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1.
应用抗ＩＢＤＶ独特型抗体分别与福氏完全佐剂和福氏不完全佐剂按１∶１比例乳化制备成抗ＩＢＤＶ独特型抗体疫苗，免疫接种ＳＰＦ鸡和普通京白公鸡，然后用ＩＢＤＶ野毒株经点眼和滴鼻方式攻毒，保护率分别为８／８，１４／１４，由此证实了抗独特型抗体疫苗潜在的研究价值和应用价值。  相似文献   

2.
兔源抗IBDV独特型抗体疫苗的制备   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
用纯化的抗鸡传染性腔上囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）抗体免疫家兔，将所获效从较高（１：１６）的兔源抗ＩＢＤＶ独特型抗体分别与福氏完全和福氏不完全佐剂按１：１比例乳化制备成抗ＩＢＤＶ独特型抗体疫苗，用该疫轩免疫迪卡公雏鸡和ＳＰＦ组鸡，经用ＩＢＤＶ强毒株以点眼和滴鼻方式攻击，试验组的保护率分别为９８／９８，１００／１００，４９／４９，大群免疫接种的应答率为１００％。  相似文献   

3.
在用自制的鸡新城疫荧光抗体检查鸡新城疫强毒人工感染鸡和鸡胚成纤维细胞,取得满意结果的基础上,进行了检查鸡新城疫自然病例的研究,并以部分自然病例的病料和健康鸡的材料,进行了病毒分离试验,证实该荧光抗体为一种特异性强,检出率高的制品。人工感染传染性喉气管炎和传染性支气管炎病鸡的材料,经鸡新城疫荧光抗体检查均有阴性。另外确定小鸡在接种疫苗后3—26日期间,其脾脏即不再对鸡新城疫荧光抗体诊断产生干扰现象,但肾脏持续时间较长消失亦不规律。我们于1980年研制成功鸡新城疫荧光抗体,对鸡新城疫强毒人工感染鸡病料及接毒的鸡胚成纤维细胞进行检查取得了满意结果。为了证实该荧光抗体能否实际应用于鸡新城疫自然病例的诊断,进行了本研究,结果报告如下。  相似文献   

4.
本试验主要采用鸡胚尿囊腔繁殖病毒的方法繁殖新城疫病毒(NDV),差速离心法对NDV进行纯化,用纯化的NDV作为抗原,与弗氏佐剂充分乳化后,免疫8周龄的Balb/C小鼠。首免弗氏完全佐剂,二免、三免、四次加免用弗氏不完全佐剂。四免后第14天取免疫小鼠血清,用血凝抑制试验HI和间接ELISA测定抗体效价,分别为1:128和1:6.4×104,获得抗体与NDV具有良好的特异性反应,与鸡传染性法氏囊病毒、鸡传染性支气管炎病毒、鸡流感病毒均无交叉反应性。  相似文献   

5.
从暴发疑似鸽新城疫的某赛鸽场分离到1株病毒，通过血凝（HA)试验、血凝抑制（HI）试验及鸡胚中和试验初步鉴定为鸽新城疫病毒，进而进行了鸡胚半数感染量（EID50）、鸡胚平均死亡时间（MDT）测定和对不同动物红细胞的凝集试验，证明该分离株属新城疫强毒力毒株，将该毒株经鸡胚尿囊液增殖后用甲醛灭活，制成油佐剂来活苗，对鸽免疫后检测其血清抗体水平并进行攻毒试验，结果在免疫后21d抗体达到高峰，攻毒试验表明油佐剂灭活苗对鸽新城疫病毒感染有较强的保护力。  相似文献   

6.
应用抗ＩＢＤＶ独特型抗体分别与福氏安全佐剂和福氏不完全佐剂按１：１比例乳化制备成抗ＩＢＤＶ独特型抗体疫苗，免疫接种ＳＰＦ鸡和普通京白公鸡，然后用ＩＢＤＶ野毒株经点眼和滴鼻方式攻毒，保护率分别为８／８，１４／１４，野毒株经点眼和滴鼻方式攻毒，保护率分别为８／８，１４／１４，由此证实了抗独特型抗体疫苗潜在研究价值和应用价值。  相似文献   

7.
将从黑龙江省某貂场分离的水貂β溶血性链球菌菌株(简称 MSZ 菌株)培养后,用0.5%甲醛灭活,加入福氏不完全佐剂乳化作为免疫原免疫家兔制备的高免血清,用饱和硫酸铵提取免疫球蛋白(IgG),标记异硫氰酸荧光黄(FITC)制成兔抗水貂链球菌荧光抗体(FA)。用以检测20例人工感染水貂。脾脏的检出率为100%(20/20),肝脏和心脏检出率为55%(11/20);检测10例自然病例,脾脏、肝脏和心脏检出率均为100%(10/10);它们的肺脏和胃的检出率均较低。试验表明,脾脏可作为本法检测的首选器官,可在2小时内报告病原学诊断结果。  相似文献   

8.
用纯化的抗IBDV抗体作为抗原免疫家兔,将分离制得的致价（1：16）较高的兔源抗IBD独特型抗体分别与福氏完全和福氏不完全佐剂按1：1比例乳化制备成抗IBDV独特型抗体疫苗,免疫接种普通迪卡公雏鸡和SPF鸡,然后用IBDV强毒株经点眼和滴鼻方式攻毒,试验组的保护率分别为98／98、100／100、49／49,大群免疫接种应答为100％,具有良好的免疫保护效果。由此也证实了抗独特型抗体疫苗的制备潜在的研究和应用价值。  相似文献   

9.
本研究利用经纯化的原核表达禽呼肠孤病毒(ARV)结构蛋白σ3作为免疫抗原,免疫兔子三次,血清效价达到27时采血分离血清.用硫酸铵沉淀法浓缩纯化血清中的IgG,纯化的IgG用荧光素FITC加以标记.利用制备的荧光标记特异性抗体和对反应条件进行优化,建立了表达σ3蛋白荧光抗体检测ARV的诊断方法.结果经纯化获得特异性抗ARV结构蛋白σ3的荧光标记IgG抗体.用标记的抗体检测ARV病毒感染的单层细胞,出现特异性的荧光.用建立的σ3-FA方法检测接种疑似ARV感染的病料的鸡胚原代成纤维细胞,检出的阳性样品与病毒分离结果一致.表明本研究建立的σ3-FA方法检测ARV病毒有较好的特异性,可用于ARV感染的临床样品检测.  相似文献   

10.
分别用三个滴度的ＮＤＶ、ＥＤＳ７６Ｖ、ＩＢＶ作正交配比，制成八组不同配比的三联油佐剂灭活苗，鸡免疫后每月采血分离血清，应用ＨＩ监测其抗体，结果表明，三种病毒适当配比，不产生干扰，疫苗的免疫效果与抗原量有关。本疫苗与Ｉｎｔｃｒｖｃｔ公司生产的ＮＤ－ＩＢ－ＩＢＤ三联油佐剂灭活苗作比较试验，免疫鸡所产生的ＮＤ、ＩＢ抗体无显著性差异。应用含抗原量最低配比的疫苗，对不明原因的有产蛋率下降疫病感染史的鸡群作免  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

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