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1.
我国规模化肉牛场牛病毒性腹泻—粘膜病流行状况监测   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：14  
从山东,河南和河北省的６个规模化的肉牛场随机采肉牛血清８９份,直肠粪拭子１６５份,分别用微量细胞中和试验和双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂盒检测牛病毒性腹泻－粘膜病的抗体和抗原。诊断结果;ＢＶＤ－ＭＤ中和抗体阳性率为４６．２％－６５．０％;ＢＶＤ－ＭＤ病毒抗原阳性检出率为５．１％－７７．２％。从而证实我国中原地区肉牛群中存在有ＢＶＤ－ＭＤ。  相似文献   

2.
乳胶凝集试验检测鸡新城疫病毒血清抗体的研究   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  
用硫酸铵沉淀、透析浓缩的鸡新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）抗原致敏乳胶,然后所鸡新城疫阳性血清进行方阵滴定,选择出最佳致敏条件并制成新城疫病毒乳胶抗原,由此建立超乳胶凝集试验（ＬＡＴ）,用来检测新城疫血清抗体;用所建立的乳胶凝集试验（ＬＡＴ）和血凝抑制试验（ＨＩ）同步检测６９份鸡血清,结果乳胶凝集试验阳性６２份,阴性７份;血凝抑制试验阳性６６份,阴性３份,两者的总符合率为９４．２％（６５／６９）,且两者的检出率基本一致。结果表明,乳胶凝集试验具有操作简便、快速、敏感性高、特异性强且可用于现场检测等优点,是一种适合基层单位用来检测鸡新城疫病毒血清抗体的新方法。  相似文献   

3.
应用薄层聚丙烯酰胺等电聚焦电泳（ＩＦＥ）对水牛梭形住肉孢子虫（Ｓａｒｃｏｃｙｓｔｉｓｆｕｓｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ）抗原进行了分析。结果表明，经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００纯化的包囊抗原在电泳图谱上显示３条相距较近的带，等电点分别为６．３０，６．４５，６．６５；缓殖子纯化抗原仅出现１条带，等电点为６．４０  相似文献   

4.
牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病（BVD）是一种免疫抑制病,对奶牛养殖业的危害极大。为了弄清此病在国内牧场的感染状况,在各地区选140个规模化牛场进行了BVD抗原、抗体的检测,112个牧场只是检测了大缸牛奶中的抗体,抗体阳性率65.18%（73/1 12）,22个牧场仅进行了抗原检测,牧场抗原阳性率72.73%（16/22）,PI牛（抗原阳性牛）感染率却为0.71%,6个牧场进行了血清抗体检测,阳性率为100%（6/6）;另外其中有21个牧场由于检测当时某些突发疾病的存在既做了抗原和抗体的检测,抗体阳性率80.9%（17/21）,PI抗原阳性率高达2.09%,可见,牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病（BVD）是目前规模化奶牛场必须要面对的一种关键传染病。  相似文献   

5.
《畜牧与兽医》2017,(12):102-105
为了探讨不同材料对禽白血病病毒(ALV)p27抗原检测结果的影响,选择168日龄河南省地方品种母鸡,首先用ELISA检测泄殖腔棉拭子ALV-p27抗原,然后选取部分阳性鸡和阴性鸡分别作为阳性(P)组和阴性(N)组检测其血清和蛋清中ALV-p27抗原,并进行外源性ALV的分离鉴定。结果显示P组蛋清和血清ALV-p27抗原阳性率分别为6304%和7337%;N组蛋清ALV-p27抗原全为阴性,血清ALV-p27抗原阳性率为3315%。P组外源性ALV的分离阳性率为6875%,N组外源性ALV的分离阳性率为278%;蛋清ALV-p27抗原阳性鸡外源性ALV分离阳性率为100%,抗原阴性鸡外源性ALV的分离阳性率为10%;血清ALV-p27抗原阳性鸡外源性ALV的分离阳性率为5946%,抗原阴性鸡外源性ALV的分离阳性率为322%。结果表明,若地方品种鸡群数量较大,育种淘汰率高,采用泄殖腔棉拭子作为检测材料比蛋清检测材料阳性鸡淘汰更彻底;若种鸡群数量较少,淘汰较多影响育种工作,采用蛋清作为检测材料更为合适。  相似文献   

6.
为探讨禽白血病经公鸡精液、种蛋传染的可能性及概率,降低白血病净化成本,选取ALV—p27抗原泄殖腔检测阳性精液检测阳性、泄殖腔检测阳性精液检测阴性、泄殖腔检测阴性精液阴性的公鸡的精液,分别给泄殖腔检测阴性的母鸡进行输精,然后检测母鸡泄殖腔及其蛋清的p27抗原阳性率。结果表明,禽白血病在鸡体内的排毒存在间歇性;泄殖腔ALV—p27抗原阳性的母鸡中有1l％的鸡所产的种蛋中为p27抗原阳性;精液阳性的种公鸡即使多次给母鸡人工授精,也不会增加母鸡所产种蛋的蛋清中p27抗原的阳性率,但是可以增加母鸡泄殖腔p27抗原检测的阳性率。  相似文献   

7.
为了解宁夏地区部分规模奶牛场牛病毒性腹泻病的感染率,制定防控措施,达到建设疾病防控净化场的目的,应用牛病毒性腹泻病抗原检测试剂盒和牛病毒性腹泻病抗原快速检测卡对不同阶段牛只进行检测.结果表明:检测的3家奶牛场都存在牛病毒性腹泻病毒抗原阳性牛,采用牛病毒性腹泻病抗原检测试剂盒检测青年牛和成母牛;采用牛病毒性腹泻病抗原快速...  相似文献   

8.
以建立的斑点酶联免疫吸附试验双抗体夹心法检测兔出血症病毒抗原.结果表明,对23只病兔各脏器病毒抗原检测,以肝、脾的检出率为最高.对人工感染兔各脏器检测,肝脏首先出现病毒抗原,其次是脾脏;各脏器病毒抗原含量依次为,肝>脾>肺>肾>心.用该法从人工感染24h后兔的口腔、鼻腔分泌物及粪便中检出了病毒抗原,表明病兔可通过消化道和呼吸道排毒.与血凝试验对比检测兔出血症可疑标本192份,两者符合率为90.6%.  相似文献   

9.
为全面了解吉林省某规模化牛场牛病毒性腹泻(BVD)的流行情况,试验采集临床血清样品157份,粪便样品18份,肝脏、精液等组织样品17份,应用BVDV抗体检测试剂盒进行血清抗体检测,利用BVDV1型引物,采用纳米PCR方法对血清及临床样品进行BVDV抗原检测,对抗原阳性样品进行测序分析;将抗原阳性样品经研磨、稀释后用0.22μm滤膜过滤除菌,接入牛肾细胞(MDBK)进行病毒分离培养,盲传3代后再次进行抗原检测;采用免疫荧光技术检测病毒对MDBK细胞的侵染作用;利用Mega软件绘制系统进化树并进行同源性比对分析。结果显示,该牛场临床血清BVDV抗体阳性率为77.1%,血清抗原阳性率为12.1%,临床粪便等样品抗原阳性率为74.3%;病料接入细胞未观察到细胞病变,分离毒株PCR产物测序分析结果与样品抗原检测结果一致;免疫荧光检测结果显示,分离株毒液正常吸附于MDBK细胞中,有明显荧光反应;抗原测序分析显示,该牛场BVD主要流行毒株与BVDV JL-1株同源性高达99.0%,且均为BVDV 1型毒株。本研究对该牛场BVDV流行情况进行了全面调查,为开展净化工作奠定了基础。  相似文献   

10.
为研究小反刍兽疫病毒N蛋白抗体与H蛋白抗体在羊体内的代谢消长规律,试验通过建立小反刍兽疫N蛋白双抗原夹心ELISA抗体检测方法、H蛋白阻断ELISA抗体检测方法与血清中和抗体试验方法,分别检测了羊免疫疫苗后体内N蛋白抗体与H蛋白抗体在每个免疫阶段的代谢消长变化。结果表明:羊免疫小反刍兽疫疫苗后,血清内的N蛋白抗体与H蛋白抗体在6~8周时血清抗体效价较高,对应的羊体内中和抗体效价为1∶512,且效价至少可以持续到10周以上,2种抗体具有一定消长代谢规律的相关性。该研究结果也为以N抗原与H抗原为基础建立相应的抗原捕获ELISA方法、竞争ELISA检测方法、间接ELISA检测方法以及双抗原夹心ELISA检测方法奠定了一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
  相似文献   

17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

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