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不同禽源新城疫病毒强毒株对鹅的致病性研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
分别采用鸽、鸡、鸭、鹅源新城疫病毒(NDV)强毒株和NDV国内标准强毒株F48E8进行鹅的人工感染试验,对感染鹅的临床症状、增重、抗体水平和排毒情况进行详细观察,探讨不同禽源NDV强毒株对鹅的致病性以及鹅在家禽新城疫(ND)流行中的意义。结果表明,鸽源强毒株JSP0204对鹅无致病性或致病性很弱,感染鹅未表现临床症状,增重也未受到显著影响(P0.05)。而鸡源JSC0804、鸭源JSD0812、鹅源JSG0210和F48E8株均可致鹅发病和死亡,尤以鸭源JSD0812和F48E8株致病性最强,致死率高达100%。所有感染鹅均可排毒,排毒时间因毒株不同而异。研究结果表明目前流行的NDV强毒株对鹅的致病性普遍增强,并进一步证实鹅在ND流行病学中具有重要的作用。 相似文献
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鸡新城疫不同毒株间的交叉保护性研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
将NDV－La Sota疫苗株、NDV山东地方强毒株CY和DY以及NDV F48E8标准强毒株分别制成油乳剂灭活疫苗，免疫6周龄SPF鸡，然后分别用分离强毒株和F48E8强毒株进行攻击。结果发现，两个分离毒株之间、分离毒株与标准毒株之间、IV系疫苗株与分离毒株之间都可以得到完全交叉保护。 相似文献
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减毒沙门氏菌为载体传递DNA疫苗诱导对新城疫病毒的免疫保护 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
探讨了以减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏茵为栽体传递新城疫病毒DNA疫苗的安全性、免疫原性和可行性。将含新城疫病毒(NDV)F48E9株融合蛋白(F)基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA3-F的重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌ZJ111株(ZJ111／pcD-NA3一F菌株)，以10^8CFU进行首免，2周后二免，三免后4周攻击强毒株F48E9，观察其安全性和免疫原性，同时设只含空载体pcDNA3的ZJ111／pcDNA3菌株对照及口服PBS对照。结果表明：重组ZJ111／pcDNA3-F菌株具有良好的安全性。对强毒株攻击的保护率达64．7％。重组ZJ111／pcDNA3-F菌株不仅能诱导雏鸡产生NDVELISA抗体，而且诱导产生的法氏囊B淋巴细胞和胸腺T淋巴细胞增殖反应显著高于ZJ111／pcDNA3时照组。这些结果提示，减毒沙门氏菌为载体不仅可直接将NDVF基因呈递给鸡体细胞进行表达，产生抗NDV的体液免疫，而且还可诱导细胞免疫应答。 相似文献
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研究了马立克氏病病毒(MDV)不同致病型毒株感染鸡后对新城疫病毒(NDV)和传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)疫苗抗体反应的影响。结果表明，2周龄接种MDV超强毒株RBIB和7日龄接种MDV强毒株GA的鸡HI效价均显著低于对照鸡，但在本试验条件下尚未发现MDV感染对法氏囊病病毒疫苗免疫效果有显著影响。 相似文献
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不同宿主源NDV毒株对SPF鸡致病性研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
为阐明不同宿主及不同基因型新城瘦病毒(NOV)对SPF鸡致病性,选择分离自鸡、番鸭、鹅、健康野鸟的基因VIId亚型NDV 6株,鸡源基因Ⅲ型和鸽源基因VIb型毒株各1株,以及基因Ⅸ型强毒F48E9,共9株NDV毒株进行致病性试验.在对各毒株的EID50及主要致病指数MDT、ICPI测定基础之上,以相同剂量感染15日龄SPF鸡,观察临床症状及剖检病变,计算发病率和死亡率,并在攻毒后不同时间采集主要组织样品.以SYBR Green I Real-time PCR检测病毒最早出现时间及病毒载量.结果表明,6株基因VIId亚型NDV毒株导致SPF鸡100%发病,死亡率90%以上,属于高致病性毒株;基因Ⅲ、VIb型毒株导致SPF鸡发病但不死亡,属于中等毒力毒株.VIId亚型毒株与F48E9株攻毒后SPF鸡在病理变化、组织嗜性及病毒载量上没有显著差异.根据毒株的MDT、ICPI指数及攻毒鸡病程综合判断,VIId亚型毒株在致病性上与F48E9株差异不显著.健康野鸟携带基因VIId亚型高致病性NDV,在NDV的自然生态传播过程中起重要作用,提示应该加强对野鸟的流行病学监测及相关研究. 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2016,(8)
为了科学理解家鸭在新城疫病毒(NDV)流行和传播中的作用,对贵州不同地区分离的5株鸭源NDV强毒株进行遗传变异分析以及对鸭和SPF鸡的致病性研究。结果显示:5株NDV分离株均属于基因Ⅶd亚型,其F蛋白裂解位点基序均为112 RRQKRF117,符合强毒株序列特征,与病毒致病性指数测定结果相符;F和HN蛋白中功能性氨基酸位点均高度保守,但在HN蛋白线性表位区有3株发生E347K突变。交叉血凝抑制试验发现分离株与传统疫苗株LaSota的抗原同源性较低(为83.3%~87.0%),而与新型基因Ⅶ型疫苗株A-Ⅶ的抗原同源性较高(为93.5%~100%)。将5株NDV分离株以0.5mL病毒尿囊液原液通过肌肉注射感染鸭后未见明显发病死亡和病理变化,并且除脾外在其他多个组织脏器未能检测到病毒复制;而以106.0 ELD50·0.1mL-1剂量通过滴鼻点眼感染SPF鸡后6d内100%发病死亡,病死鸡表现出新城疫典型的临床症状和病理变化,病毒在多个组织脏器中均能复制且对脾、胸腺和法氏囊等免疫器官损伤严重。另外,SPF鸡攻毒后喉头和泄殖腔棉拭病毒分离率明显高于试验鸭。本研究结果表明,贵州省鸭群中流行的基因Ⅶd亚型NDV强毒株HN蛋白发生E347K突变的变异株呈上升趋势,并与传统疫苗株产生抗原差异;5株鸭源NDV强毒株对鸭和鸡致病性差异显著,虽然对鸭无明显致病性,但鸭感染后可在较长时间内通过喉头或泄殖腔向体外排毒,因此必须采取有效措施防止NDV强毒由鸭群向鸡群的传播。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献