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高纤维日粮在动物产生饱腹感上的价值早已得到认可。然而在仔猪生长期和哺乳期等营养需求高的阶段,添加纤维会降低营养浓度,抑制动物生长。日粮纤维可以改善肠道微生物菌群,减少抗生素需求和氮排放,从而降低猪生产的环保成本。阐述了饲喂高纤维日粮对猪各阶段生产性能的影响,重点是评估日粮纤维在提高猪繁殖性能上的作用以及可能的影响机制。 相似文献
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籽粒苋秆粉饲喂鹅效果的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本试验采用单因子试验设计 ,以吉林农业大学白鹅为试验动物 ,研究了籽粒苋秆粉与常规玉米秸粉对鹅生长性能的影响。试验结果表明 :适量添加籽粒苋秆粉有助于提高鹅的生长性能。在 3～ 6周龄日粮中粗纤维含量在 5 % ,7～ 9周龄日粮中粗纤维含量在 7%时可提高鹅的日增重 ,籽粒苋秆粉对鹅增重的效果显著 ,全期体重比对照组增加了 8 44%。 相似文献
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玉米是我国最主要的当家粮饲兼用作物,种植面积很大,在农牧业生产中占有举足轻重的地位。籽粒苋为苋科苋属一年生人工栽培饲料作物,它适应性广、抗逆性强、生长快、高产优质,粮、草、菜兼用,用途广泛。籽粒苋营养丰富,尤其以蛋白质、赖氨酸含量高而著称,并富含钙、铁等多种微量元素和维生素。海外一些学者把它称作是改善现代食物最理想的营养品,它被看作是一种可解决世界上饥饿问题极有发展前景的作物,印度 相似文献
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籽粒苋茎叶蛋白质含量高,且富含多种氨基酸、维生素和矿物质微量元素,茎叶柔软多汁,适口性较好,是一种优质牧草,可作为猪的一种节粮型饲料原料进行饲喂。为更好对籽粒苋进行推广应用,本文对籽粒苋的饲用价值和在猪生产中的应用情况进行了阐述,并特别指出了籽粒苋在养猪生产中应用存在的问题:籽粒苋的推广应用程度低、籽粒苋的适宜添加量有待研究、籽粒苋品质鉴定体系有待建立、籽粒苋营养物质消化率有待验证、籽粒苋抗营养因子有待消除,以供专家进一步研究。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2015,(Z1)
高能日粮可以提高动物的生产性能、胴体品质和多数市场下的经济回报。谷物饲料经适当加工后,可以为肉牛提供更多的可消化淀粉,成为最经济的能量来源。日粮能量是动物生产性能的主要营养驱动力,因此典型高谷物日粮的有效利用使得动物的单位增重成本最低。油脂是不能在瘤胃中发酵的高能饲料,它可以提高日粮能量密度,但不会导致类似于饲喂高淀粉日粮带来的消化风险。如果情况允许,也可以考虑其他能量副产品。比较多种饲料的营养价值时,如果单纯的比较饲料能量含量差异(如比例、百分比的差异),往往会低估它们经济价值的差异。最好的方法是基于它们在生产性能和增重成本方面的潜在影响进行评估。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献