共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
为探讨不同接种途径对枫叶鸭病毒性肝炎(DVH)抗体的影响,选择非免疫种鸭所产的1日龄体质量均等的360只健康枫叶雏鸭(A组),平均分为4组(饮水组、滴口组、肌注组、对照组);选择免疫种鸭所产的360只雏鸭(B组),也平均分为4组(饮水组、滴口组、肌注组、母源抗体监测组)。在雏鸭5日龄时,除对照组和母源抗体监测组外,对其他组雏鸭进行免疫接种,分别于免疫后5、10、15 d,用ELISA方法检测雏鸭抗体效价,并进行攻毒保护试验。结果显示:A组的肌注组平均抗体效价(0.588±0.018)饮水组(0.560±0.015)滴口组(0.541±0.009),雏鸭攻毒保护率依次为91.1%、85.6%、78.9%;B组的肌注组平均抗体效价(0.513±0.021)饮水组(0.484±0.051)滴口组(0.466±0.014),攻毒保护率依次为72.2%、66.7%、60.0%,均低于A组。结果表明:无论有无母源抗体干扰,肌内注射的免疫效果最好,其次是滴口,饮水的免疫效果较差;母源抗体可干扰疫苗的免疫效果。因此,需根据使用疫苗种类和实际情况,选择最合适、最有效的免疫途径,同时做好母源抗体监测,选择最佳免疫时间。本研究为鸭场免疫途径的选择提供了参考。 相似文献
2.
3.
将实验室制备的鸭病毒性肝炎高免抗体稀释为中和抗体效价1:512,分3批皮下注射1日龄雏鸭,0.5ml/只;5日龄雏鸭,1.0ml/只。在注射后1、3、5、6、7、8、9日分别用鸭病毒性肝炎SDWF株强毒0.2ml(含100LD50)进行攻毒。结果,1日龄攻毒对照组雏鸭80%-100%死亡,健康对照组全部健活;鸭病毒性肝炎高免蛋黄抗体组保护率分别为100%、100%、100%、90%-100%、90%-100%、70%-80%、40%-60%。5日龄雏鸭攻毒对照组80%-100%死亡,健康对照组全部健活。鸭病毒性肝炎高免蛋黄抗体组保护率分别为100%、100%、100%、100%、90%-100%、80%-90%、50%-60%。 相似文献
4.
本试验对388只含有母源抗体雏麻鸭和118只无母源抗体雏北京鸭分别进行了早期免疫接种。前者进行了不同日龄(1、5、10、15)、不同免疫途径(肌肉,皮下、点滴、饮水)鸭瘟弱毒疫苗的一次性免疫,后者进行了1日龄、不同途径(肌肉、皮下、滴鼻、喷雾)鸭瘟弱毒疫苗的首免和二免。无母源抗体雏鸭可采用肌肉和皮下途径免疫,最佳时间从1日龄开始首次免疫,免疫30天后进行二次免疫。对含母源抗体雏鸭也可采用肌肉、皮下途径,最佳时间从10日龄开始免疫,经过对含母源抗体和无母源抗体免疫雏鸭2个月的观察,前者经得住鸭瘟强毒10~(-8)的攻击,后者经得住10~(-3)的攻击;免疫效果高,免疫期达2个月仍保持着令人满意的免疫力,保护率达100％。含有母源抗体雏鸭,采用饮水和点滴途径免疫,前者最佳时间从1日龄开始免疫,后者从10日龄开始免疫,其安全性好,免疫效力高,免疫期达2个月,保护率达100％。用肌肉和饮水途径接种鸭瘟弱毒苗的方法进行大规模的预防接种,更为简便易行。 在试验中,还对早期免疫程序进行了探讨。 相似文献
5.
用DVH弱毒疫苗和DVH油乳剂苗免疫健康高产蛋鸡，可以制备高免卵黄抗体。高免卵黄抗体治疗雏鸭病毒性肝炎疗效的试验表明，用卵黄抗体治疗DVH的疗效取决于卵黄抗体的中和效价及治疗的时间。卵黄抗体的中和效价应达2^8.5以上，并且在感染DVH24h以内对雏鸭进行肌肉注射，免疫效果为最适宜。 相似文献
6.
将鸭坦布苏病毒浓缩后制备灭活苗,免疫试验鸡制备卵黄抗体,鸡胚中和试验表明,第3次免疫后15d,卵黄抗体中和效价为1：10^3.5,雏鸭攻毒保护试验结果表明,预防组和治疗组的保护率分别达到90％和78％,说明本试验制备的卵黄抗体对鸭坦布苏病毒病有着显著的预防和治疗作用。 相似文献
7.
8.
用 3批AE (AvianEncephalomyelitis)油佐剂灭活疫苗免疫开产前种鸡 ,免疫后定期采集种蛋进行孵化。当孵至 6日龄时取部分鸡胚 ,卵黄囊途径接种AEVVR株 ,进行AE鸡胚易感性试验。剩余鸡胚孵化至出雏后 ,分别于 1 ,7,1 4 ,2 1日龄肌肉注射AEVVR株攻毒。攻毒后观察不同日龄子代雏鸡AE的保护能力。结果疫苗免疫后 2～ 3个月的种鸡所产种蛋胚对AEV保护率达 1 0 0 % ,而同期所产种蛋孵出的子代雏鸡 ,在出雏后 3周内对AEVVR株攻毒的保护率亦达 1 0 0 %。免疫后 6～ 7个月种鸡所产种蛋胚对AEVVR保护率达 75 %～ 80 % ,而同期所产种蛋孵出的子代雏鸡 ,在出雏后 3周内对AEVVR株攻毒的保护率达 70 %～ 90 %。试验结果表明 ,AE鸡胚易感性试验的鸡胚保护率与同期雏鸡对AEVVR肌肉注射攻毒的保护率基本相同 相似文献
9.
本研究用鸭坦布苏病毒病灭活苗三次免疫SPF蛋鸡,收取高免鸡蛋,制备成冻干高免卵黄抗体;用鸡胚中和试验和间接ELISA方法进行效价检测。试验结果显示,第3次免疫后2周,卵黄抗体中和效价为1∶103.5,4、5周达到最高值1∶104.5;间接ELISA方法检测冻干前后的抗体效价结果均为阳性;对鸭坦布苏病毒强毒的攻毒保护率达100%,可为鸭坦布苏病毒的防控提供一种有效的冻干高免卵黄抗体制剂。 相似文献
10.
为探索小鹅瘟冻干卵黄抗体的被动免疫保护期及抗体效价与免疫持续期的平行相关性,试验采用3种琼扩效价分别为1∶16、1∶32和1∶64的实验室试制冻干卵黄抗体各3批,分别接种1日龄、4日龄健康易感雏鹅,1日龄雏鹅每只注射0.5 m L,4日龄雏鹅每只注射1.0 m L,并于注射后0 h、12 h、24 h、120 h、144 h、168 h、192 h、216 h对试验组和攻毒对照组接种小鹅瘟强毒W株,每只0.2 m L(含100 LD_(50))。结果显示:不同效价的卵黄抗体免疫后144 h内攻毒,卵黄抗体均可对雏鹅提供100%的免疫保护,雏鹅日龄越小,相对保护率越高,卵黄抗体琼扩效价越高,对雏鹅的免疫保护持续期越长。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
14.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
15.
16.
以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
17.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献