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1.
为了了解齐齐哈尔地区鹅细小病毒（GPV）现地强毒株的流行及抗原变异情况,试验从齐齐哈尔龙江县某养殖场采集疑似小鹅瘟病死雏鹅的肝脾病料进行病毒分离培养,对获得的疑似尿囊液进行PCR检测、血凝性检测、动物回归试验及VP3基因序列分析。结果表明,分离到的病毒株能使12日龄鹅胚在144 h内死亡;血凝性检测未检测出血凝价;动物回归试验,可复制该病,致使5日龄雏鹅在96～144 h内全部死亡;VP3基因PCR扩增条带大约为1 600 bp,与目的条带大小相符;对其进行序列分析,判定该分离株为鹅细小病毒毒株,与我室之前分离鉴定的鹅细小病毒HH10强毒株核苷酸同源性为98.17%,与标准B株核苷酸同源性为97.13%。说明鹅细小病毒基因保守。  相似文献   

2.
鹅细小病毒强毒PCR检测方法的建立   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
参照GenBank中登录的鹅细小病毒(GPV)B株的全基因序列，针对GPV的VP3保守基因设计了1对引物，建立了GPV的PCR检测方法。采用该方法检测GPV能够扩增出预期大小约441bp的特异性片段，而对鸭瘟病毒(DPV)、鹅源致病性大肠埃希氏菌(E．coli)Os和O1、雏鹅新型病毒性肠炎病毒(NGVEV)呈阴性反应。该法检测GPV核酸的灵敏度可达0．47pg；对GPV强毒皮下注射感染雏鹅各器官的检测结果表明。感染后8h即可从心、肝病料中栓出病毒DNA，感染后24h可从延髓、胸腺、胰腺、十二指肠、空肠、盲肠、腔上囊、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、血液、小脑、直肠、肌肉、粪便中栓出GPVDNA，感染48h后可从骨髓中检出病毒DNA，感染312h后仍能从十二指肠、空肠、盲肠、心、肝、肾、粪便中检出病毒DNA。病毒分离阳性的可疑病料PCR检测为阳性，对，临床送栓病料的检测结果表明，PCR的敏感性显著高于病毒分离。  相似文献   

3.
鹅细小病毒的分离鉴定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
鹅细小病毒病,在我国又称小鹅瘟,是由鹅细小病毒(goose parvovirus,GPV)引起的一种高发病率和高死亡率的高度接触性传染病,该病主要感染1月龄以内的雏鹅,雏番鸭也很易感染.GPV是细小病毒科、依赖病毒属成员、无囊膜的单链DNA病毒,病毒直径20~22 nm,是目前已知的动物病毒中较小、较简单的病毒之一.该病最早由我国学者方定一于1956年在扬州首次发现,并于1961年用鹅胚分离到病毒[1].自1965年以来,先后有许多国家有类似该病的报道[2],鹅细小病毒病以肠道栓塞为主要特征病变,近年来研究发现,小鹅瘟的发病日龄有所增大,超过30日龄占总发病率的14.3%,这可能与细小病毒毒力增强及基因变异有关[2].为了进一步研究GPV毒株的分子生物学特性、变异趋势,本研究对本世纪初黑龙江某鹅厂疑似小鹅瘟病鹅肝脏进行GPV分离鉴定,现将结果报告如下.  相似文献   

4.
鹅细小病毒PCR快速检测方法的建立及应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
鹅细小病毒病是由鹅细小病毒（Goose parvirus GPV）引起的雏鹅的一种急性或亚急性的败血性传染病,主要侵害4～20日龄的雏鹅,而且鹅细小病毒病有30日龄后发病的,发病日龄有所推后。关于鹅细小病毒的检测,现已建立了许多方法,并且得到了较广泛的应用。主要有琼脂扩散试验、ELISA、免疫荧光抗体试验、黄牛精子抑制试验、中和试验等方法。自1995年Zadori等人发布了鹅细小病毒B株的全基因组序列之后,关于GPV分子生物学的研究生要集中在小鹅瘟保守抗原基因片段的克隆表达的研究。PCR作为一种新的实验技术,在分子生物学研究和临床诊断上都发挥着极其重要的作用,该方法具有灵敏度高、快速特异、操作简便等优点。本研究旨在建立鹅细小病毒PCR快速检测方法。  相似文献   

5.
鹅细小病毒     
鹅细小病毒(Goose parvovirus,GPV),在我国原称为小鹅瘟病毒(Gosling plague virus),属于细小病毒科(Parvovirus),细小病毒属(Parvovirus),是引起3—30日龄雏鹅急性、亚急性败血性传染病的病原体。  相似文献   

6.
通过建立能对石蜡切片中鹅细小病毒(GPV)核酸进行定位的原位PCR方法,为GPV在鹅体内的定位、致病机理研究等提供有效的试验手段.根据GPV的VP3基因序列设计PCR引物和寡核苷酸探针,以GPV感染鹅肝脏和空肠组织石蜡标本制作切片,经蛋白酶K消化、原位PCR扩增和碱性磷酸酶标记的寡核苷酸探针原位杂交,建立了检测石蜡标本中GPV的间接原位PCR方法并应用于自然感染GPV高免血清紧急免疫后鹅肝脏和空肠组织临床病料检测.结果显示间接原位PCR对人工感染GPV死亡鹅肝脏和空肠的石蜡标本检测结果为阳性,而鹅病毒性肝炎、鹅多杀性巴氏杆菌病、鹅沙门菌病和鹅大肠杆菌病死亡鹅肝脏的石蜡标本检测结果为阴性;间接原位PCR对自然感染GPV高免血清紧急免疫后第6天的鹅肝脏和空肠组织检测20个样本中,空肠组织有8个呈阳性,肝脏组织有4个阳性结果均为阳性,阳性细胞有空肠上皮细胞、肝窦上皮细胞等.  相似文献   

7.
本研究的病毒是从广东患病鹅的小肠组织中分离的,初步鉴定为小鹅瘟病毒(Goose parvovirus,GPV),命名为QY/05后,对病毒的生物学特性进行了鉴定。病料经过处理后,接种12日龄非免疫鹅胚,传代,发现病毒对鹅胚的平均致死时间为3～4d,胚体全身出现较为严重的出血点。病毒接种鹅成纤维细胞和番鸭成纤维细胞,显微镜下可见细胞圆缩、脱落、折光性增强等明显的细胞病变。鹅胚尿囊液经梯度离心后,磷钨酸负染,电镜下可见明显细小的病毒样粒子。这株小鹅瘟病毒尿囊液对鹅胚的EID50为10-3.67/0.3ml。对鹅胚成纤维细胞的TCID50分别为2-5.425/0.1ml。感染一个病毒最小致死量的鹅胚平均死亡时间(MDT)分别为96h。提取DNA后,PCR扩增,在阳性对照处扩增出需要的目的条带。研究结果表明,该分离毒株为典型的鹅细小病毒(Goose Parvovirus,GPV)。  相似文献   

8.
为分离鹅细小病毒(GPV),本研究将疑似GPV感染鹅的组织样品接种SPF鹅胚进行病毒分离和鉴定.结果显示,第4代病毒对12日龄鹅胚的平均致死时间为96 h,ELD50为10-4.6/0.5 mL,PCR和琼脂扩散试验均呈GPV阳性反应,负染电镜下可观察到直径20 nm～25 nm的圆形或六角形病毒粒子,病毒可以被GPV标准阳性血清完全中和,回归雏鹅后表现典型的GP临床症状和特征性病理变化,发病率和致死率均为100％.分离株GPV的vp3基因全长1 605 bp,编码534个氨基酸,与国内外有代表性11株GPVvp3基因的核苷酸同源性为94％～98％,氨基酸同源性为96％～99％.将该分离病毒命名为GPVYBLJ分离株.  相似文献   

9.
利用GPV 98E株胚毒免疫产蛋鸭,收集高免鸭蛋,分离卵黄,经水稀释法去脂粗提,硫酸钠盐析获得纯化的鸭源抗鹅细小病毒卵黄抗体,测定其琼脂双扩散效价、含量和回收率;利用低日龄无母源抗体易感雏鹅检测其预防和治疗效果。结果表明:经GPV 98E株胚毒免疫的鸭可以很快产生高水平的特异性抗体,纯化的卵黄抗体琼扩效价为1∶32,含量为81.6%,总蛋白回收率为6.01mg/mL。在预防试验中,雏鹅的死亡率为0,在治疗试验中,使用一次预防试验用的剂量治疗发病雏鹅,其死亡率为59%,经二项分布显著性检验,鸭源抗GPV卵黄抗体对鹅细小病毒感染有极显著的预防和治疗效果。  相似文献   

10.
为了解鹅细小病毒(GPV)、鹅圆环病毒(GoCV)和鹅多瘤病毒(GHPV)的感染情况，本试验于2019年4—11月对山东某鹅场送检的1 474份青年鹅脾脏采用PCR检测法，对样品中GPV、GoCV和GHPV的特异性基因片段进行检测。结果显示：该鹅群中GPV、GoCV及GHPV单一感染率分别为15.13%(223/1 474)、20.15%(297/1 474)和3.46%(51/1 474),部分样品存在2种或3种病毒共感染。检测结果表明该鹅场青年鹅群存在较为严重的感染和带毒情况，有必要制定一些有效的防控措施。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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