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为了分析邵阳地区宠物犬源致病性大肠杆菌的血清型与耐药性,采用细菌分离鉴定的方法对38家宠物医院中无菌采集的87份腹泻宠物犬肛拭子及粪便样品进行大肠杆菌分离鉴定,采用人工感染动物试验、玻板凝集试验和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测分离菌株的致病性、血清型及耐药性。结果显示:分离得到了49株大肠杆菌,其中34株为致病性;34株致病性大肠杆菌分离株属于9种血清型,以O_2、O_9、O_(13)和O_(20)为主要的优势血清型;34株致病性大肠杆菌分离株对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、美罗培南等4种药物耐药率在82.4%～94.1%之间,对丁胺卡那、头孢他啶、恩诺沙星等6种药物的耐药率在41.2%～79.4%之间,对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟耐药率在14.7%～23.5%之间。研究结果为该地区宠物犬大肠杆菌病防治提供参考。 相似文献
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为研究鸭大肠杆菌的致病性及相关生物特性,本试验从西昌市某规模化鸭场采集病料,通过传统分离培养及理化性质鉴定,分离得到27株鸭致病性大肠杆菌。对27株鸭致病性大肠杆菌进行血清型鉴定、药敏试验、相关毒力基因检测。血清型鉴定结果显示,优势血清型为O119、O86、O126、O142和O44,占分离株55.56%。血清型O119占27株鸭致病性大肠杆菌的40.74%,为该鸭场流行的致病血清型。对20种兽医临床常用药物的药敏试验结果显示,27株鸭致病性大肠杆菌均对阿米卡星、庆大霉素和多黏菌素B敏感,对头孢曲松等10种药物较敏感,对利福平等5种药物耐受。大肠杆菌相关毒力基因检测结果显示, iutA、hlyF、Iss、IroN、ompT、fyuA、irp 2、Tsh及papA基因携带率均为100.00%, fimC基因携带率59.26%, K 99基因携带率7.40%。各项研究结果为有效防控鸭大肠杆菌病提供了重要科学依据,并为大肠杆菌深入研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(17)
为了了解山东、河北和河南等省部分地区养殖场鸡源致病性大肠杆菌的血清型及耐药性,试验采用细菌分离和生化鉴定方法对鸡大肠杆菌进行分离和鉴定,通过动物试验确定分离大肠杆菌的致病性,应用血清学方法和药敏试验对致病性大肠杆菌的血清型及耐药性进行研究。结果表明:分离鉴定的119株大肠杆菌中致病性菌株有110株,其中92株致病性菌株能够定型,分别属于15个血清型,有5株出现交叉凝集,O14、O35、O1、O2、O78、O88为优势血清型;分离鉴定的致病性大肠杆菌对环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、头孢哌酮等最敏感,对林可霉素、头孢克肟、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、红霉素的耐药率达60%以上。说明分离的致病性大肠杆菌血清型存在复杂性,对大部分临床常用药物产生了不同程度的耐药。 相似文献
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为了解四川省规模化肉牛养殖场致犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌的血清型和耐药性,试验采集四川省部分规模化肉牛养殖场腹泻犊牛的肛拭子、粪便等样品151份,采取细菌分离与鉴定,生化试验,PCR鉴定、测序与同源性分析,致病性试验等方法分离致病性大肠杆菌,并采用凝集试验和药敏纸片法分别检测致病性大肠杆菌的血清型和耐药性。结果表明:共分离到72株大肠杆菌,其中50株为致病性大肠杆菌,属于10个血清型,以O_(101)、O_(36)、O_(126)、O_(26) 4种血清型为流行的优势血清型。分离的50株致病性大肠杆菌对头孢克肟、头孢曲松、头孢他啶等的耐药率为14.0%～28.0%,对林可霉素、环丙沙星、丁胺卡那霉素等的耐药率为30.0%～64.0%,对强力霉素、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、多黏菌素等的耐药率为72.0%～96.0%。说明致犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌流行的血清型复杂,耐药现象严重,且呈现多重耐药现象。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2017,(4):95-98
为了掌握皖北地区家禽致病性大肠杆菌的优势血清型及耐药性表现,从皖北4个市8个县区32个规模化养殖场采集疑似家禽大肠杆菌病的病料64份,通过常规分离培养纯化获取31株致病性大肠杆菌,对31株致病性大肠杆菌进行血清学鉴定和耐药性分析。试验结果表明:31株致病性大肠杆菌分别属于O_(78)、O_(18)、O_(88)、O_2、O_1、O_(143)、O_4、O_(35)、和O_(141)血清型,其中O_(78)9株、O_(18)7株、O_(88)5株,共计21株,占分离株的67.74%,属于本地区的优势血清型。致病性试验结果表明,所分离的31株致病菌中,83.9%具有高致病性,12.9%具有中致病性,3.2%具有低致病性,不同血清型致病性没有明显差异。分离菌株对11种抗生素表现不同程度的耐药性,对复方磺胺甲基异噁唑、磺胺二甲嘧啶、恩诺沙星表现严重耐药,耐药比例在70%以上;对阿莫西林、链霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、氟苯尼考、环丙沙星耐药比例在16%以上;对头孢噻肟、头孢唑肟、阿米卞星耐药性比例在10%以下。其中,对4、5、6种药物表现耐药比例较高,占分离株的60%以上,对3、7、8、9耐药性居中,所有菌株均表现为多重耐药性。研究结果为皖北地区家禽大肠杆菌病的疫苗防控、药物防治提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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从陕西省关中17个县鸡场分离出532株大肠杆菌,对其中136株进行血清分型,共分出11个血清型,主要血清型是:O_2、O_(78)、O_(26)、O_(22)、O_(53)、O_1。药敏试验利高霉素、丁胺卡那霉素等10种药物对大肠杆菌敏感。选大肠杆菌分型代表菌株和重点菌株制备多价苗,用于易感鸡群,效果理想。 相似文献
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仔猪腹泻大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和药敏试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从山西省甲种猪场于使用大肠杆菌前后和乙种猪场采集仔猪腹泻病料７０份，进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和药敏试验。结果分离出符合大肠杆菌生化特性的菌株４４株，其中确定血清型的３６株，未定血清型的８株，具有致病性的１６株；４４株大肠杆菌对所用抗菌药物的敏感率不同；血清型不同的大肠杆菌药敏试验结果不同，同时同场分离的血清型相同的大肠杆菌药敏试验结果相同或相近，非同时或同场分离的血清型相同的大肠杆菌药敏结果也有所不同。 相似文献
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为了分析安徽池州地区宠物犬源致病性大肠杆菌的血清型及耐药性,使用无菌肛门拭子采集26家宠物医院腹泻宠物粪便样品63份进行细菌分离鉴定,获得了30株大肠杆菌。对分离的30株大肠杆菌用灌胃方式攻毒小鼠验证其致病性,结果显示,20株为致病性大肠杆菌。利用玻板凝集试验和K-B药敏纸片法分别测定20株致病性大肠杆菌分离株的血清型和耐药性,结果显示,20株致病性大肠杆菌分离株共有10种血清型,以O8和O13为优势血清型; 20株致病性大肠杆菌分离株均对头孢克肟、头孢曲松、恩诺沙星、丁胺卡那霉素4种药物高度敏感;对其他药物存在不同程度的耐药。本试验为该地区的宠物犬大肠杆菌病的防治提供基础。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2019,(8):1484-1489
为研究撒坝猪大肠杆菌强毒力岛(HPI)的致病性,对撒坝猪致病性大肠杆菌进行了分离和血清型鉴定,获取优势血清型,采用PCR检测HPI,进行同源性比较,并通过耐药性试验和致病性试验对分离菌株与HPI的相关性进行分析。结果显示:分离得到101株大肠杆菌,确定血清型84株,其中O_3、O_4、O_(24)为优势血清型;HPI阳性率为88.64%,与GenBank登录的参考序列同源性比较大于99.3%;氨基糖苷类药物耐药性试验结果显示分离菌株普遍耐药,而HPI阳性株耐药性强,并检出含aac(3)-Ⅱa基因12株,含有aac(6′)-Ⅰb基因21株;致病性试验表明含irp2的菌株致病性强,而具有fyuA-irp2基因簇的菌株致病性更强。结果表明:HPI对大肠杆菌的毒力有增强作用。 相似文献
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肠致病性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了给临床合理用药提供正确的指导,对江苏南京、扬州、镇江、泰州、盐城及安徽天长等地区送检的病死猪、羊、鸡、鹅等动物进行细菌分离和鉴定,调查肠致病性大肠杆菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况。结果分离出78株大肠杆菌,经过血清型鉴定,其中17株为肠致病性大肠杆菌,共属于8种血清型。通过对这17株肠致病性大肠杆菌进行耐药性分析,发现分离的肠致病性大肠杆菌对15种药物存在不同程度的耐药性。对多西环素、诺氟沙星、洛美沙星高度耐药,耐药率分别为100%、94.12%、94.12%,对头孢曲松钠、阿米卡星敏感性较高,敏感率分别为52.94%、41.18%。研究结果显示肠致病性大肠杆菌在动物感染的大肠杆菌病例中占有一定的比例,同时分离菌株的耐药性较为严重,给治疗增添了难度,因此应重视对肠致病性大肠杆菌的监测,根据药敏结果选用合适的药物进行治疗。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献