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应用PCR方法扩增山羊痘病毒QL、LD、Y、B-株反向末端重复序列片段,将其克隆至pMD18-T载体,构建了重组质粒pMD18-ITR,再将该重组质粒转化DH5α感受态细胞进行培养,对通过PCR、酶切鉴定为阳性的重组菌进行序列测定,并将所得序列与GenBank收录的2株山羊痘病毒、3株绵羊痘病毒全基因序列进行比较分析。结果:所测4个毒株序列与GenBank上收录的山羊痘病毒该片段核苷酸序列的同源性均为100%,与绵羊痘病毒该片段核苷酸序列的同源性均为98.3%。研究结果表明,山羊痘病毒反向末端重复序列与已收录的羊痘毒株之间该片段的同源性非常高,为今后兽医临床上应用PCR方法检测羊痘病毒提供了另一更为特异、保守的基因片段。 相似文献
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山羊痘病毒基因组DNA的提取及酶切分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对山羊痘病毒贵州分离株（LD株和QL株）和参考株（Y株和B株）,采用Vero细胞增殖和差速离心浓缩后,以SDS-蛋白酶K法提取病毒基因组DNA,以3种核酸内切酶EcoRⅠ、HindⅢ和PstⅠ进行酶切图谱分析。接种山羊痘病毒48h～60h后,Vero细胞呈现典型的细胞病变;病毒基因组提取样本的纯度在1．8～1．9之间,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳均出现一条纯净的DNA条带;经3种内切酶酶切后,贵州分离株的酶切图谱与参考疫苗毒株Y株基本一致,比参考弱毒株B株少3条～4条酶切片段。这为山羊痘病毒毒力基因的进一步研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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将猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）病毒BJ－4株在HS．2H细胞上增殖，经超速离心浓缩病毒。用TRIXOL LS试剂提取病毒基因组RNA后，用RT－PCR方法特异性扩增PRRS病毒BJ－4的ORF6基因片段；经Sma Ⅰ酶切鉴定正确后，将PCR产物克隆到pGEM-Teasy载体上，经Amp/IPTG/X-Gal平板筛选、酶切鉴定和质粒PCR鉴定，初步获得含ORF6基因的阳性重组质粒pGEM-T-ORF6。对重组质粒进行序列测定，并同美洲代表株VR2332和欧洲代表株LV进行比较，结果表明，BJ－4 ORF6与VR2332的ORF6差异较小，核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均为99．43％；而与LV株的差异性较大，核苷酸同源性为70．6％，氨基酸同源性77．4％。 相似文献
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山羊痘病毒ITR基因片段的克隆与序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用PCR方法扩增山羊痘病毒QL、LD、Y和B株ITR基因片段,插入pMD18-T载体,转化DH5α感受态细胞,提取重组载体经PCR和酶切鉴定后测序,并与GenBank上8株羊痘病毒相应序列进行同源性分析。结果经PCR扩增,4株病毒均可得到一条均一的DNA片段,该片段可被内切酶AluⅠ特异酶切,而且该PCR的DNA模板最小检出量为24.40pg。经测序,该基因片段长度为289bp;序列比较发现,4株病毒ITR片段与GenBank上2株山羊痘病毒的核苷酸与氨基酸序列同源性均为100%,与3株绵羊痘病毒分别为98.2%和96.5%,与3株牛疙瘩皮肤病病毒为98.2%～99.3%和96.5%～97.7%。这表明ITR基因片段在羊痘病毒属中较为保守,可以针对ITR基因建立羊痘病毒的PCR检测方法。 相似文献
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鸡产蛋下降综合征(EDS-76)病毒DNA探针制备 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鸡产蛋下降综合征（EDS－76）病毒由鸭胚培养增殖，60％饱和度的（NH4）2SO4沉淀，经差速离心和蔗糖垫超速离心提纯病毒。蛋白酶K和SDS消化后，苯酚抽提、乙醇沉淀分离EDS－76病毒DNA。用HindⅢ、BamHI、PstI、EcoRI进行病毒DNA酶切图谱分析。EDS－76病毒DNA经PstI限制酸酶切与pUC19质粒载体连接，转化了JPA101大肠杆菌细胞，筛选带有插入片段的白色菌落，并将筛选的克隆进杆快速酶切鉴定;用光敏生物素标记制成探针。结果表明：所选克隆只与EDS-76病毒DNA杂交，克隆片段的为3kb，标记探针能检出10pg的EDS－76病毒DNA。 相似文献
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PCR用于鸭瘟病毒诊断的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据鸭瘟病毒UL6和UL7基因序列,设计合成了一对引物,以2株疫苗株、1株强毒株和1株山东分离株DNA为模板,进行PCR扩增,得到预期690bp的目的片段.将扩增的目的片段克隆到pMD18-T载体,经Amp平板筛选,HindⅢ、BamHⅠ双酶切鉴定,获得阳性重组质粒.对重组质粒进行序列测定,与参考序列比较,山东分离株与参考序列的同源性为99.7%,其余3株DPV与参考序列的同源性均为100%.应用PCR可检测人工感染和自然感染鸭瘟的组织中的鸭瘟病毒,表明PCR检测鸭瘟病毒具有很高的特异性、敏感性,该法能够用于鸭瘟急性及亚临床感染的检测与诊断. 相似文献
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PCR检测鸭瘟病毒的研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
根据鸭瘟病毒DNA聚合酶基因序列，设计、合成了1对引物，以1株鸭瘟病毒疫苗株DNA为模板，进行：PCR扩增，扩增出预期563bp的目的DNA片段。将扩增出的DNA片段克隆到pMDl8—T载体，经Amp／IPTG／X-gal平板筛选，HindⅢ、XbaⅠ双酶切鉴定，获得阳性重组质粒。对重组质粒进行序列测定，与参考序列比较，二者同源性为99．3％。小鹩瘟病毒、鸭肝炎病毒、鹅副黏病毒：PCR扩增均为阴性。用此方法检测人工感染和自然感染鸭瘟的组织(脑、肝、脾)，均能检测到鸭瘟病毒DNA。PCR检测鸭瘟病毒具有高度的特异性、敏感性，能够用于鸭瘟急性及亚临床感染的检测与诊断。 相似文献
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《贵州畜牧兽医》2015,(6)
利用实验室构建的含有犬瘟热病毒H基因的p MD18-H质粒,根据其序列设计带有Bam HⅠ和HindⅢ酶切位点的引物,对H基因ORF进行PCR扩增,得到约1 949 bp的片段。将该片段克隆到p MD18-T载体内,用Bam HⅠ和HindⅢ进行双酶切鉴定、质粒PCR鉴定,筛选出阳性克隆。将阳性克隆再用Bam HⅠ和HindⅢ进行双酶切,纯化回收CDV H基因ORF片段;将原核表达载体p ET32a(+)用同样的方法酶切,回收载体片段,并用T4连接酶将以上两回收片段连接,构建原核表达载体质粒p ET32-H,后经Bam HⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切、质粒PCR、测序进行系列鉴定。结果表明,p ET32-H原核表达质粒构建成功,其中插入片段大小为1 842 bp,可编码607个氨基酸残基。该实验为下一步H蛋白的原核表达及单克隆抗体的制备奠定了基础。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献