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二十世纪90年代以来,我国政府和有关部门对解决动物源性食品中兽药残留问题做了大量的工作,如制订“兽药残留标准检测方法”和“兽药最高残留限量和休药期”的标准,发布《饲料药物添加剂使用规范》,开展兽药残留监控和检测工作,打击、查处在动物生产中使用违禁药物等措施,并取得了明显的成绩,使我国动物源性食品中兽药残留的问题得到了明显的改善。但是,近年来我国动物源性食品在基本满足了数量要求以后,随着人民生活水平的提高,对食品的质量安全的要求已成为主要的问题,人民都要求吃上“放心肉”、“安全肉”,在这方面目前的现状尚有一定的… 相似文献
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孙振文 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2015,(4):11
<正>现如今食品安全问题成了全球关注的焦点,受到了人们的高度重视。兽药残留、环境污染物以及食物加工和存储污染一起影响了动物性食品的安全。兽药残留给人类以及动物造成极大的危害,为了提高动物性食品的安全,一定要采取一定的措施提高对兽药残留的控制,一定要加强对动物残留的管理。1解决兽药残留问题的紧迫性兽药残留指的是动物性食品中具有的首要母体代谢物和化合物以及和兽药相关的杂质的残留。在动物的生产过程 相似文献
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动物性食品中药物残留是指对食品动物用药后,动物产品中有原形药物或代谢产物的残留。药物残留危害巨大,已引起了世界各国政府的高度重视。我国虽已制定《动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量》以及《饲料药物添加剂使用规范》,但是兽药残留现象仍然十分严重,兽药残留事件也时有发生,严重威胁着人们的生命安全,同时严重影响我国动物性食品的出口贸易和国家的声誉。 相似文献
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动物源性食品药物残留及其控制对策 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
李凯年 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2003,19(3):3-6
1、我国动物源性食品药物残留现状 长期以来,我国处于食品特别是动物源性食品供应不足的状态,养殖业生产主要以增加动物源性食品的数量、满足市场的需求为主,对包括动物源性食品药物残留在内的食品安全问题重视不够。在对药物残留的要求、兽药的法律法规、兽药的使用和控制以及残留监控体系等方面还存在严重问题,尚未建立全国范围统一协调的兽药监控检测体系,还不能做到对动物源性食品进行全过程监管。特别是一些饲料生 相似文献
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农业部发布动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量 总被引:46,自引:2,他引:44
为加强兽药残留监控工作 ,保证动物性食品卫生安全 ,根据《兽药管理条例》规定 ,农业部组织修订了《动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量》 ,于 2 0 0 2年 1 2月 2 4日以 2 35号公告发布 ,请各地遵照执行。自公告发布之日起 ,原发布的《动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量》(农牧发 [1 999]1 7号文 )同时废止。动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量注释动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量由附录 1、附录 2、附录 3和附录 4组成。1、凡农业部批准使用的兽药 ,按质量标准、产品使用说明书规定用于食品动物 ,不需要制定最高残留限量的 ,见… 相似文献
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<正> 近日,由中国乡镇企业总公司与中国农科院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所共同研发、中国万牧新技术有限公司申报的我国首例一类新兽药"喹烯酮",经农业部审评批准,获得一类新兽药证书。长期以来,食品特别是动物性食品的安全卫生、药物残 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献