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为了解湖北省鸡源沙门菌的血清型分布及耐药性规律,对分离的56株鸡源沙门菌进行了血清型鉴定。结果显示:鸡白痢沙门菌所占比例最高(62.5%),为优势血清型;肠炎沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌所占比例也较高,分别为16.1%、10.7%。采用纸片扩散(K-B)法检测分离菌株对15种药物的敏感性,56株鸡源沙门菌对呋喃妥因均敏感,对磺胺异恶唑和阿莫西林表现为较高的耐药性(大于80%),对其他12种抗菌药物表现出不同程度的耐药性(14.3%~75%);同时多重耐药现象严重,三重以上耐药菌株占分离菌株的96.4%,其中5耐最为严重,占28.5%。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2015,(9)
为了解市售鲜鸡肉中污染的与临床病鸡感染的沙门菌在血清型与耐药性的差异,对2012-2014年间自南宁市售鲜生鸡肉和同期送检病鸡中分离到的沙门菌进行了血清型分析以及耐药性的比较。结果显示,32株鸡肉源性沙门菌的血清型分布广泛,包括有德比、纽兰和阿贡纳沙门菌等16种血清型;39株病鸡源性沙门菌的血清型则较为单一,只有鸡白痢、鼠伤寒和鸡伤寒沙门菌3种血清型;两种来源的沙门菌均对四环素、复方新诺明、甲氧苄啶,氨苄西林及阿莫西林有较高的耐药性;另外,病鸡源性分离株中多重耐药菌株的比例(89.7%)比鸡肉源性的(56.2%)高。本研究表明,南宁市售鲜生鸡肉与病鸡中的沙门菌分离株在血清型来源上完全不同,提示市售鸡肉中污染的食源性沙门菌并非来自饲养阶段的患病鸡;病鸡源性沙门菌的耐药情况较鸡肉源性沙门菌的更为严重。 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2015,(11)
为了解银川地区鸡源沙门菌的耐药性及优势血清型,采用药敏纸片扩散法测定了69株鸡源沙门菌对常用12种抗菌药物的耐药率,同时采用玻板凝集法对沙门菌进行了血清型鉴定。结果显示,所有菌株对12种抗菌药物均产生了不同程度的耐药性,其中对萘啶酸、复方新诺明、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉的耐药率较高;对美洛培南、环丙沙星的耐药菌株比率较低;多重耐药情况比较严重,部分菌株同时具有对12种抗菌药物的耐药性,具有5重耐药能力的菌株占21.74%。分离到的菌株中主要血清型为鸡白痢沙门菌(S.gallinarum),其次为鼠伤寒沙门菌(S.typhimurium)和伤寒沙门菌(S.typhi)。 相似文献
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禽沙门菌病是由沙门氏菌属中的任何一个或多个成员引起禽类的一大群急性或慢性疾病。目前有2 500多个血清型,也是家禽最为重要的蛋传细菌病之一。在所有动物中,最常报道的沙门氏菌(鸡白痢沙门菌、禽伤寒沙门菌、副伤寒沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌)绝大部分来源于家禽和禽产品,其中诱发禽副伤寒的沙门菌能广泛感染各种动物和人类。本文通过血清学方法对上海部分鸡场禽沙门菌的抗体情况进行了检测分析。 相似文献
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河南省鸡源沙门菌新近流行株的分离鉴定及其耐药性分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
旨在了解河南省鸡沙门菌临床分离株血清型分布及药物敏感情况。从河南省各地区养鸡场共采集了沙门菌可疑病料617份,按常规方法进行分离,经生化、PCR及血清型鉴定,共分离出98株鸡源沙门菌,其中血清型定型82株,主要为肠炎沙门菌(62.24%)、鸡白痢沙门菌(18.37%)。进一步Kindy-Bauer(KB)法检测分离菌株对22种药物敏感性表明,所有分离菌株对多粘菌素B、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、萘啶酸较为敏感,对阿齐霉素和氨苄西林耐药率在60.00%～70.00%之间,对红霉素和青霉素表现为极高的耐药性,耐药率高达100.00%。三重以上耐药菌株高达96.94%,七耐以上的菌株为56.12%,耐药最多的菌株可耐18种抗生素。由此可见,河南省禽类沙门菌的感染流行主要以肠炎沙门菌和鸡白痢沙门菌为主,多重耐药十分严重,严重影响了禽类沙门菌病的诊治与预防。 相似文献
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为了探明华中地区种鸡场沙门菌(Salmonella)的优势血清型和耐药情况,本研究从湖北、河南、湖南等省市22个规模化鸡场采集病鸡、死胚及弱雏组织样品3 724份,通过分离培养、生化试验、PCR鉴定及血清型试验确定分离菌种属及其血清型,并采用Kirby-Bauer法对分离菌株进行了耐药性分析。结果显示,本试验从3 724份病料中共分离鉴定出124株沙门菌,其中79株为D群肠炎沙门菌(63.71%,79/124),34株为D群鸡白痢沙门菌(27.42%,34/124),8株为B群鼠伤寒沙门菌(6.45%,8/124),有3株沙门菌未能确定血清型。O抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌和34株鸡白痢沙门菌为O9,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为O4。H抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌为Hg,m,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为Hi。药敏试验结果显示,124株分离菌株对萘啶酸、氨苄青霉素、四环素和多西环素耐药率分别为95.97%(119/124)、91.94%(114/124)、57.26%(71/124)和70.16%(87/124);对复方新诺明和红霉素耐药率分别为25.81%(32/124)和12.10%(15/124);对氯霉素、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟和卡那霉素耐药率分别为6.45%(8/124)、1.61%(2/124)、1.61%(2/124)和0.81%(1/124);对左氧氟沙星、阿米卡星和多黏菌素B完全敏感。99.19%(123/124)的分离株至少对一种药物耐药,87.10%(108/124)的分离株表现多重耐药。本研究为华中地区养鸡场沙门菌的诊断及防控提供了数据支撑。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医》2019,(3)
为了探明华中地区种鸡场沙门菌(Salmonella)的优势血清型和耐药情况,本研究从湖北、河南、湖南等省市22个规模化鸡场采集病鸡、死胚及弱雏组织样品3 724份,通过分离培养、生化试验、PCR鉴定及血清型试验确定分离菌种属及其血清型,并采用Kirby-Bauer法对分离菌株进行了耐药性分析。结果显示,本试验从3 724份病料中共分离鉴定出124株沙门菌,其中79株为D群肠炎沙门菌(63.71%,79/124),34株为D群鸡白痢沙门菌(27.42%,34/124),8株为B群鼠伤寒沙门菌(6.45%,8/124),有3株沙门菌未能确定血清型。O抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌和34株鸡白痢沙门菌为O9,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为O4。H抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌为Hg,m,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为Hi。药敏试验结果显示,124株分离菌株对萘啶酸、氨苄青霉素、四环素和多西环素耐药率分别为95.97%(119/124)、91.94%(114/124)、57.26%(71/124)和70.16%(87/124);对复方新诺明和红霉素耐药率分别为25.81%(32/124)和12.10%(15/124);对氯霉素、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟和卡那霉素耐药率分别为6.45%(8/124)、1.61%(2/124)、1.61%(2/124)和0.81%(1/124);对左氧氟沙星、阿米卡星和多黏菌素B完全敏感。99.19%(123/124)的分离株至少对一种药物耐药,87.10%(108/124)的分离株表现多重耐药。本研究为华中地区养鸡场沙门菌的诊断及防控提供了数据支撑。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(2)
为调查我国部分地区规模化蛋鸡场沙门菌生物被膜(BF)与耐药的相关性,2014~2015年从四川、云南、湖北、辽宁、天津、安徽六省规模化蛋鸡养殖场送检的病死鸡分离鉴定出40株沙门菌。玻片凝集法显示分离株包括6种血清型,其中以鼠伤寒沙门菌为主。结晶紫染色法检测生物被膜结果表明,15%(6/40)菌株形成强生物被膜;52.5%(21/40)菌株形成中强生物被膜;32.5%(13/40)菌株不形成生物被膜。K-B纸片法进行药敏试验的结果显示,产BF的27个沙门菌分离株对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、恩诺沙星、复方新诺明、多西环素、四环素、链霉素、氨苄西林和青霉素9种药物均为多重耐药,耐药率100%,其中对多黏菌素B和头孢噻肟的敏感性显著降低。不产BF的13株沙门菌对以上受试抗生素药物均敏感,耐药率为0。结果表明蛋鸡沙门菌生物被膜与耐药存在相关性。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2019,(8)
分析不同血清型/生物型沙门菌全基因组序列筛选出鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌特异性基因组序列,设计两对引物,建立双重PCR方法鉴别检测鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌不同生物型,并进行初步的临床应用。双重PCR方法结果显示,鸡白痢沙门菌显示417 bp条带,鸡伤寒沙门菌显示417 bp和636 bp两个条带,而阴性对照未出现条带,与预期设计相符。双重PCR体系对56株不同血清型沙门菌鉴定结果与细菌学分离的血清型鉴定结果完全一致,说明本试验建立的双重PCR体系特异性良好,应用上述方法检测鸡场疑似20份临床样本,结果发现8株鸡白痢沙门菌阳性,1株鸡伤寒沙门菌阳性。上述结果表明,已建立双重PCR方法特异性检测鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌。本试验为鸡白痢和鸡伤寒不同生物型沙门菌的检测提供了一种简洁、敏感、特异的新方法。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献