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建立了H5N1亚型禽流感病毒（AIV）蚀斑克隆方法，用不加中性红的营养琼脂为覆盖层，在倒置显微镜下挑斑，对3株H5N1亚型AIV鸡胚分离毒株进行了蚀斑克隆纯化，从同一鸡胚分离毒株中纯化得到了蚀斑大小和形态均存在显著差异的毒株，共获得13株蚀斑克隆纯化株。研究结果表明，当小牛血清浓度为2%时，加入终浓度50 μg/ml的胰酶可明显促进和刺激蚀斑的形成，蚀斑的直径和PFU/ml均有显著的增加。通过TCID50、EID50和LD50测定发现，来自同一鸡胚分离株的不同蚀斑克隆纯化株中，蚀斑大、毒力强的克隆毒株占优势，而且蚀斑较大的，其毒力也较强。对得到的13株蚀斑克隆毒株的全基因组各片段序列分析表明，蚀斑克隆纯化株在HA蛋白裂解位点附近的氨基酸序列均符合高致病性通报性禽流感病毒的分子特征。 相似文献
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腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV—D971株）致弱的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
将IBV-D971株病毒在SPF鸡胚上连续传至120代,培育出了一株毒力明显减弱,并且具有良好免疫原性的腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒弱毒株(IBV-D971株).IBV-D971
F105代毒力明显下降,以109.25EID50接种1日龄SPF鸡5/5无不良反应.IBV-D971
F105代毒连续通过1日龄SPF鸡体5代,未见毒力返强.以103EID50免疫1日龄SPF鸡,攻毒后5/5保护,对照5/5发病. 相似文献
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传染性法氏囊病病毒变异株弱毒的免疫原性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
传染性法氏囊病病毒（IBDV）JD1、JD2、NB变异株和HZ1、SC经典株弱毒分别以300TDID50、5000TCID50、1000TCID50、5000TCID50剂量免疫SPF鸡后的攻毒试验结果表明：IBDV－NB、JD1、HZ1弱毒株可诱导SPF鸡产生很高的血清和抗体,具有优良的免疫原性,弹毒攻击保护率达100％。IBDV－NB毒株的最佳免疫剂量为3000TCID50、IBDV－JD1和HZ1毒析的最佳免疫剂量为5000TCID50。抗体消长规律表明NB毒株－次免疫的有效保护期可达274天,JD1和HZ毒株为214天。 相似文献
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鸡传染性法氏囊病毒JS株毒力测定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
35日龄SPF鸡半数致死量(LD50)和9日龄SPF鸡胚半数致死量(ELD50)试验结果显示,传染性法氏囊病毒(1BDV)JS株的LD50为10-3.60.1 mL/只,ELD50为10-5.20.1 mL/胚;1～6周龄SPF鸡及商品鸡的致病性试验结果显示,IBDV JS株对SPF鸡和商品鸡3周龄后的致病率为100%,最高致死率分别为93.75%和75%;应用RT-PCR方法从IBDV JS株中扩增的VP2基因,经序列测定分析结果显示,IBDV JS株的VP2基因与香港HK46、日本OKYM、英国UK661等国际超强毒株的氨基酸序列的同源性达99%以上.表明IBDV JS株为超强毒株. 相似文献
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将传染性法氏囊病病毒 ( IBDV) JD1 、JD2 、NB变异毒株直接适应于鸡胚成纤维细胞上致弱。 3个毒株2 1代和 3 5～ 3 8代细胞毒分别连续回归鸡体 5代。结果表明 ,IBDV JD1 株 2 1～ 3 5代、JD2 株 3 7代、NB株 3 8代细胞毒对雏鸡已基本失去致病力 ,是毒力相对稳定的弱毒株。 IBDV JD1 、JD2 、NB变异株弱毒以 3 0 0 0TCID5 0 、50 0 0 TCID5 0 、1 0 0 0 0 TCID5 0 、1 50 0 0 TCID5 0 4个不同免疫剂量免疫 SPF鸡后的攻毒试验结果表明 ,JD1 、NB毒株的免疫效果明显优于 B87、Bursine3毒株疫苗 ,具有优良的免疫原性。JD1 、NB毒株的最佳免疫剂量分别为 50 0 0 TCID5 0 、3 0 0 0 TCID5 0 。抗体消长规律表明 ,JD1 株疫苗一次免疫后的有效保护期为 2 1 4d,最低有效中和抗体保护效价为 1∶ 4 0 71。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(23)
为明确禽脑脊髓炎(AE)病毒自分离流行毒株的生物学特性,以用于禽脑脊髓炎灭活疫苗的研制,以发病雏鸡脑组织为材料,进行SPF鸡回归试验、PCR检测、SPF鸡胚分离培养有限稀释纯化、特异性试验等,得到一株禽脑脊髓炎病毒,命名为HM08株,对该分离毒株的生物学特性进行研究的结果表明:该毒株纯净、无外源病毒污染,E1代病毒含量达到10~(5.56)EID_(50)/0.2 mL,E2代至E15代病毒含量稳定在10~(7.0)EID_(50)/0.2 mL以上;100倍稀释的E1代毒种,经卵黄囊途径接种6日胚龄SPF鸡胚,12 d内,引起AE特征性病变的病变率达100%;用E1代毒按照500 EID50/只对1日龄、7周龄的SPF鸡脑内接种,出现AE特征性病变的病变率达100%;以该毒制成的疫苗0.3 mL/羽份免疫鸡,能获得100%保护。表明HM08株是一株较好的AE疫苗候选毒株。 相似文献
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【目的】 研究1株传染性法氏囊病病毒（Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV）广西分离株的毒力特征及其与VP2基因序列特征的关系,为IBDV的流行病学研究和疫病防控提供参考。【方法】 通过PCR、鸡胚传代培养、DF-1细胞的适应培养及琼脂扩散试验等方法分离鉴定病毒,并扩增其VP2基因,利用Mega 7.0、MegAlign软件将其与其他不同毒力IBDV毒株进行核苷酸及氨基酸序列比对分析,并进行SPF鸡致病性试验,用实时荧光定量PCR方法测定IBDV拷贝数变化情况。【结果】 成功分离到1株IBDV毒株,命名为GX20210126株。该毒株接种SPF鸡胚可导致鸡胚出现出血、矮化和肝脏发黄、出血及针尖状坏死;且GX20210126对DF-1具有良好的细胞适应性,可引起显著细胞病变。琼脂扩散试验显示,该毒株具有良好的抗原性,病毒液能与IBDV阳性血清之间形成白色沉淀线。VP2基因进化分析显示GX20210126株与国际标准超强毒株在同一个大的分支上,氨基酸序列相似性在86.8%~99.6%之间,其中与UK661株相似性最高,为99.6%,仅有2处氨基酸位点发生改变,即D279N和I272T。以EID50为10-3.8/0.1 mL,0.5 mL/只的剂量点眼、滴鼻接种8日龄SPF鸡,攻毒后鸡出现羽毛蓬松、精神萎靡、拉白绿色水样粪便等临床症状,剖检可见肌肉、肝脏出血,肾脏尿酸盐沉积,法氏囊萎缩,IBDV拷贝数在感染后第5天达到峰值。【结论】 IBDV广西流行株GX20210126具有超强毒株基因序列特征,人工感染鸡群可导致IBDV典型临床症状和病理变化。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献