共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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《饲料广角》2017,(11)
本试验通过筛选产细菌素的粪肠球菌,研究其体外益生特性,为其在动物生产中的应用奠定基础。利用肠球菌选择性培养基进行分离,孔穴琼脂扩散法进行抑菌活性筛选,并通过形态学和生理生化试验对菌种进行鉴定,然后测定其体外益生性能。研究发现,从猪粪中筛选出9株菌,经鉴定3株为粪肠球菌,通过抑菌试验,菌株DY-F03对大肠杆菌K88、大肠杆菌K99、鸡白痢沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌圈直径分别为20.63mm、22.08mm、18.58mm和18.82mm,抑菌性能在各菌株中最强,选取菌株DY-F03进行益生性能评价。通过致病菌共培养、耐酸、耐胆盐及温度耐受试验,发现菌株DY-F03具有较强的益生及抗逆性能,作为潜在的抗生素替代品具有较大开发利用价值。 相似文献
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为评价一株来源于动物肠道的粪肠球菌SX106的益生性能,本试验对其生长曲线、产酸能力、耐酸能力、耐胆盐能力、药敏性以及抗氧化能力等指标进行了分析。试验得出：该菌株37℃厌氧培养2 h开始进入对数生长期,12 h进入稳定期;培养液pH值在第2 h迅速下降,第12 h降至4.15,乳酸产量达到45.56 mmol/L;该菌株在pH 3.0环境下存活率达到50%以上,在0.3%胆盐浓度下存活率达到95%以上;该菌株对氟苯尼考和多西环素敏感,对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、氧氟沙星、阿莫西林和恩诺沙星中度敏感,对青霉素、链霉素、甲氧氨苄嘧啶、氨苄西林、阿奇霉素、卡那霉素和庆大霉素不敏感;对DPPH自由基的清除率达到88.24%。综上,粪肠球菌SX106能耐受胃酸环境,且有良好的耐胆盐能力和抗氧化能力。 相似文献
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试验结合革兰氏染色及16S rRNA分子鉴定,对分离自红原县的17份牦牛粪便样中的肠球菌进行鉴定。结果显示,通过细菌分离纯化及PCR扩增,从牦牛粪便样品中分离出8株疑似肠球菌,分离菌的扩增产物经凝胶电泳后均产生1 500 bp特异性条带。16S rRNA测序结果显示,8株疑似肠球菌中,6株为粪肠球菌,2株为屎肠球菌。同源性比对分析显示,粪肠球菌与参考序列同源性为99.7%~100.0%,屎肠球菌与参考序列同源性为98.2%~99.2%,说明牦牛源肠球菌在遗传进化过程中高度保守。运用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,结果显示,分离株对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐受性较高,2株屎肠球菌中,11-1-2菌株表现为5重耐药,且该菌株耐万古霉素,粪肠球菌主要表现为3重耐药,药敏结果提示牦牛源肠球菌耐药较严重,应引起高度重视。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(3)
为了分离具有重金属汞抗性的优良益生乳酸菌,并挖掘细菌汞抗性的基因,应用于动物机体重金属中毒的解毒治疗,试验从健康狐狸和貉子粪便中筛选出耐酸、耐胰酶、耐胆汁、抗菌并具有较高汞抗性的乳酸菌,采用16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定,并用PCR方法扩增mer A基因,从72株优良益生菌中逐级筛选出耐酸、耐胰酶、耐胆盐、抗菌性能好并能耐受500 mg/L HgCl_2的高浓度重金属汞的一株细菌,命名为CJT-KHg1,测定了其益生特性指标。结果表明:经过16S rRNA序列分析,该菌株为乳酸片球菌;该菌株的mer A基因序列与克雷伯氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、希瓦氏菌mer A基因序列的同源性达到99%,证明为乳酸片球菌;从该菌株中克隆到的汞抗性基因为汞还原酶基因(Mercury reductase)。 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2021,33(6)
本研究旨在探寻益生特性优良、可作为抗生素替代品的乳酸菌,并为后续应用于畜禽养殖提供理论依据。本试验以青海黑藏羊和西藏白绒山羊瘤胃内容物为菌株分离来源,采用含有碳酸钙的MRS固体培养基分离纯化乳酸菌,经生理生化和16S rRNA测序鉴定及产酸产气试验分离得到22株同型发酵乳酸菌,测定并评价其生长速率、产酸能力、耐酸和耐胆盐性能、抑菌能力、自凝集率及抗生素敏感性。综合比较不同菌株之间的生物学特性,分别在片球菌属、肠球菌属、乳杆菌属中筛选获得2株戊糖片球菌、1株海氏肠球菌、2株戊糖乳杆菌。结果表明:2株戊糖片球菌均在4 h后进入对数生长期,16 h达到稳定期,24 h后菌液pH达到4.0以下,能耐受pH 3.0和0.3%的胆盐环境;1株海氏肠球菌在2 h后进入对数生长期,12 h达到稳定期,24 h后pH达到4.5以下,能耐受pH 4.0和0.3%的胆盐环境;2株戊糖乳杆菌均在2 h后进入对数生长期,16 h达到稳定期,16 h后pH达到4.0以下,能耐受pH 3.0和0.3%的胆盐环境,5株乳酸菌自凝集率、抑菌能力及安全性均表现优良。综上所述,本试验筛选获得的5株不同种属乳酸菌生物学特性良好,可作为后续开发微生物发酵饲料及动物微生态制剂的菌种来源。 相似文献
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对仔猪直肠内容物分离的粪肠球菌进行体外耐受性研究。以粪肠球菌体外存活率为考察指标,通过耐酸性、耐胆盐、耐高温试验来研究菌株的体外培养特性。耐酸性试验采用pH为2.0、3.0和7.0培养基培养菌株3h,其存活率分别为2.18%、121.01%和134.02%;胆盐浓度在0.1%~0.3%培养菌株,生长良好且存活率均在70%以上;耐高温实验是在50℃和60℃处理30min后存活率菌小于50%,菌株对高温敏感。结果表明,仔猪肠源粪肠球菌有较好的耐酸性及耐胆盐能力,但对高温敏感。 相似文献
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对上海地区1个规模化养猪场和1个规模化养鸡场分离鉴定的40株粪肠球菌,采用微量肉汤稀释法对12种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,采用Riboprinter®微生物基因指纹鉴定系统检测分离菌株的基因指纹图谱,分别检测分离菌株中的核糖体型和耐药性。结果表明,在40株粪肠球菌中,80%以上为多重耐药菌株,有4株猪源粪肠球菌对万古霉素耐药,其中有2株表现为对万古霉素高度耐药（MIC>64 mg/L）,且对链霉素和庆大霉素同时表现为高度耐药（MIC>2 048 mg/L）。从耐药表型和核糖体分型共同分析粪肠球菌的耐药性,发现多重耐药性严重,同一核糖体型菌株的耐药表型并非完全一致。 相似文献
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In order to obtain Enterococcus faecalis from fur animals and evaluate its prebiotic properties,in this study,Enterococcus faecalis was isolated from the feces of healthy adult fur-bearing animals (mink,fox,raccoon dog),identified by morphological observation,biochemical test and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.The growth curve,acid production capacity and antibiotic sensitivity of the Enterococcus faecalis isolates were measured to evaluate their probiotic properties.Some strains were selected to determine their tolerance to temperature,artificial gastric juice and artificial bile salt.The results showed that five strains were Gram-positive,and their biochemical characteristics were basically consistent with the standard strains of Enterococcus faecalis,and they were identified as Enterococcus faecalis by 16S rRNA sequence analysis.The five strains all entered the logarithmic phase at 2 h after culture,and entered the stable phase at 8-10 h,and had weak acid production capacity.The resistance rate of the isolates to tetracycline and levofloxacin was 100%,followed by penicillin (80%),erythromycin (80%),gentamicin (80%) and chloramphenicol (40%).All the isolates were sensitive to ampicillin and vancomycin.Enterococcus faecalis from mink,fox and raccoon dog had strong tolerance to temperature below 60 ℃,artificial gastric juice with pH>3.0 and 0.3%-0.5% concentration of bile salt,but poor tolerance to temperature above 70 ℃,and artificial gastric juice with pH<3.0.In conclusion,five strains of Enterococcus faecalis from fur animals (mink,fox,raccoon dog) were obtained in this study.The isolated strains propagated rapidly,which were suitable for colonization and played a prebiotic role in fur animals' intestines,and had good prebiotic characteristics and stress resistance.They could be used as candidate strains for animal microbiological agents for further study. 相似文献
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Distemper vaccination of farmed fur animals in Finland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The most important farmed fur animal species in Finland are the American mink (Mustela vison), blue fox (Alopex lagopus), silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides); all are susceptible to canine distemper. The only distemper vaccines currently available are for mink, although they also have been used for fox and raccoon dogs in emergency situations. The efficacy in eliciting neutralizing antibodies and the safety of three mink-distemper vaccines were studied under field conditions with mink and silver fox. Two of the vaccines were also studied with raccoon dogs and blue fox. All three vaccines elicited a satisfactory antibody response in mink, whereas the response varied in the other species. No side effects were observed in any species tested. One of the vaccines was safe and immunogenic in all four species. 相似文献
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Characterization of biological and antigenic properties of raccoon dog and blue fox parvoviruses: a monoclonal antibody study 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
P Veijalainen 《Veterinary microbiology》1988,16(3):219-230
Parvovirus isolates from blue foxes and raccoon dogs were characterized by studying their haemagglutination properties, host range in vitro and antigenic structure. In all 3 characters, raccoon dog parvovirus resembled canine parvovirus (CPV), while blue fox parvovirus was similar to mink enteritis virus (MEV). Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were prepared against both viruses. Raccoon dog parvovirus, while resembling CPV, had a unique antigenic site which could be specified by MAbs. The pattern of MAbs prepared against blue fox parvovirus indicated that it is a member of Type 2 MEV. 相似文献
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试验旨在探索致脑膜炎粪肠球菌对体外血脑屏障功能的影响，寻求稳定的构建体外血脑屏障损伤模型的方法。选用1周龄ICR小鼠进行原代脑微血管内皮细胞（BMEC）分离并通过BMEC特有的凝血因子Ⅷ（coagulation factor Ⅷ，Factor Ⅷ）进行荧光标记，鉴定分离的细胞并判定分离率。选用1~3日龄ICR小鼠分离星形胶质细胞并通过其特有的胶质纤维酸性蛋白（glial fibrillary acidic protein，GFAP）对进行荧光标记，鉴定分离的细胞并判定分离率。将原代细胞传至3代，用Transwell二维小孔分别构建单层BMEC和BMEC与星形胶质细胞共培养的血脑屏障模型。选用致脑膜炎粪肠球菌、非致脑膜炎粪肠球菌和大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞分别与构建的体外血脑屏障模型共培养，评估致脑膜炎粪肠球菌对体外血脑屏障模型的穿透性。通过4 h渗透试验、荧光素钠通透性试验和血脑屏障损伤相关标志基因基质金属蛋白酶2（MMP-2）表达量的检测，评估致脑膜炎粪肠球菌对体外血脑屏障模型的影响。结果显示，试验成功分离到BMEC和星形胶质细胞，纯度分别达90%和95%以上。细菌穿透试验结果显示，所选的3株细菌只有致脑膜炎粪肠球菌可穿越体外血脑屏障模型。4 h渗透试验和荧光素钠通透性试验结果显示，共培养模型优于单层BMEC模型。与其他组相比，构建的体外血脑屏障与致脑膜炎粪肠球菌共培养组荧光素钠的穿透力更高，MMP-2基因的表达量明显上升。综上，BMEC与星形胶质细胞共培养的模型优于单层BMEC模型，致脑膜炎粪肠球菌可穿越体外血脑屏障模型，并介导体外血脑屏障损伤，本试验结果为揭示致脑膜炎粪肠球菌对体外血脑屏障损伤机制提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Three 2 x 4 factorial experiments were carried out from August to September with 30 juvenile male mink, 24 raccoon dogs, and 24 blue foxes to investigate the effect of dietary glycine supply (low or high) on the efficiency of these species to excrete hippuric acid with incremental benzoate intake (0, 1, 2, or 4 mmol/kg BW). For mink, two additional treatments with 1 or 2 mmol/kg BW of ethyl benzoate were included. A basal low-glycine diet was formulated to meet the minimum protein requirements of fur animals (30% of ME). This diet was supplemented with 0 or 3 g/kg of glycine, or with 0, 1.0, 2.07, or 4.15 g/kg of sodium benzoate for mink and blue foxes, and with 0 or 4.5 g/kg of glycine and 0, 1.58, 3.17, or 6.34 g/kg of sodium benzoate for raccoon dogs, respectively. Two additional diets with .76 or 1.53 g/kg of ethyl benzoate were made for mink. Fecal and urinary benzoic and hippuric acid excretion were measured for 3 d. The 24-h recovery of [14C]benzoic acid injected intraperitoneally was measured from urine, the liver, and the kidneys. All animals appeared healthy and no clinical signs of benzoate overdose were observed. Dietary benzoate level did not affect ADFI or ADG in any species. Glycine supplementation lowered ADFI in mink. The majority of ingested benzoates were absorbed from the gut (over 95%), except in blue foxes, which excreted 6 to 15% of ingested benzoates in feces with incremental increases in benzoate intake. Urinary free benzoic acid excretion accounted for 10% of the ingested benzoates in blue foxes but less than 5% in mink and raccoon dogs. When benzoate intake was 1 mmol/kg BW, mink, blue foxes, and raccoon dogs excreted 71, 77, and 34% of ingested benzoates as hippuric acid in urine, respectively. With higher benzoate intakes, urinary hippuric acid excretion decreased quadratically with mink to 20%, and linearly with blue foxes and raccoon dogs to 45 and 16%, respectively. The hippuric acid pathway appears to be the principal route of benzoate elimination in the mink and blue fox, whereas, in the raccoon dog, other pathways appear to be more important. In mink, the elimination of ethyl benzoate did not differ from that of sodium benzoate. Because glycine conjugation is the primary route of benzoate elimination, it is recommended that benzoate content in fur animal feeds should not exceed 1 g/kg feed on an as-fed basis. 相似文献
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为研究从北极狐病料样品中分离的一株强毒的致病性,本实验采用病例复制、RT-PCR检测、间接免疫荧光检测(IFA)和电镜观察等方法证实分离得到犬瘟热病毒(CDV),并命名为HBF-1。对该分离株H基因的核苷酸序列比对显示,HBF-1与疫苗株的同源性为91.0%～91.5%,与国内外分离株的同源性为93.5%～99.9%。病毒传代培育试验结果显示HBF-1已适应在北极狐、貉、水貂和犬体内繁殖,具有较广的感染范围。但各种动物的临床症状和剖检病理变化存在不同程度的差异,表明HBF-1分离株对北极狐、貉、水貂和犬的致病力不同;毒力测定结果显示其半数感染量分别为102.46 ID50/mL、102.95 ID50/mL、102.46 ID50/mL和102.58 ID50/mL,表明HBF-1为一株CDV强毒株,可以在不同的经济动物间进行水平传播。本研究结果为开发新的CDV疫苗提供了实验基础。 相似文献
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为了解贵阳市某养殖场J亚群禽白血病病毒(Avian leukosis virus,ALV)gp85基因的变异情况及粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis,EF)毒力基因的携带情况,本研究对该养殖场ALV与粪肠球菌混合感染的病例展开了病原学调查分析,采集病料进行病毒核酸检测、gp85基因克隆测序分析、核苷酸序列相似性分析、细菌分离鉴定、毒力基因检测等。结果显示,成功克隆出ALV gp85基因并分离鉴定出1株粪肠球菌,分别命名为GZM52021株和GZEF2021株。ALV核酸检测仅在约422 bp处出现特异性扩增条带,说明存在ALV-J感染;成功克隆ALV gp85基因,且GZM52021株与J亚群参考毒株gp85基因(GenBank登录号为KM655820、KF796654、JN378888和Z46390)的相似性较高,在97.9%~98.2%之间;gp85基因核苷酸序列遗传进化树构建结果与相似性结果一致。GZEF2021株在LB 固体平板上长出圆形凸起、不透明的乳白色菌落,在鲜血琼脂平板上有明显的溶血现象,革兰氏染色镜检为球形或卵圆形阳性链状球菌;16S rRNA测序结果显示,GZEF2021株与粪肠球菌(GenBank登录号为KJ626240、MT611693、KY399248、MH919370、MN379663和KU937389)的相似性均在99%以上;药敏试验结果显示,GZEF2021株对头孢哌酮、青霉素、哌拉西林和羧苄西林4种药物敏感,对复方新诺明、头孢拉定、头孢唑啉3种药物中度敏感,对新霉素、丁胺卡那、多西环素和米诺环素4种药物耐药;毒力基因检测显示,GZEF2021株携带有ace、gelE、asa1、EF3314和efaA 5个毒力基因,说明从鸡中分离出的粪肠球菌可能具有一定的致病性。该病死鸡存在J亚群ALV与粪肠球菌共同感染的情况,本试验结果可为了解J亚群ALV和粪肠球菌在贵州的流行趋势及其混合感染的诊治提供一定的参考资料。 相似文献
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为探究从四川某动物园1例病死浣熊肝脏中分离到的1株细菌的特性和耐药程度,本试验采用病原分离、革兰氏染色、生化鉴定、16S rRNA测序、致病性试验、药敏纸片扩散法及耐药基因扩增的方法对该分离株进行了形态学及生化鉴定、致病能力和耐药程度分析。结果显示,分离株在普通LB培养基上呈现表面光滑、圆形凸起、边缘整齐、针尖大小的半透明菌落。经革兰氏染色在油镜下观察到蓝紫色球菌,测序结果与GenBank登录号为KY003107.1粪肠球菌（Enterococcus faecalis）的同源性高达99.5%,形态学与生化鉴定特性与粪肠球菌特性相符。致病性试验表明,该菌可导致肝细胞肿胀、变性,具有一定的致病能力;药敏纸片和耐药基因扩增试验表明,该菌对14种常见的抗生素头孢西丁、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟、氨苄西林、卡那霉素、链霉素、奈替米星、丁胺卡那、阿奇霉素、红霉素、多西环素、四环素耐药,仅对万古霉素和庆大霉素中度敏感。四环素耐药基因tetC检测为阳性;tetM、tetA检测为阴性,氨基糖苷类耐药基因aac （6'）/aph（2″）检测为阳性,aph（3'）-Ⅲ、ant（6）-Ⅰ检测为阴性;大环内酯类耐药基因ermB检测为阳性,ermA、ermC检测为阴性;万古霉素耐药基因vanA、vanB和β-内酰胺类耐药基因TEM检测均为阴性。该试验从浣熊肝脏分离的粪肠球菌表现出多重耐药特性并具有一定的致病能力,结果可为动物园临床肠球菌感染的病例提供一定的药物选择参考,制定合理的感染防治方案。 相似文献