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1.
建立了饲料中齐帕特罗的液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)检测方法.液相色谱条件为Waters AntantisTM C18色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,3μm);柱温30℃;流动相为乙腈-0.2%甲酸(892,V/V);流速0.2 mL/min;进样量20μL.质谱条件为电喷雾离子源(ESI+),选择离子监测质荷比(m/z)为262、244、202、185带正电荷的准分子离子和碎片离子.齐帕特罗的线性范围为0.01～4μg/mL,最低定量检测限0.01μg/g,回收率为(90±10)%.  相似文献   

2.
建立了猪肝组织中氯霉素残留检测的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法.液相色谱条件为色谱柱为Alltech Altima C18柱(150 mm×3.2 mm,5 μm);流动相为甲醇-水(1∶ 1,V/V);柱温为30 ℃;流速为0.3 mL/min;进样量为20 μL.质谱条件为电喷雾离子源(ESI-),多反应离子监测(MRM)方式进行采集;监测离子质荷比为320.60＞52.20,320.60＞194.15.以氯霉素的同分异构体间位氯霉素作内标,内标法定量.结果表明,氯霉素的线性范围为0.5～10 ng/mL,相关系数R2＝0.999 9;方法检测限为0.1 μg/kg,定量限为0.2 μg/kg;从0.1、0.2、0.4和1.0 μg/kg四个添加浓度检测结果可以看出,方法的平均回收率为96.6%～116.6%(n＝6),批内批间RSD均小于20%.  相似文献   

3.
牛奶中吡利霉素残留检测高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
建立了牛奶中吡利霉素残留检测的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法。液相色谱条件为:色谱柱为Waters XBridge C18柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.01mol/L乙酸铵溶液(30∶70,V/V),柱温为30℃,流速为0.2 mL/min,进样量为10μL。质谱条件为:电喷雾离子源(ESI ),多反应监测(MRM)方式进行采集;监测离子质荷比(m/z)为411.5>112.0,411.5>363.4。以吡利霉素的同分异构体异吡利霉素作内标,内标法定量。结果表明:吡利霉素的线性范围为20~400 ng/mL,相关系数R2=0.999 9;方法检测限为2 ng/mL,定量限为5ng/mL;从50、100和150 ng/mL三个添加浓度检测结果可以看出,方法的平均回收率为90.4%~104.3%(n=6),批内、批间RSD均小于5%。  相似文献   

4.
本文建立了饲料中己烯雌酚的高效液相色谱—串联质谱检测方法(UPLC-MS/MS)。色谱条件:色谱柱为ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18柱2.1mm×50mm1.7μm;流动相为乙腈—水(50:50,v/v),流速0.2mL/min;进样体积10μL;柱温35℃。采用负电喷雾离子源,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行分析,外标法定量,3对定性离子对分别为:m/z320.90151.85、320.90256.92和320.90193.90,定量离子对为320.90151.85。在0.1～500μg/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性,相关系数r0.999。在1、5、20mg/kg3个添加水平,平均回收率75.2%～97.6%,日内变异系数在2.1%～6.3%之间,日间变异系数在3.2%～9.7%,检测限为10μg/kg。  相似文献   

5.
该试验建立了使用超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱测定原料乳和奶粉中三聚氰胺含量的检测方法.用三氯乙酸溶液和乙酸铅提取,提取液经MCX固相萃取柱净化后用UPLC-MS-MS进行检测.色谱条件:CAPCELL PAK CR1:4柱(2.0 mm×100 mmi.d.,5 μm),流动相:乙腈-0.01 mol/L乙酸铵溶液,梯度洗脱流速0.3ml/min.采用正离子模式的电喷雾质谱检测,以一级质谱得到的准分子离子m/z 126.8作为母离子,进行碰撞诱导解离(CID)二级质谱(MS2)分析,选择母离子和MS2的碎片离子m/z 84.9、67.8定性确证.提取m/z 84.9离子质量色谱峰面积定量.基质标准线性范围为0.01～1.00 μg/ml,检出限10 μg/kg(S/N=10),原料乳回收率为82.4%～97.8%,奶粉回收率为80.7%～95.7%.  相似文献   

6.
试验建立液相色谱-串联质谱仪(HPLC-MS/MS)测定饲料中硫酸新霉素含量的方法。饲料中硫酸新霉素经磷酸盐缓冲液提取,C18固相萃取柱净化,用高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪进行测定,液相色谱采用C18(100.0 mm×2.1 mm,2.4μm)色谱柱,乙腈+20.0 mmol/L七氟丁酸溶液作为流动相,梯度洗脱。质谱采用正电喷雾离子源,多反应检测(MRM)模式测定。结果表明:硫酸新霉素在0.1~5.0μg/m L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.997 9);方法检测限为0.2 mg/kg,定量限为0.4 mg/kg;方法回收率为75.8%~98.2%。  相似文献   

7.
建立了牛奶中莫昔克丁残留检测的液相色谱-三重四极杆/线性离子阱复合质谱技术(LC-QTRAP)。样品用乙腈提取后,用C18固相萃取柱净化,上机测试。液相色谱条件:色谱柱为BEH C18(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液+0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液,梯度洗脱,流速为0.4 mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样量为5μL。质谱条件:电喷雾正离子源(ESI~+),采用多反应监测-信息依赖扫描-增强子离子扫描(MRM-IDA-EPI)方式采集。结果表明:在牛奶中,莫昔克丁在1～80 ng/mL基质匹配标准溶液浓度范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(R~2)大于0.990,定量限为2μg/kg。牛奶中莫昔克丁在2、40和80μg/kg三个添加浓度平均回收率都在60%～120%之间,批内、批间RSD均小于15%。该方法简便快捷、定性准确、灵敏度高,回收率和精密度满足残留检测要求。  相似文献   

8.
液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肉中的安定残留   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
建立了猪肌肉中安定的高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。用乙腈提取猪肌肉组织中的药物,经HLB固相柱净化,采用正电喷雾离子源,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下测定,三对定性离子对(m/z)分别为:285.4>154.0、285.4>193.0和285.4>257.0,定量离子对m/z为285.4>154.0。结果表明:安定在0.1~100 ng/mL内线性良好,相关系数r为0.998 5。在0.5、2、10μg/kg添加水平下,加标回收率为68.2%~97.6%,变异系数(CV)在2.2%~7.8%之间,检测限为0.1μg/kg,定量限为0.5μg/kg。  相似文献   

9.
建立了猪肉组织中四环素类药物残留检测的高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法.色谱条件为色谱柱为XBridge C18柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,5 μm),流动相为0.3%甲酸乙腈溶液 0.3%甲酸水溶液;柱温 20 ℃,流速0.2 mL/min;进样量20 μL.质谱条件为电喷雾离子源(ESI );多反应监测(MRM)方式采集.外标法定量.结果表明,四环素、土霉素和金霉素在10～400 ng/mL浓度范围内呈现良好线性,相关指数R2均大于0.999;方法检测限为5 ng/g,定量限为10 ng/g.50、100和200 ng/g三个添加浓度的平均回收率为72.3%～94.6%,批内批间RSD均小于20%.  相似文献   

10.
为了建立生鲜乳中孕酮的高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱检测方法,试验采用生鲜乳样品经甲醇溶液提取后,用C_(18)固相萃取柱净化后,再经电喷雾离子源高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱测定,保留时间和选择离子丰度比定性,外标法定量。结果表明:孕酮在0.1~5.0 ng/mL浓度范围内呈良好线性相关,相关系数为0.999 9,建立方法的检出限为0.02μg/kg,定量限为0.04μg/kg,在0.1~5.0 ng/m L加标浓度范围内,方法的回收率为79.6%~105.1%,相对标准偏差≤8.9%。与行业标准相比,试验建立方法的检出限和定量限明显降低,增强了方法灵敏度,适用于牧场生鲜乳中孕酮残留的检测。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

18.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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