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近年来,蜂胶的化学成分成为国内外蜂胶研究的热点。蜂胶的化学成分极为复杂,含有20余类、400多种天然成分,包含黄酮类化合物、酚酸类化合物、醛酮类化合物及萜类化合物、维生素、多种氨基酸、木脂素以及脂肪酸等天然成分。科学家们研究发现,蜂胶的化学组成受蜂种、采胶季节、气候条件、胶源植物以及储存时间等多种因素的影响而呈现出一定的差异性。 相似文献
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正中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所蜂产品加工与功能评价团队在蜂胶胶源植物鉴定方面取得研究进展。该团队清晰地拍摄了工蜂采集蜂胶的整个过程,首次明确了加拿大杨是我国蜂胶的一种主要的胶源植物。研究成果已在国际蜂联杂志《Journal of Apicultural Research》上在线发表。该研究结合HPLC化学组分分析法和工蜂采胶行为观察法,首次确定了加拿大杨为中国 相似文献
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在家兔饲养中，经常遇到家兔因肠炎发生腹泻。家兔肠炎腹泻发病急，传播快，死亡率较高，采用抗菌素等常规治疗，效果往往不理想。近年来，笔者试用吡哌酸蜂胶酊治疗家兔肠炎腹泻，效果十分理想。蜂胶是植物遗传物质与蜜蜂内分泌的复杂化合物，是蜜蜂从胶源植物新生植腋芽... 相似文献
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蜂胶因不同的植物源、蜜蜂所在当地气候的不同、采胶的时间以及蜜蜂种类的不同都会影响蜂胶的成分组成差异，使得蜂胶的化学组成鉴定变得十分复杂。蜂胶的多种生物活性与蜂胶的化学组成息息相关。食品组学技术主要包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学等，应用了多种高通量组学技术在食品领域相关问题研究中。食品组学技术中应用于蜂胶研究主要体现在对蜂胶成分、蜂胶的类别、蜂胶的起源地的鉴定，而对于蜂胶的活性及机制研究的应用还比较少。因此，下一步食品组学技术还可以用来深入分析蜂胶的生物活性和蜂胶中的活性成分，提供相关分子机制。 相似文献
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蜂胶是近年来国内外蜂产品研究开发的一个热点。蜂胶的化学成分极为复杂，而且随胶源植物、气候、采集地点和时问的不同而不同。缺乏完整的质量标准体系可以说是目前国内外在蜂胶研究开发中所面临的一个十分迫切的问题。在蜂胶的质量标准体系中，除了感现指标和理化指标外，有毒物的残留也是其 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献