进行喷雾干燥,测得出粉率为51.72%。经感官评定,制得枸杞产品呈玫红色细粉状,质地均匀,冲调后在水中迅速溶解并散发浓郁的枸杞香味。 相似文献
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以杏鲍菇粉和苦荞粉为原料,经浸提、过滤、浓缩后,添加一定量的麦芽糊精、β-环状糊精、单硬脂酸甘油酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、羧甲基纤维素钠等辅料,进行喷雾干燥制备速溶粉。采用单因素试验和响应面优化设计筛选最佳配方。结果表明,杏鲍菇苦荞速溶粉最佳配方如下:杏鲍菇粉与苦荞粉配比为2∶1,按浸提液可溶性固形物含量计;辅料添加量分别为麦芽糊精21%,β-环状糊精2.1%,单硬脂酸甘油酯0.3%,蔗糖脂肪酸酯0.4%,羧甲基纤维素钠0.3%。在此条件下制得的产品感官品质优良、溶解性好。 相似文献
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《农产品加工．学刊》2019,(21)
以银杏、莲子、蔓越莓为主要原料,添加山梨糖醇、硬脂酸镁、麦芽糊精等辅料,采用湿法压片工艺研制银杏压片糖果,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化配方得到最佳配比。结果表明,银杏压片糖果最佳配方为山梨糖醇添加量35%,甜菊糖苷添加量0.5%,硬脂酸镁添加量0.9%,脱脂奶粉添加量10%,麦芽糊精添加量8%,原料粉配比(白果粉∶莲子粉∶蔓越莓粉=5∶3∶2) 40%,压片水分含量5%,白果片烘干温度50℃。制得的白果片具有银杏香味和良好的口感风味,并且保持了银杏的营养物质,能量较低。 相似文献
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南瓜籽油微胶囊化的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用喷雾干燥法对以超临界CO2萃取的南瓜籽油进行微胶囊化研究,并对产品进行显微镜观察和抗氧化试验。结果表明：南瓜籽油微胶囊配方中对产品包埋率的影响大小顺序为,壁材（大豆分离蛋白/麦芽糊精）配比>芯材与壁材配比>总固形物含量;由正交试验所得微胶囊配方的最佳配比为：大豆分离蛋白与麦芽糊精的质量比为1:1,芯材与壁材的质量比为1:5,总固形物含量为25%(W/V)。微胶囊化工艺参数中影响微胶囊化效率的主次顺序是:进风温度>出风温度>均质压力;喷雾干燥工艺条件为：进风温度180℃,出风温度80℃,均质压力30MPa。在上述条件下南瓜籽油微胶囊产品的包埋率为90.2%,微胶囊产品具有很好的抗氧化性能和微观结构 相似文献
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采用喷雾干燥法对以超临界CO2萃取的南瓜籽油进行微胶囊化研究,并对产品进行显微镜观察和抗氧化试验。结果表明:南瓜籽油微胶囊配方中对产品包埋率的影响大小顺序为,壁材(大豆分离蛋白/麦芽糊精)配比>芯材与壁材配比>总固形物含量;由正交试验所得微胶囊配方的最佳配比为:大豆分离蛋白与麦芽糊精的质量比为1:1,芯材与壁材的质量比为1:5,总固形物含量为25%(W/V)。微胶囊化工艺参数中影响微胶囊化效率的主次顺序是:进风温度>出风温度>均质压力;喷雾干燥工艺条件为:进风温度180℃,出风温度80℃,均质压力30MPa。在上述条件下南瓜籽油微胶囊产品的包埋率为90.2%,微胶囊产品具有很好的抗氧化性能和微观结构。 相似文献
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采用微波真空干燥法制备蓝莓粉,以蓝莓粉中花青素含量、感官评分和色差值为评价指标,研究微波功率、真空压强和麦芽糊精添加量对蓝莓干燥特性及产品品质的影响.通过单因素和响应面试验,得出影响蓝莓粉品质各因素的主次顺序为:真空压强＞微波功率＞麦芽糊精添加量,其中微波功率和真空压强的交互作用显著;微波真空干燥法制备蓝莓粉的最优工艺条件为:微波功率660 W,真空压强70 kPa,麦芽糊精添加量24％;在此最佳参数下,蓝莓粉中花青素含量为7.953 mg/g,与冻干蓝莓粉的色差值为9.426.研究结果可为蓝莓保藏和精深加工提供参考. 相似文献
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以新鲜余甘子为原料,采用真空冷冻干燥技术,在单因素试验的基础上通过正交试验优化余甘子果粉制备工艺。结果表明,真空冷冻干燥制备余甘子果粉的最佳工艺参数为：热烫时间30 s,β-环状糊精添加量8 g/200 g,木糖醇添加量5 g/200 g,过80目筛。此条件下制得的余甘子果粉含水率低,为4.99%±0.02%,符合行业标准;产品多酚含量为196.39 mg/g,总糖含量为1.036 mg/g,VC含量为450.86 mg/100 g,感官评分为84.90分;产品粉末细腻,呈橙黄色,冲调性良好,但有轻微沉淀,酸甜可口,回甘明显,稍有余甘子特有清香。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
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Summary
Hordeum chilense is a wild barley extensively used in wide crosses in the Triticeae. It could be a valuable source of resistance to Fusarium culmorum and Septoria nodorum. Some H. chilense x Triticum spp. amphiploids, named tritordeums, were more resistant than the parental wheat line to these diseases, others were not. Average contents of ergosterol and deoxynivalenol (DON) suggested that resistance to colonization by Fusarium was the highest for Hordeum chilense, followed by tritordeum and wheat in decreasing order. In particular, the H. chilense genotypes H7 and H17 enhanced the wheat resistance to F. culmorum in its tritordeum offsprings. Resistance to S. nodorum in tritordeum was not associated with tall plant height. There is sufficient genetic variation for resistance to F. culmorum and S. nodorum among tritordeum to allow the breeding of lines combining short straw and resistance to both diseases. 相似文献
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J. T. Fletcher 《Euphytica》1992,63(1-2):33-49
Summary Cultivars of tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce and peppers have been bred for resistance to one or more pathogens. Some tomato and cucumber cultivars have resistance to a wide range of diseases. Resistance has been transient in many cases and a succession of cultivars with new genes or new combinations of resistance genes has been necessary to maintain control. There has been a number of notable exceptions and these have included durable resistance to such pathogens asFulvia fulva and tomato mosaic virus. With lettuce the resistance situation is complicated by the occurrence of fungicide resistant pathotypes. There are no strains ofAgaricus bisporus purposely bred for disease resistance.In protected flower crops only resistance to Fusarium wilt in carnations has been purposely bred but differences in disease resistance are apparent in cultivars of many ornamental crops. This is particularly so in chrysanthemums where there are cultivars with resistance to many of the major pathogens. Similar situations occur with other flower crops and pot plants. Cultivars of some species have not been systematically investigated for resistance.The need for genetic resistance will increase with the further reduction, in the limits on pesticide use and an increasing public awareness and importance of pesticide pollution.ADAS is an executive agency of the Ministry of Agiculture, Fisheries and Food and the Welsh Office. 相似文献
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Relation between wheat-rye crossability and seed set of common wheat after pollination with other species in the Hordeae 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary Cultivars of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) of high wheat-rye (Secale cereale L.) crossability set more seed with pollen of other related species than did wheats of low wheat-rye crossability. This was found to be true for pollen parents from the genera Triticum, Aegilops, Secale, Agropyron and Elymus. 相似文献
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Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献