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1.
奶牛新孢子虫病PCR检测方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
根据已发表的新孢子虫（N.caninum）Nc-5基因序列设计合成了1对特异性引物,建立了检测新孢子虫PCR方法。从新孢子虫ELISA检测抗体阳性奶牛血液中提取DNA,用PCR方法对新孢子虫基因组DNA进行扩增,并对扩增产物进行克隆及序列测定,证明其可靠性。结果显示,扩增的目的片段大小为350bp,扩增产物经MspⅠ酶切为218bp和132bp2条片段,与预期结果一致;序列分析表明,本试验扩增的Nc-5基因片段与GenBank发表的其他新孢子虫Nc-5基因序列同源性为99.6%～95.4%;通过敏感性、特异性、重复性试验证明,该方法具有特异、灵敏、快速、准确、可靠的优点。  相似文献   

2.
吉林株犬新孢子虫的分离与鉴定   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
将疑似感染犬新孢子虫而流产的牛胎儿脑组织接种于Vero细胞进行体外培养,同时感染长爪沙鼠进行动物试验.提取牛流产胎儿脑组织DNA、沙鼠脑组织DNA、细胞培养虫体DNA,用犬新孢子虫特异性引物进行PCR扩增.结果显示,PCR扩增出了1条约为681 bp的目的条带;测序结果表明,扩增出的特异性目的基因序列与GenBank中发表的犬新孢子虫NcSAG1基因(AF113004)核苷酸序列的同源性为99.4%.结果表明,在吉林省牛流产胎儿脑组织中分离出犬新孢子虫.  相似文献   

3.
根据GenBank已发表的弓形虫529-bp重复序列(AF146527)设计巢式PCR引物,建立巢式PCR检测方法.结果表明,该方法能扩增出427 bp的片段,敏感性试验表明该方法可以检测出0.1 pg的弓形虫基因组DNA,敏感性是常规PCR的100倍.巢式PCR方法对蜥蜴利什曼原虫、隐孢子虫、细粒棘球绦虫基因组扩增无条带,特异性强.样品检测符合率达100％.巢式PCR方法的建立为弓形虫病的诊断及流行病学调查提供技术支持.  相似文献   

4.
基于Nc-5基因的新孢子虫病PCR诊断方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
根据GenBank上登录的犬新孢子虫Nc-5基因序列(AF061249),利用Primer Premier 5.0软件设计1对特异性引物,以牛源犬新孢子虫吉林株DNA为模板建立了PCR诊断方法。结果显示:建立的PCR方法扩增片段大小为608 bp,克隆基因测得序列与美国株(AF061249)同源性为99%;该方法扩增不出弓形虫、牛瑟氏泰勒虫等基因片段;扩增样本DNA含量为26.5 fg,具有较好的特异性和敏感性;应用建立的PCR方法与环介导等温扩增(LAMP)进行比较,其阳性符合率达100%。说明建立的PCR诊断方法具有特异、敏感、快速等优点,完全适用于新孢子虫病的诊断。  相似文献   

5.
为快速检测并准确鉴别奶牛隐孢子虫种,以隐孢子虫18S rRNA基因的特殊区域为基础,设计内、外引物,并根据软件分析确定相应的内切酶EcoT141,采用Nested PCR-RFLP方法进行虫种种型鉴别分析。在Nested PCR两次PCR反应中,以微小隐孢子虫（Cryptos poridium parvum,C．p）和安氏隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium andersoni,C．an）卵囊提取的DNA为模板,均能扩增出长约800bp和500bp的明亮条带,且特异性强,其他虫种不能扩增出条带,该方法最低可检测到5个卵囊／g粪便;对于由内引物扩增出的500bp的条带,C.an的PCR产物能被内切酶EcoT141酶切,酶切后的片段分别为416bp和92bp,C.p的PCR产物不能被此酶酶切。用所建立的Nested PCR-RFLP法对上海奶牛389头和进口奶牛200头的共计589份粪样进行检测,Nested PCR的结果表明上海奶牛和进口奶牛的隐孢子虫阳性率分别为19．02％和3．5％,RFLP的结果表明上海奶牛感染的主要是Cp和C．an,进口奶牛感染的主要是C．p。研究结果表明,本研究建立的检测奶牛粪便中的隐孢子虫的NestedPCR-RFLP法,可用于奶牛隐孢子虫流行病学调查并有效鉴别奶牛隐孢子虫种。  相似文献   

6.
PCR检测猪弓形虫病方法的建立   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
为了探索以p30基因的部分序列作为模板进行猪弓形虫病PCR检测的最佳条件,根据弓形虫p30基因序列设计引物进行PCR扩增,结果出现预期的扩增片段484bp,该PCR方法最低能检测到5个弓形虫速殖子的DNA,且与相关的2种寄生虫无交叉反应,具有高度的敏感性和特异性。  相似文献   

7.
安氏隐孢子虫PCR检测方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  
经BLAST检索,以HSP70基因设计一对引物(5'-CAATCGAATTGGATTCTTTGTC-3'和5'-CACCTTCAAAT-ACTTGAATAAGT-3')对奶牛安氏隐孢子虫进行了PCR试验.结果显示所建立的PCR检测方法只能特异扩增隐孢子虫GD株DNA,而对照样本如微小隐孢子虫、弓形虫、圆孢子虫、纤毛虫、肝片吸虫、血矛线虫、莫尼茨绦虫、牛粪便以及大肠杆菌均为阴性;通过对6个浓度梯度的虫体DNA进行PCR反应,结果表明当样本中含有445个隐孢子虫卵囊的DNA时,即可扩增产生清晰可辩的条带.测得该序列长度为494bp,序列分析为牛型C.andersoni.表明该引物能特异扩增C.andersoni,敏感性较高,适合于奶牛安氏隐孢子虫的检测.  相似文献   

8.
本试验根据GenBank上登录的牛瑟氏泰勒虫ITS基因序列(AY661522.1),应用Primer Premier 5.0和Oligo 6.31软件设计合成1对特异性引物,以牛瑟氏泰勒虫DNA为模板,建立了牛瑟氏泰勒虫ITS基因PCR诊断方法。该方法扩增片段大小为1020 bp,与参考序列的同源性为98%;建立的PCR方法与猪附红细胞体、犬新孢子虫和弓形虫均无交叉反应,最低DNA检出量为1.5 pg/μL;通过对60份临床样品的检测,并与血涂片方法进行比较,结果显示PCR方法具有特异、敏感等特点,适用于牛瑟氏泰勒虫的检测。  相似文献   

9.
根据新孢子虫Nc2基因保守区设计特异性引物,应用均匀设计法优化反应中Taq DNA聚合酶、引物浓度和退火温度等,建立新孢子虫二温式PCR检测方法。结果显示,扩增条带与预期目的片段大小(266bp)相符,未扩增出弓形虫等虫种的阳性DNA片段;扩增片段经克隆、测序发现与引物基因序列的同源性为100%;最低检出量为32.5fg/μL,是三步法PCR的10-1倍,但循环时间缩短了38min;重复3次对10-4、10-5、10-6和10-7稀释的阳性质粒进行二温扩增,10-7稀释均未出现扩增条带。同时对156份牛全血DNA进行检测,检出率为10.90%(17/156),与《新孢子虫病检疫技术规范》(SN/T 3499—2013)的检出符合率为83.33%(30/36),二者检测结果差异性不显著(P0.05)。由此可见,建立的二温式PCR检测方法可用于临床诊断和日常监测新孢子虫,为监控"带虫宿主"提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

10.
为了建立区分检测牛新孢子虫病和弓形虫病的双重PCR方法,本研究以已发表的牛新孢子虫Nc-5基因和弓形虫GRA6基因分别作为目的基因,各设计一对引物,可分别扩增出222bp和124bp的目的条带。经优化反应条件,建立了可同时检测牛新孢子虫病和弓形虫病的双重PCR方法。该方法对上述两种基因的检测灵敏度均为103copies/反应,只比单PCR的灵敏度低10倍,且具有较好的特异性和重复性。经临床应用验证,该方法可用来对新孢子虫病和弓形虫病进行同步快速检测。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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