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为定量估计我国2000年以来猪旋毛虫感染情况,检索中英文数据库,筛选整理猪旋毛虫流行情况相关文献,并提取数据进行定量分析。共入选28篇文献,涉及全国9个省份。结果显示：采用ELISA法共检测124 088份样品,阳性率为2.54%（95%CI：1.55%~3.57%）;压片镜检法共检测130 267份样品,阳性率为0.17%（95%CI：0.06%~0.34%）。2000年以来猪旋毛虫检出率逐渐降低,华南和西北地区检出率较高,农村饲养生猪检出率略高于商品场,农贸市场猪肉样品中也有检出。结果表明,我国猪群旋毛虫感染率较低,且呈下降趋势,但分布范围仍较广,有感染猪肉进入流通环节的风险,提示该病原对公众尤其是农村地区群众的健康仍造成威胁。建议对现有检测方法进行评价,同时加强对农村地区生猪屠宰的检疫和监管。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(12)
为了解内蒙古东部地区旋毛虫病流行情况和寻找新虫株,采集内蒙古东部呼伦贝尔市、赤峰市、通辽市、兴安盟、锡林郭勒盟五个地区犬血清样品1 000份、膈肌样品1 000份和猪血清样品20 000份、膈肌样品20 000份,经ELISA法、压片法和集样消化法进行检测和分析。结果表明:五个地区犬血清总抗体阳性率为6.8%(68/1 000),最高的是兴安盟,为14.0%(28/200),最低的是锡林郭勒盟和呼伦贝尔市,为2.5%(5/200),二者差异显著(P0.05);镜检在通辽市和兴安盟的犬膈肌样品中各检测到1份旋毛虫感染病料。五个地区屠宰猪血清总阳性率为0.500%(100/20 000),最高为兴安盟0.775%(31/4 000),最低为锡林郭勒盟0.275%(11/4 000),二者差异不显著(P0.05);镜检发现兴安盟的猪膈肌样品中有1份旋毛虫感染病料。说明内蒙古东部区猪旋毛虫病血清抗体阳性率相对较低,犬旋毛虫病血清抗体阳性率相对较高。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2016,(8)
为了解东莞市猪旋毛虫的感染情况,2015年在东莞市15个镇(街)屠宰场采集225份血清,应用ELISA方法进行旋毛虫检测,结果在一个屠宰场中检出一份猪旋毛虫抗体阳性,阳性率为0.44%,结果表明东莞市屠宰场的猪可能存在猪旋毛虫的感染,建议采取综合防控措施防止人感染猪旋毛虫。 相似文献
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广西是旋毛虫感染较严重的老疫区。据统计，1988—1989年广西采用压片镜检法检查屠宰猪1395头，检出阳性56头，阳性率为4．01%。为了全面了解崇左市屠宰生猪的旋毛虫感染情况，及时制订旋毛虫病的防制措施，2002年8月至2004年11月，我们采用ELISA法对全市7个县（市、区）的主要屠宰场进行了猪旋毛虫病普查。 相似文献
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《中国动物传染病学报》2016,(6)
为了解我国重庆市、广州市和上海市3个典型城市屠宰环节和销售环节猪肉中弓形虫的携带情况,在这3个城市共采集猪膈肌样品393份,分别进行胃蛋白酶消化并提取基因组DNA,以弓形虫529 bp重复序列为目的基因,进行PCR扩增。结果显示,3个城市猪膈肌肉中弓形虫的阳性率为5.34%,其中重庆市的阳性率最高,达9.83%;其次是上海市,为3.17%;而广州市则未检出阳性样品。夏季和秋季间、屠宰环节和销售环节间的阳性率差异均不具备显著统计学意义。本研究结果为减少弓形虫对上述地区人群的危害,预防和控制弓形虫病流行,指导猪群的饲养管理以及提高畜牧业经济效益提供了有益指导。 相似文献
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《中国动物传染病学报》2018,(5)
弓形虫病是一种分布广泛、危害严重的人兽共患寄生虫病。为了比较不同试剂盒提取猪肉中弓形虫DNA的效率和质量及对弓形虫PCR检测的影响,本试验采用6种商品化基因组DNA提取试剂盒,对添加了不同数量弓形虫速殖子的猪膈肌样品进行DNA提取,作为模板,进行PCR检测,观察不同试剂盒提取DNA的扩增效果。结果显示,EZNA Tissue DNA Kit、TIANamp Genomic DNA Kit和FastDNA Spin Kit for Soil三种方法对含有1×101个以上数量速殖子的猪膈肌样品提取的DNA,均能被检测为阳性;TIANamp Genomic DNA Kit提取的DNA作为模板进行PCR检测,其扩增特异性良好。利用TIANamp Genomic DNA Kit对126份上海屠宰场采集的猪膈肌样品进行DNA提取,作为模板进行PCR检测,结果阳性率为3.97%(5/126),表明TIANamp Genomic DNA Kit提取猪肉中携带的弓形虫DNA具有高效、稳定、价廉的优点,适合田间猪肉中携带弓形虫的调查研究应用。 相似文献
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目的了解同仁县隆务镇猪肉旋毛虫感染情况。方法采集市场销售的猪肉膈肌脚393份，常规压片镜检，计数包囊。结果在检测的样品中，阳性18份，猪旋毛虫感染率为4．58％。结论同仁县隆务镇猪肉旋毛虫感染率较高，需要立即加强猪旋毛虫病防治工作。 相似文献
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Krizsan SJ Nyholm L Nousiainen J Südekum KH Huhtanen P 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(9):3162-3173
The objective of this study was to compare the application of different in vitro and in situ methods in empirical and mechanistic predictions of in vivo OM digestibility (OMD) and their associations to near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy spectra for a variety of forages. Apparent in vivo OMD of silages made from alfalfa (n = 2), corn (n = 9), corn stover (n = 2), grass (n = 11), whole crops of wheat and barley (n = 8) and red clover (n = 7), and fresh alfalfa (n = 1), grass hays (n = 5), and wheat straws (n = 5) had previously been determined in sheep. Concentrations of indigestible NDF (iNDF) in all forage samples were determined by a 288-h ruminal in situ incubation. Gas production of isolated forage NDF was measured by in vitro incubations for 72 h. In vitro pepsin-cellulase OM solubility (OMS) of the forages was determined by a 2-step gravimetric digestion method. Samples were also subjected to a 2-step determination of in vitro OMD based on buffered rumen fluid and pepsin. Further, rumen fluid digestible OM was determined from a single 96-h incubation at 38°C. Digestibility of OM from the in situ and the in vitro incubations was calculated according to published empirical equations, which were either forage specific or general (1 equation for all forages) within method. Indigestible NDF was also used in a mechanistic model to predict OMD. Predictions of OMD were evaluated by residual analysis using the GLM procedure in SAS. In vitro OMS in a general prediction equation of OMD did not display a significant forage-type effect on the residuals (observed - predicted OMD; P = 0.10). Predictions of OMD within forage types were consistent between iNDF and the 2-step in vitro method based on rumen fluid. Root mean square error of OMD was least (0.032) when the prediction was based on a general forage equation of OMS. However, regenerating a simple regression for iNDF by omitting alfalfa and wheat straw reduced the root mean square error of OMD to 0.025. Indigestible NDF in a general forage equation predicted OMD without any bias (P ≥ 0.16), and root mean square error of prediction was smallest among all methods when alfalfa and wheat straw samples were excluded. Our study suggests that compared with the in vitro laboratory methods, iNDF used in forage-specific equations will improve overall predictions of forage in vivo OMD. The in vitro and in situ methods performed equally well in calibrations of iNDF or OMD by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. 相似文献
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大庆市羊东毕吸虫病流行病学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对大庆市羊东毕吸虫病的流行病学进行了调查研究。结果表明，大庆有3种东毕吸虫，即程氏东毕吸虫（O.cheni)、土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫（O.turkestanica)和土耳斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种（O.turkestanican var.thuberculata)；中间宿主螺类有1种，即卵萝卜螺；东毕吸虫病在大庆分布很广，所调查的4区2县均有发生，羊东毕吸虫平均感染率分别为50．33％，平均死亡率为21．12％，大庆羊急性病例发病时间为8月上旬至10月下旬，慢性病例为11月上旬至翌年2月中旬。 相似文献
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中国圈养野生动物疫苗使用调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年对中国动物园协会单位中的18家动物园饲养野生动物疫苗免疫情况进行调查。受调查动物园在野生动物疫苗使用和动物种类方面具有一定的代表性。调查结果显示动物园动物现共使用18类36种疫苗,预防31种疫病。其中哺乳动物使用14类24种疫苗,预防24种疫病;禽类使用4类12种疫苗,预防7种疫病。使用范围最广的有禽流感、犬瘟热疫苗等、新城疫疫苗、猫瘟热疫苗等。共有24目58科动物接种疫苗,其中食肉动物类1目8科,食草动物类3目9科,杂食动物类2目3科,禽类18目38科。研究结果提示应加强动物园之间疫病信息交流、防疫资源的利用、疫病监测和研究,加大对动物园动物疫病的研究投入,逐步建立动物园动物统一的防疫规程。 相似文献
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猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂病病毒(Pseudorabies virus PRV)引起的急性传染病。其特征是成年猪常为隐性感染，可有流产、死胎、呼吸系统症状，新生仔猪除神经症状外还可侵害消化系统，并伴大批死亡。本病已经给全世界的养猪业造成严重的损失，我国许多地区已报道该病。为进一步探讨该病的控制、净化措施，我们对12个养猪场共856分血清采用美国嗍公司的ELISA试剂盒进行了抗体检测。 相似文献
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W A Vestre 《Modern veterinary practice》1984,65(2):93-97
In 5 cases of glaucoma (2 from trauma, 2 from narrowed drainage angles, 1 secondary to lens extraction), cyclocryotherapy was used to control intraocular pressure. In all cases the intraocular pressure decreased, with the usual result being a cosmetic and painless but blind eye. 相似文献
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Information gathered from cases of fowl cholera (FC) in commercial turkey flocks through case records, flock records, and telephone and mail surveys was used to estimate disease costs. The cost to the Georgia commercial turkey industry in 1986 from preventive measures, treatment of outbreaks, and production losses from the disease was estimated at $634,545. The cost of FC per kg of live production was estimated to be $0.015. 相似文献
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Occurrence of MRSA in pigs and in humans involved in pig production--preliminary results of a study in the northwest of Germany 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Meemken D Cuny C Witte W Eichler U Staudt R Blaha T 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2008,115(4):132-139
In 2007, 678 pigs of all age groups out of 347 different farms from Lower Saxony and Northrhine-Westphalia and 86 persons occupationally exposed to pigs were investigated for their nasal colonisation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus areus (MRSA) by the Field Station for Epidemiology of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover and the Robert Koch-Institute. At the individual animal level, a frequency of positive results of 13% (n = 85 positive animals) and at the herd level, a frequency of positive results of 18% (n = 62 positive herds) were found. All isolates were assigned to the Multilocus Sequence Typing Type ST398. Within MRSA-positive herds, there were more MRSA-negative than MRSA-positive animals. Among the occupationally exposed persons (veterinarians, laboratory personnel and meat inspection personnel), 20 persons (23%) showed a nasal colonisation with MRSA ST398. A quite strong association between the intensity of the contact to pigs with the frequency of nasal colonisation in the occupationally exposed persons was detected. None of the animals or the humans nasally colonised by MRSA ST398 showed any clinical symptoms of a staphylococcal infection. Conclusions are drawn on the herd and intra-herd prevalence of the nasal colonisation of pigs with MRSA ST398 in pigs, but especially on which questions need to be addressed by further research. 相似文献
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为了解西藏拉萨市家禽禽流感抗体水平,2017年8月随机选择免疫过H5禽流感疫苗的8个规模养殖场、2个散养户、3个活禽交易市场,共13个群体,采集1 041份家禽血清样品进行H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感HI抗体检测。结果显示：H5亚型禽流感免疫抗体合格率为45.73%,H7、H9亚型抗体阳性率分别为21.13%、52.64%;养殖场、散养户和活禽交易市场的不同亚型抗体水平存在较大差异,规模化养殖场的H7亚型抗体阳性率最高（29.92%）,活禽市场的H5、H9亚型阳性率最高（78.16%、79.31%）,散养户的所有亚型抗体阳性率均最低。结果表明,拉萨市H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫效果较差,特别是散养户,疫病发生风险较高,H7、H9亚型疑似自然感染率较高,应进一步查明原因,及时采取相应的措施,防止疫情发生。 相似文献
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N. Hawa D. G. Rae S. Younis W. Mahadi R. Ibrahim W. Al-Wahab 《Tropical animal health and production》1988,20(3):130-136
Summary Parvaquone was tested in cattle infected withTheileria annulata when they were presented at clinics in the vicinity of Baghdad. Out of over 200 cases presented with suspected theileriosis between July 1984 and July 1985, the drug was used in 45 cases where theileriosis was confirmed by microscopic examination of blood and lymph node biopsy smears. Twenty seven of the cases were considered mild and 18 cases severe. Weights of the cattle were estimated and parvaquone was administered by intramuscular injection at a nominal dose of 20 mg/kg. A single treatment with parvaquone was used in 25 cases and 20 cases were treated twice but there was no correlation between severity of disease and the number of treatments given. Twelve cases (27%) also received antibacterial therapy. All cases were in exotic cattle or cattle born from exotic (imported) cattle and 64% of the cases were in cattle under six months of age. Temperatures dropped immediately after treatment and the majority were normal (below 39.5°C) by two to three days after the first treatment. Of the 45 cases treated 43 recovered. This compares very favourably with a previously reported mortality of 66% in untreated imported cattle in Iraq.
Eficacia Del Parvaquone En El Tratamiento De La Theilerosis Natural En Ganado En Iraq
Resumen Se trató ganado infectado conTheileria annulata en forma natural con parvaquone, en clínicas veterinarias localizadas en la vecindad de Baghdad. De 200 casos admitidos con sospecha de theileriosis, entre julio 1984 y julio 1985, la droga se usó en 45 casos confirmados mediante el examen microscópico de frotis de sangre y biopsias de ganglios linfáticos. Veintisiete de los casos se consideraron moderados y 18 casos severos. Se estimaron los pesos de los animales enfermos, suministrandoles parvaquone vía intramuscular en dosis nominales de 20 mg/kg (rango 16–35 mg/kg). Se utilizó un solo tratamiento con parvaquone en 25 casos clínicos, mediante la aplicación de una sola inyección y se aplicaron dos inyecciones en 20 casos (doble tratamiento), sin que se encontrara correlación alguna entre la severidad de la enfermedad, recuperación y número de tratamientos. Doce casos (27%) recibieron también algún tratamiento antibacteriano. Todos los casos de theileriosis se presentaron en ganado exótico o nacido de ganado exótico (importado) y 64% de los casos ocurrieron en ganado bajo los seis meses de edad. La temperatura bajó inmediatamente después del tratamiento, normalizándose dos o tres días después de tratamiento (bajo 39.5°C). De los 45 casos tratados 43 se recuperaron. Se informa una mortalidad previa de 60% en ganado importado no tratado contra theileriosis en Iraq.
Efficacite De La Parvaquone Pour Le Traitement De La Theileriose Naturelle Des Bovins En Irak
Résumé La parvaquone a été essayée pour le traitement de bovins infectés parTheileria annulata lorsqu'ils étaient présentés aux cliniques des environs de Bagdad. Sur plus de 200 cas présentés pour suspicion de theilériose entre juillet 1984 et juillet 1985, le médicament a été utilisé dans 45 cas où la theilériose était confirmée par l'examen microscopique du sang et de biopsies de ganglions lymphatiques, 27 cas étaient considérés comme des atteintes modérées et 18 comme des cas graves. Les poids des animaux étaient estimés à l'oeil et la parvaquone administrée par voie intra-musculaire à la dose normale de 20 mg/kg (soit 16 à 35 mg/kg). Un traitement unique à la parvaquone a été pratiqué dans 25 cas et il a du être renouvelé dans 20 cas mais il n'y avait pas corrélation entre la gravité des symptômes et le nombre de traitements requis. Dans 12 cas (27%) une thérapie antibactérienne a également été mise en oeuvre. Tous les malades étaient des animaux importés ou issus d'animaux importés et dans 64% des cas les animaux étaient âgés de moins de 6 mois. Les températures ont chuté immédiatement après le traitement et, pour la plupart, étaient normales (moins de 39°5) deux à trois jours après le traitement—sur 45 animaux traités, 43 ont guéri. Ces résultats apparaissent très favorables par rapport à la mortalité de 66% rapportée antérieurement et affectant les bovins non traités en Irak.相似文献